Summary: 1. The roots of the Ombudsman’s office; 2. The institution of the Ombudsman in Poland; 3. The commissioner for civil rights protection as an independent organ of a State; 4. The commissioner as an organ of control of the law; 5. Principles of functioning of the commissioner; 6. The new challenges for the commissioner. Conclusion.Key words: Human Rights Protection. Ombudsman. Commissioner.
