Uticaj insekticida na klijavost semena i parametre porasta ponika inbred linija kukuruza

Abstract

In some years, polyphagous insects can threaten production of maize seed. Use of insecticides through seed treatment is known to be the most economical chemical control, which imposed the need to determine the impact of used insecticides on seed quality. Concen­trated suspensions for seed treatment, based on active substances clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, tefluthrin + thiamethoxam and fipronil are included in this test. The results indicate differences in germination capacity and seedling growth parameters of maize inbred lines when insecticides with different active substances were applied. All applied insecticides decreased the percentage of germination (93.3 to 94.3%) when compa­red to control (96.6%). Insecticides based on active substances tefluthrin + thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and fipronil increased the number of abnormal seedlings. Products based on active ingredient clothianidin, increased shoot length of seedlings (146 mm) when compared to the control, while products based on active ingredient thiamethoxam + tefluthrin increased the root length of seedlings (154.6 mm).U pojedinim godinama, napadi polifagnih insekata mogu da ugroze semensku proizvodnju kukuruza. Od hemijskih mera zaštite najekonomičnije je tretiranje semena insekticidnim preparatima, a to je dovelo do ispitivanja njihovog uticaja na kvalitet semena. Koncentrovane suspenzije za tretiranje semena na bazi aktivnih materija klotianidin, imidakloprid, tiametoksam, teflutrin+tiametoksam i fipronil su obuhvaćene ovim testiranjem. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje razlika u ispitivanjima klijavosti semena i parametara porasta ponika samooplodnih linija kukuruza kod primene insekticida na bazi različitih aktivnih materija. Svi primenjeni preparati su uticali na smanjenje procenta klijavosti semena (93,3-94,3%). Primenom preparata na bazi aktivnih materija teflutrin+tiametoksam, imidakloprid i fipronil došlo je do povećenje broja atipičnih ponika. Preparat na bazi aktivne materije klotianidin uticao je na povećanje dužine nadzemnog dela ponika (146 mm) u odnosu na kontrolu, dok je preparat na bazi aktivne materije teflutrin+tiametoksam uticao na povećanje dužine korena ponika (154,6 mm)