In a previous study, we showed that both the noradrenergic and cholinergic component of ovarian
innervation is markedly changed in porcine cystic ovaries. The present study is aimed at elucidating the distribution
pattern of substance P- (SP), calcitonin gene related peptide CGRP- and/or galanin (GAL)-containing
nerve fibers within porcine cystic ovaries. The status polycysticus was induced by dexamethasone phosphate
disodium salt i.m. injections performed from the 7th until the 21st day of the first studied estrous cycle. During the
same period of time, gilts of the control group received saline. All animals were slaughtered on the expected 11th
day of the second studied estrous cycle, and their ovaries were collected. When compared to control gonad, a distinct
difference in the distribution pattern and the density of SP-, CGRP- and/or GAL-immunoreactive (GAL-IR) nerve
fibers was observed. Thus, unlike in the control gonad, SP- and/or CGRP-IR perivascular nerve fibers were
found to supply medullar blood vessels of polycystic ovary. Furthermore, the number of GAL-IR nerve fibers
contributing to the ground plexus in polycystic ovaries was higher than that observed in the control gonads.
Thus, as may be judged from the profound changes in the distribution pattern of differently chemically coded
afferent terminals within polycystic gonads, it appears possible that neuropeptides released from these terminals
may take part in the etiopathogenesis of this disorder. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49,
No. 4, pp. 622–630
