Characterization and schematic modeling of a family system of bovine milk producers in Ciénega de Chapala, Mexico

Abstract

Systems theory states that livestock production is dependent on the environment and goals and objectives of the system itself. Therefore, family systems of bovine milk producers (FSBMP) are considered as parallel systems: those in which there is a symbiosis between man and animals and relationships are only affected by environmental factors. The aim of this research was the characterization and schematic modeling of a FSBMP in the region of Ciénega de Chapala, Mexico. For characterization of FSBMP we used general theory of systems methodology and for modeling, a black box approach to integrate criteria such as: (a) internal consistency of the system, (b) interdependence of the system’s components. As a part of characterization, the type of producers was established and milk production was determined by simple random sampling (50% of the herd), milk being weighed at 7-d intervals during 180 d. Data were analyzed using mixed models with repeated measurements methodology. The inefficiency of the FSBMP analyzed (3 416 kg of milk per 305-d of lactation) was attributed to limited formal education of the producer (basic level), which was associated with inefficiencies in administration and in assimilation of technological packages. Milk production presented an abnormal lactation curve and was not affected by the time of year (P > 0.05). In conclusion, efficient functioning of the FSBMP was limited more by knowledge of the producer about the animal component than by the environment in which the system operates