African Studies Seminar series. Paper presented 1988This paper is part of a larger study on the history and contemporary practice of health and healing in southern Africa. It argues that the medical history of the era of segregation and apartheid contains important lessons for health planners today. The region's post-apartheid governments are all committed to the establishment of national health care systems that will address the needs of the impoverished millions who live precariously at or below the margin of subsistence