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Turismo e degradação na orla do Rio Grande do Sul: conflitos e gerenciamento

Abstract

Economic, ecological and socio-cultural interests always come into conflict within the Sustainable Coastal Development. In order to ensure the sustainability and vitality of these three functions simultaneously, planning and management actions are necessary to reduce these conflicts. Coastal environment is of great importance for the tourism industry, so it is necessary to assure socio-cultural and ecological conservation as the only way to maintain economic development. The municipality of Xangri-lá, which has its economy focused on tourism, is starting dunes management activities and reorganizing the use and occupation of the beach. This paper aims to detail the current situation of the coast of Xangri-lá and the conflicts as a result of tourism in this area. The problems and conflicts were evaluated through field observations and morphodynamic controls (profile of the beach and vegetation). During this period itwas found that there is an aggravation of erosion on the dune system, caused by storms and a vegetation decrease. As a result, dunes decreased in size and width. Associated to this, the pressure of occupation and the lack of infrastructure related to tourism were the main problems found along the coast. Another problem is the dune system distortion caused by the trampling of native vegetation, exotic vegetation invasion, buildings, condominiums, gardens and kiosks. Furthermore, the users’ neglect about the importance of this environment has been leading to the accumulation of garbage. The immediate measures that should be taken to avoid harm to economic activities due to coast erosion and degradation are foredunes recovery, improving beach access and suitable locations for garbage

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