C.Alexander

D. A.Schön

D. C.Dennett

D. N.Perkins

G.Pahl

H. A.Simon

H. G.Nelson

I.Kant

K. R.MacCrimmon

K.Dorst

M. L.Maher

M. L.Markus

M.Asimow

M.Basadur

N. F. M.Rosenburg

N.Cross

R. C.Richey

R. L.Ackoff

R.Buchanan

R.Cooper

R.Kurzweil

R.Rosen

S. J.Gould

V.Hubka

The purpose of this chapter is to explain the meaning of such important concepts as artifact, design, and design-related research. Traditionally, the term “design research” refers to a field of study that aims at providing insights into designing. This chapter presents a general notion of design. It briefly presents the history of studies of design. The term “design” has a number of definitions, some of which are covered in the chapter. It also considers design as viewed from the perspective of problem solving. The notion of an artifact in relation to its environment and internal organization is described. General methodology of design in terms of key stages is briefly discussed. The role of representation in design is emphasized.</jats:p

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