Predictions of Clinical Application of the Cardiac Dynamics in Monitoring Patients With Acute Cardiac Syndrome

Abstract

The physical methodologies of probability and entropy, and Zipf-Mandelbrot law for quantitative evaluation of cardiac dynamics were applied simultaneously, in order to achieve a differentiation between normality and Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). A blind study was conducted, taking Holter monitoring tests from 50 normal subjects and 50 people with ACS who developed Acute Myocardial Infarct (AMI) and Cardiogenic Shock (CS). The maximum and minimum heart rate for each hour was taken, and the number of beats at minimum 21 hours. Probability, entropy and proportions of consecutive pairs of heart rates in numerical attractors were calculated. Zipf-Mandelbrot law was applied to cardiac frequencies grouped in ranges of 15 beats/min finding the degree of complexity of each dynamic and establishing its mathematical diagnosis. It was demonstrated that physical methodologies can evaluate more specifically the ACS, AMI and CS, with values of sensitivity and specificity of 100% and Kappa of 1