Previous work on assessing the errors in the Australian Height Datum (AHD) across Western Australia used fewer and older global positioning system (GPS) data and a global quasigeoid model. A larger and improved State-wide set of 243 GPS-derived ellipsoidal heights and a regional gravimetric quasigeoid model are now available. Therefore, it is possible to re-evaluate the north-south tilt in the AHD and look for regional systematic distortions with some more confidence in Western Australia. This new analysis shows an apparent north-south tilt of ~0.27 mm/km in the existing AHD over the whole of the State, but which increases to ~0.6 mm/km over smaller regions, showing regional systematic distortions. When mean sea-level constraints are removed from the AHD by a minimally constrained least-squares adjustment of the spirit-levelling observations that is less prone to the effect of sea-surface topography, the north-south tilt reduces to ~0.18 mm/km, but the regional distortions remain, showing that errors are present in the spirit-levelling observations
