This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in:
“North American Actuarial Journal"; Volume 16, Issue 3, 2012; copyright Taylor & Francis; available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2012.10590647[EN] In Spain, as in other developed countries, significant changes in mortality patterns have occurred
during the 20th and 21st centuries. One reflection of these changes is life expectancy, which has
improved in this period, although the robustness of this indicator prevents these changes from
being of the same order as those for the probability of death. If, moreover, we bear in mind that
life expectancy offers no information as to whether this improvement is the same for different age
groups, it is important and necessary to turn to other mortality indicators whose past and future
evolution in Spain we are going to study. These indicators are applied to Spanish mortality data
for the period 1981–2008, for the age range 0–99. To study its future evolution, the mortality
ratios have to be projected using an adequate methodology, namely, the Lee-Carter model. Con-
fidence intervals for these predictions can be calculated using the methodology that Lee and
Carter apply in their original article for expected lifetime confidence intervals, but they take into
account only the error in the prediction of the mortality index obtained from the ARIMA model
adjusted to its temporal series, excluding other sources of error such as that introduced by estimations
of the other parameters in the model. That is why bootstrap procedures are preferred,
permitting the combination of all sources of uncertainty.Support for the research presented in this paper was provided by a grants from MeyC (Ministerio de Educacio´n y Ciencia, Spain), projects
MTM2010-14961 and MTM2008-05152. This article was finished in two research stays at Cass Business School (London) funded by
‘‘Jose´ Castillejo’’ Program, Universitat Polite`cnica de Vale`ncia (PAID-00-12) and the Faculty de Administracio´n y Direccio´n de Empresas. We appreciate this funding and the opportunity to discuss our ideas with faculty and doctoral students Cass Business School.Debón Aucejo, AM.; Martínez Ruiz, F.; Montes, F. (2012). Temporal evolution of some mortality indicators: Application to Spanish data. North American Actuarial Journal. 16(3):364-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2012.10590647S36437716