Burnett, N.

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University of Massachusetts AmherstScholarWorks@UMass AmherstInternational Conference on Engineering andEcohydrology for Fish PassageInternational Conference on Engineering andEcohydrology for Fish Passage 2014Jun 9th, 11:40 AM - 12:00 PMBurst swimming in areas of turbulent flow: delayedconsequences of anaerobiosis in wild adult sockeyesalmonN. BurnettUniversity of Wisconsin - MadisonFollow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conferenceThis Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Fish Passage Community at UMass Amherst at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It hasbeen accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage by an authorized administrator ofScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.Burnett, N., "Burst swimming in areas of turbulent flow: delayed consequences of anaerobiosis in wild adult sockeye salmon" (2014).International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage. 28.https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conference/2014/June9/28BURST SWIMMING IN AREAS OF HIGH FLOW: DELAYED CONSEQUENCES OF ANAEROBIOSIS  IN WILD ADULT SOCKEYE SALMON Nich Burnett Pacific Salmon Ecology and Conservation Lab, UBC Fish Passage 2014 MSc Advisors: S. Hinch, S. Cooke  Coauthors:  D. Braun, M. Casselman, C. Middleton, S. Wilson  St’át’imc First Nation:    W. Payne, B. Dunn, T. Creasey, J. Hopkins, O’Donaghey’s, C. Fletcher  Field Assistance:  Instream Fisheries Research Ltd.  Funding:  BC Hydro, St’àt’imc Eco-Resources, NSERC Acknowledgements Anthropogenic  dams  weirs Migration delay and burst swimming Impact on fitness and survival? ‘Velocity Barriers’ Natural  high-gradient, constrained  rapids Seton-Anderson Watershed, BC USA British  Columbia N	  Alberta Seton-Anderson Watershed, BC BC Hydro Seton Dam Seton-Anderson Watershed, BC BC Hydro Seton Dam Radial gate spillway Siphon spillway Vertical-slot fishway FWRG Forebay 1 2 3 4 5 FLOW Fishway entrance BC Hydro Seton Dam Tailrace Attraction Flows Purpose: facilitate upstream passage, minimize physiological stress Lee et al. 2003a,b, Pon et al. 2009a,b, 2012, Roscoe et al. 2011 Pink salmon 2000 Unusually high contribution  of burst swimming  ‘Least economical swimmers’ 2005 No burst swimming during fishway ascent (EMG) Burst swim in tailrace (tissue biopsy) 2007 Post passage survival consequences  M vs. F mortality (29 vs. 60%) Gates Creek sockeye salmon (EN) Our (Evolving) Thought Process 1)  Does burst swimming in high flows impose delayed consequences?    2)  Why do females suffer exceptionally high en route mortality in the lakes upstream? Knowledge Gaps “important to assess the indirect effects of dams”  - Caudill et al. (2007) CJFAS  1)  Investigate how dam operations influence sockeye salmon swimming activity and behaviour  2)  Determine whether energetic and behavioural        alterations contribute to a failed migration  3)  Identify operational strategies that provide optimal migration conditions for sockeye salmon Objectives 1)  Increased use of burst swimming would         reduce post dam passage survival  2)  Females would exhibit higher failure in dam      passage and ability to reach natal sites   Predictions Full-spanning fish fence (200 m DS)  Methods Gastric insertion Gates Creek spawning channel   Acoustic accelerometer (n = 63)   Radial gate spillway Siphon spillway Vertical-slot fishway FWRG Forebay 1 2 3 4 5 Tailrace FLOW Fishway entrance BC Hydro Seton Dam Ucrit 80% Ucrit Uopt Influence of burst swimming on post passage survival?  Numbers below beans are sample sizes (n)  Lowercase letters: p < 0.05; Tukey HSD Males Females Fish burst swim near fishway entrance Burst swimming has delayed consequences Burnett et al. In press Key findings Burst swimming related to: Attraction flows Crossing attempts Carryover effect  ‘past experience has  effect on current outcome’  O’Connor et al. 2014 Burst swimming has delayed consequences Burnett et al. In press Key findings Females swam with sig. more anaerobic effort  M vs. F in-lake mortality Roscoe et al. 2011: 29 vs. 60% Current study: 31 vs. 56%  …behavioural and/or physiological?  Gates Creek (EN): high pre-spawn and en route mortality Establish operational strategy •  reduce high flows without   compromising attraction  •  goal: optimize net survival   to spawning grounds   Next step? •  experimental flow manipulations (2014)  Accelerometry – ADCP link •  bridge gap between  biology and engineering  •  understand what subsurface flow      features challenge wild fishes Future Directions Burst swimming near fishway entrance •  needed to traverse areas of high flow  •  strongest predictor of high in-lake mortality (females)  •  carryover effect from experience in tailrace  BC Hydro operations •  attraction flows represent ‘velocity barrier’  •  goal: minimize undue physiological stress  Fisheries •  (better) predict en route mortality  •  manage local subsistence fisheries  that target an endangered stock  Conclusions and Implications nich.burnett@gmail.com 

Burst swimming in areas of turbulent flow: delayed consequences of anaerobiosis in wild adult sockeye salmon

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Burst swimming in areas of turbulent flow: delayed consequences of anaerobiosis in wild adult sockeye salmon

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