A proposal for modeling real hardware, weather and marine conditions for underwater sensor networks

Abstract

Network simulators are useful for researching protocol performance, appraising new hardware capabilities and evaluating real application scenarios. However, these tasks can only be achieved when using accurate models and real parameters that enable the extraction of trustworthy results and conclusions. This paper presents an underwater wireless sensor network ecosystem for the ns-3 simulator. This ecosystem is composed of a new energy-harvesting model and a low-cost, low-power underwater wake-up modem model that, alongside existing models, enables the performance of accurate simulations by providing real weather and marine conditions from the location where the real application is to be deployed.The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from CICYT (research projects CTM2011-29691-C02-01, TIN2011-28435-C03-01) and UPV (research project SP20120889).Climent, S.; Capella Hernández, JV.; Blanc Clavero, S.; Perles Ivars, A.; Serrano Martín, JJ. (2013). A proposal for modeling real hardware, weather and marine conditions for underwater sensor networks. Sensors. 13(6):7454-7471. https://doi.org/10.3390/s130607454S74547471136Aqua-Simhttp://obinet.engr.uconn.edu/NS-Miraclehttp://telecom.dei.unipd.it/Niyato, D., Hossain, E., Rashid, M., & Bhargava, V. (2007). Wireless sensor networks with energy harvesting technologies: a game-theoretic approach to optimal energy management. IEEE Wireless Communications, 14(4), 90-96. doi:10.1109/mwc.2007.4300988Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Sciencehttp://www.pangaea.de/Sánchez, A., Blanc, S., Yuste, P., Perles, A., & Serrano, J. J. (2012). An Ultra-Low Power and Flexible Acoustic Modem Design to Develop Energy-Efficient Underwater Sensor Networks. Sensors, 12(6), 6837-6856. doi:10.3390/s120606837AS3933-3D Low Frequency Wakeup Receiverhttp://www.austriamicro/protectsystems.comWorld Ocean Simulation Systemhttp://telecom.dei.unipd.it/ns/woss/Network Simulator 3 (ns-3)http://www.nsnam.or