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Low power wind energy conversion system based on variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generators
Authors
Ackermann
Andriollo
+17 more
Athab
Barbosa
Baroudi
Carranza
Di Gerlando
Eltamaly
Hansen
Jang
Kai
Kazmi
Ladenbung
Maeda
Muyeen
Pucci
Ridley
Salvatore
Vorperian
Publication date
1 June 2014
Publisher
'Wiley'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
This paper presents a low power wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a permanent magnet synchronous generator and a high power factor (PF) rectifier. To achieve a high PF at the generator side, a power processing scheme based on a diode rectifier and a boost DC-DC converter working in discontinuous conduction mode is proposed. The proposed generator control structure is based on three cascaded control loops that regulate the generator current, the turbine speed and the amount of power that is extracted from the wind, respectively, following the turbine aerodynamics and the actual wind speed. The analysis and design of both the current and the speed loops have been carried out taking into consideration the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the WECS, as well as the turbine aerodynamics. The power loop is not a linear one, but a maximum power point tracking algorithm, based on the Perturb and Observe technique, from which is obtained the reference signal for the speed loop. Finally, to avoid the need of mechanical sensors, a linear Kalman Filter has been chosen to estimate the generator speed. Simulation and experimental results on a 2-kW prototype are shown to validate the concept. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Carranza Castillo, O.; Garcerá Sanfeliú, G.; Figueres Amorós, E.; González Morales, LG. (2014). Low power wind energy conversion system based on variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generators. Wind Energy. 17(6):811-827. doi:10.1002/we.1598S811827176Ackermann, T. (Ed.). (2005). Wind Power in Power Systems. doi:10.1002/0470012684Muyeen, S. M., Shishido, S., Ali, M. H., Takahashi, R., Murata, T., & Tamura, J. (2008). Application of energy capacitor system to wind power generation. Wind Energy, 11(4), 335-350. doi:10.1002/we.265Ladenburg, J. (2009). Stated public preferences for on-land and offshore wind power generation-a review. Wind Energy, 12(2), 171-181. doi:10.1002/we.308Maeda, T., & Kamada, Y. (2009). A review of wind energy activities in Japan. Wind Energy, 12(7), 621-639. doi:10.1002/we.313Baroudi, J. A., Dinavahi, V., & Knight, A. M. (2007). A review of power converter topologies for wind generators. Renewable Energy, 32(14), 2369-2385. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2006.12.002Di Gerlando, A., Foglia, G., Iacchetti, M. F., & Perini, R. (2012). Analysis and Test of Diode Rectifier Solutions in Grid-Connected Wind Energy Conversion Systems Employing Modular Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generators. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 59(5), 2135-2146. doi:10.1109/tie.2011.2157295Yungtaek Jang, & Jovanovic, M. M. (2000). A new input-voltage feedforward harmonic-injection technique with nonlinear gain control for single-switch, three-phase, DCM boost rectifiers. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 15(2), 268-277. doi:10.1109/63.838099Athab, H. S., Lu, D. D.-C., & Ramar, K. (2012). A Single-Switch AC/DC Flyback Converter Using a CCM/DCM Quasi-Active Power Factor Correction Front-End. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 59(3), 1517-1526. doi:10.1109/tie.2011.2158771Barbosa, P., Canales, F., Crebier, J.-C., & Lee, F. C. (2001). Interleaved three-phase boost rectifiers operated in the discontinuous conduction mode: analysis, design considerations and experimentation. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 16(5), 724-734. doi:10.1109/63.949505Yao, K., Ruan, X., Mao, X., & Ye, Z. (2011). Variable-Duty-Cycle Control to Achieve High Input Power Factor for DCM Boost PFC Converter. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(5), 1856-1865. doi:10.1109/tie.2010.2052538Andriollo, M., De Bortoli, M., Martinelli, G., Morini, A., & Tortella, A. (2009). Control strategy of a wind turbine drive by an integrated model. Wind Energy, 12(1), 33-49. doi:10.1002/we.281Hansen, A. D., & Michalke, G. (2008). Modelling and control of variable-speed multi-pole permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine. Wind Energy, 11(5), 537-554. doi:10.1002/we.278Salvatore, N., Caponio, A., Neri, F., Stasi, S., & Cascella, G. L. (2010). Optimization of Delayed-State Kalman-Filter-Based Algorithm via Differential Evolution for Sensorless Control of Induction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 57(1), 385-394. doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2033489Kazmi, S. M. R., Goto, H., Guo, H.-J., & Ichinokura, O. (2011). A Novel Algorithm for Fast and Efficient Speed-Sensorless Maximum Power Point Tracking in Wind Energy Conversion Systems. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(1), 29-36. doi:10.1109/tie.2010.2044732Pucci, M., & Cirrincione, M. (2011). Neural MPPT Control of Wind Generators With Induction Machines Without Speed Sensors. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(1), 37-47. doi:10.1109/tie.2010.2043043Ming Y Li G Ming Z Chengyong Z Modeling of the wind turbine with a permanent magnet synchronous generator for integration IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007 2007 1 6Carranza O Figueres E Garcera G Gonzalez LG Gonzalez-Espin F Peak current mode control of a boost rectifier with low distortion of the input current for wind power systems based on permanent magnet synchronous generators 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE ’09 2009 1 10Eltamaly, A. M. (2007). Harmonics reduction of three-phase boost rectifier by modulating duty ratio. Electric Power Systems Research, 77(10), 1425-1431. doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2006.10.012Vorperian, V. (1990). Simplified analysis of PWM converters using model of PWM switch. Continuous conduction mode. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 26(3), 490-496. doi:10.1109/7.106126Ridley, R. B. (1991). A new, continuous-time model for current-mode control (power convertors). IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 6(2), 271-280. doi:10.1109/63.76813Carranza O Figueres E Garcera G Trujillo CL Velasco D Comparison of speed estimators applied to wind generation systems with noisy measurement signals ISIE 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial 2010 3317 3322Yaoqin J Zhongqing Y Binggang C A new maximum power point tracking control scheme for wind generation International Conference on Power System Technology, PowerCon 2002 IEEE-PES/CSEE 2002 144 148PSIM 7.0 User's Guide (2006), Powersim Inc. 2006Carranza, O., Garcerá, G., Figueres, E., & González, L. G. (2010). Peak current mode control of three-phase boost rectifiers in discontinuous conduction mode for small wind power generators. Applied Energy, 87(8), 2728-2736. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.02.01
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info:doi/10.1002%2Fwe.1598
Last time updated on 17/11/2020