Sleep loss results in various effects on human health. The current mini-review introduces recent evidence on the relationship between sleep loss, obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and sleep apnea, with a special focus on children. Ten relationships are explained as follows: (1) sleep loss induces obesity; (2) obesity induces sleep apnea; (3) obesity induces insulin resistance; (4) obesity induces hypertension; (5) sleep loss induces insulin resistance; (6) sleep loss induces hypertension; (7) sleep apnea with obesity induces insulin resistance; (8) sleep apnea with obesity induces hypertension; (9) sleep apnea without obesity induces insulin resistance; and (10) sleep apnea without obesity induces hypertension. To ensure child health, it is important to be aware of the need for adequate sleep
