看護系大学生における外国人保健医療サービス提供に関する認識: 日本と韓国の大学における調査から

Abstract

Aim: This study was performed to examine associations between nursing students’ knowledge and interest regarding foreign nationals’ medical health challenges and international exchange experience among Korean and Japanese undergraduate nursing students. Methods: An anonymous self-administered structured questionnaire survey was conducted among 200 Korean nursing students in April 2016, and 78 Japanese nursing students in August 2015; both groups were in their 4th year of study at a university. The questionnaire elicited responses related to knowledge and interest regarding foreign nationals’ medical health challenges in Korea or Japan, likelihood of caring for foreign nationals as nurses, and experience related to international exchange. Results: A total of 183( 91.5%) Korean students and 68( 91.9%) Japanese students participated in this study. Among Korean students, 120( 65.6%) reported being aware of foreign nationals’ medical health challenges, while only 23 (33.8%) Japanese participants gave this response. There were significant differences in knowledge and interest scores regarding foreign nationals’ medical health challengesaccording to experience of international exchange in both Korean and Japanese study participants (Mann?Whitney U test, P = 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively). Korean study participants demonstrated recognition of medical health care provision for foreign nationals as nurses regardless of international exchange experience leve(l Mann?Whitney U test, P = 0.841), although international exchange experience level was significantly related to recognition of medical health care provision for foreign nationals as nurses among Japanese nursing students( Mann?Whitney U test, P = 0.030). Conclusions: Korea and Japan have similar characteristics, such as homogenous and monoculture countries until recently. However, this study demonstrated differences in sensitivity and recognition regarding medical healthcare provision for foreign nationals among Korean and Japanese nursing students. It is necessary to assess the factors responsible for this difference, to prepare nursing students for medical healthcare provision in the global society.目的?本研究は,韓国と日本の看護系大学生における外国人保健医療の知識・関心と国際交流経験の関連を検討することを目的としている.方法?韓国から2016年4月に200人,日本から2015年8月に78人の日本人看護系大学生,いずれも4年生を対象に無記名自記式質問紙による調査が実施された.質問紙内容は,外国人保健医療の知識・関心,将来的な看護職としての外国人保健医療提供可能性の自覚,国際交流経験について構成された.結果?韓国人学生183人(91.5%),日本人学生68人(91.9%)から有効回答を得た.韓国人学生中120人(65.6%)が外国人保健医療ニーズについて認識していたが,日本人学生では23人(33.8%)のみであった.両国の看護学生において,外国人保健医療の知識・関心は,国際交流経験の豊富さと関連していた(マンホイットニーU test, P=0.001,P=0.003).韓国人学生は,国際交流経験の豊富さに関係なく,将来的な看護職としての外国人保健医療提供可能性の自覚をもっていたが(Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.841),日本人学生では,国際交流経験の豊富さが将来的な看護職としての外国人保健医療提供可能性の自覚に統計的有意に関連していた(Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.030).結論?韓国も日本も最近まで単一民族・文化の国であったという類似の特徴を持つが,本調査では両国の看護学生において,外国人保健医療への感度や将来的な看護職としての外国人保健医療提供可能性の自覚に違いが認められた.今後,グローバル社会における外国人保健医療に対応していくために,両国のこういった違いに影響する関連要因について詳細に検証する必要がある

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