Pérez Sayáns, Mario

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Revistas Académicas Universidad de Concepción

Comment315ISSN Online 0719-2479 - www.joralres.com © 2017Conflict of interests:  None.Acknowledgements:  None.Cite as: Pérez-Sayáns M & García-García A. Is the current knowledge about oral cancer enough? J Oral Res 2017; 6(12):315. doi:10.17126/joralres.2017.094The term oral cancer is used as a synonym for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for 90% of all head and neck cancers and 3-4% of malignancies. It is the sixth cancer in the world in terms of incidence (approximately half a million people per year). The incidence increases with age and affects middle-advanced aged adults at a higher frequency (from the fourth decade onwards, with a maximum peek in the 60s).1Patients diagnosed with this type of cancer are treated by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination of these three treatments; the choice of treatment depends on the location of the tumor, its extension, histological subtype, tumor stage and the patient’s general health condition.2 Surgery and radiotherapy are used independently to treat cases of non-metastatic disease (stages I and II), but cancers in advanced stages (III and IV) require concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. One third of patients have tumors in their initial phases (stages I-II), while the other two thirds show advanced stage tumors (stages III-IV). Over 50% of cancer patients suffer local recurrence and 25% develop distant metastasis.3However, the prognosis of these patients still remains poor. Although the most important prognostic indicator of recurrence is metastasis to the lymph nodes in the neck, the incidence of distant metastasis has increased dramatically. Despite the significant advances in diagnostics and therapeutic options, the 5-year survival rate has remained stable at approximately 50% throughout the last decades and in all tumor phases.4Although, currently, fewer patients suffer from locoregional recurrence, several have developed distant disease due to hidden cervical metastasis. These micro-metastasis seem to contribute to an increase in mortality and morbidity. Therefore, better methods are needed for early detection of metastatic spread and residual tumors, and for the decision making process in terms of individual therapeutic interventions.5Is the current knowledge aboutoral cancer enough?Affiliations: 1Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Mario Pérez-Sayáns 1 & Abel García-García.1Corresponding author: Mario Pérez-Sayáns. Entrerríos s/n, Santiago de Com-postela C.P. 15782 Spain. Phone: (003) 4626233504. Ext: (003) 4986295424. E-mail: perezsayans@gmail.com1.  Wheeler SE, Shi H, Lin F, Dasari S, Bednash J, Thorne S, Watkins S, Joshi R, Thomas SM. Enhancement of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by tumor-associated fibroblasts in preclinical models. Head Neck. 2014;36(3):385–92.2.  Teymoortash A, Werner JA. Current advances in diagnosis and surgical treatment of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;11:Doc04. 3.  Psychogios G, Mantsopoulos K, Bohr C, Koch M, Zenk J, Iro H. Incidence of occult cervical metastasis in head and neck carcinomas: development over time. J Surg Oncol. 2013;107(4):384–7. 4.  Wikner J, Gröbe A, Pantel K, Riethdorf S. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and circulating tumour cells. World J Clin Oncol. 2014;5(2):114–24. 5.  Parkinson DR, Dracopoli N, Petty BG, Compton C, Cristofanilli M, Deisseroth A, Hayes DF, Kapke G, Kumar P, Lee JSh, Liu MC, McCormack R, Mikulski S, Nagahara L, Pantel K, Pearson-White S, Punnoose EA, Roadcap LT, Schade AE, Scher HI, Sigman CC, Kelloff GJ. Considerations in the development of circulating tumor cell technology for clinical use. J Transl Med. 2012;10:138. REFERENCES.

Is the current knowledge about oral cancer enough?

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Is the current knowledge about oral cancer enough?

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