Iron phosphate in the composition of concentrate is a fairly strong chemical compound. However, with the help of gaseous substances, such complex compounds decompose when heated to the required temperature, which contributes to the reduction of not only iron, but also phosphorus. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide were used as gaseous reducing agents. This article describes in detail the thermodynamic analysis of the reduction of phosphorus from iron phosphate, its interaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide

G. Zhabalova

M. Mukhametkhan

S. Tleugabulov

V. Shevko

Ye. Mukhametkhan

English

HRČAK - Portal of Croatian Scientific and Professional Journals

306  METALURGIJA 60 (2021) 3-4, 306-308YЕ. MUKHAMETKHAN, M. MUKHAMETKHAN, S. TLEUGABULOV, G. ZHABALOVA, V. SHEVKO COMPLETE THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION OF IRON PHOSPHATE (FePO4) WITH HYDROGEN (H2) AND CARBON MONOXIDE (CO)Received – Primljeno: 2021-01-07Accepted – Prihvaćeno: 2021-04-10Preliminary Note – Prethodno priopćenjeYe. Mukhametkhan, M. Mukhametkhan, S. Tleugabulov, G. Zha-balova, Karaganda Industrial University, Temirtau, Kazakhstan, M. Shevko, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan State University, Shymkent, Ka-zakhstan. Corresponding author: marzhan_mukhametkhan@mail.ruIron phosphate in the composition of concentrate is a fairly strong chemical compound. However, with the help of gaseous substances, such complex compounds decompose when heated to the required temperature, which con-tributes to the reduction of not only iron, but also phosphorus. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide were used as gase-ous reducing agents. This article describes in detail the thermodynamic analysis of the reduction of phosphorus from iron phosphate, its interaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Keywords: iron phosphate, thermodynamic analysis, temperature, hydrogen, carbon monoxide.INTRODUCTIONThe problem of phosphorus was from the very begin-ning of the development of the deposit and for many dec-ades remains unresolved. Over such a long period of time, there have been attempts by scientists and special-ists aimed at reducing the phosphorus content in the con-centrate and developing a technology for producing a conditioned metal from phosphorus-containing ores [1]. Elevation lisakovsk gravity magnetic concentrate by removing phosphorus today’s time is the actual problem-atic task. The peculiarity of the concentrate is the high content of phosphorus in it at the level of 0,60 – 0,75 %, which is unacceptable in its metallurgical processing.The improvement of the lisakovsk gravitational magnetic concentrate due to its desphosphorization is an urgent problem today.RESULTS OF THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSISA complete thermodynamic analysis of the interac-tion of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) was performed by these follow-ing reactions: 2FePO4 + 8H2(g) = Fe2P + 0,25P4(g) + 8H2O(g) (1) 8FePO4 + 32CO(g) = 4Fe2P + P4(g) + 32СО2(g) (2)Thermodynamic analysis was performed using the HSC – 5.1: temperature range: 200 - 1 400 °C; pressure 1 bar; temperature step 100 °C [2]. The influence of temperature on the equilibrium distribution of iron and phosphorus was determined.ISSN 0543-5846METABK 60(3-4) 306-308 (2021)UDC – UDK 661.87-549.75:536.777:536.5:661.96:661.993=111Table 1 and Figure 1 (a) shows the primary tabular and graphical data on the quantitative distribution/ kg of the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2), obtained using the HSC - 5.1 software package.Table 2 and Figure 1 (b) shows the primary tabular and graphical data on the quantitative distribution/ kg of the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO).When iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydro-gen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), the decomposition of iron phosphate into various iron and phosphorus com-Table 1  Influence of temperature on the equilibrium distribution of substances/ kg in the interaction  of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 °CT/ K Phase Units MW /  g/molMin Max1 2 13Compo-nent0 C 0,000 200,000 1 400,000 2,00E+02 3,00E+02 1,40E+03PO2 / gas 1 kg 62,973 0,000 1,000 6,30E–35 6,03E–28 2,16E–03FeP2 3 kg 117,795 0,000 1,000 4,15E–18 2,70E–15 5,85E–06P4O10 / gas 1 kg 283,889 0,000 0,000 2,84E–34 2,84E–34 7,52E–13P4 / gas 1 kg 123,895 0,000 0,000 1,24E–34 1,24E–34 2,58E–16H2O / gas 1 kg 18,015 0,607 108,579 6,07E–01 6,61E+00 1,09E+02P2O5/ gas 1 kg 141,945 0,000 0,000 1,42E–34 1,42E–34 4,68E–07FeH / gas 1 kg 56,855 0,000 1,000 5,69E–35 3,15E–32 6,92E–06P2O3 / gas 1 kg 109,946 0,000 1,000 1,10E–34 2,5E–30 1,03E–04P2 / gas 1 kg 61,948 0,000 0,000 6,19E–35 4,03E–32 5,84E–07FeP 3 kg 86,821 0,000 1,000 2,04E–07 8,88E–06 1,53E–01H2 / gas 1 kg 2,016 3,949 16,031 1,60E+01 1,54E+01 3,95E+00FePO4 2 kg 150,818 0,000 300,310 3,00E+02 2,84E+02 1,51E–34P4O6 / gas 1 kg 219,891 0,411 73,233 4,11E–01 1,47E+00 7,27E+01P3O6 / gas 1 kg 188,918 0,000 0,000 1,89E–34 1,89E–34 2,98E–09Fe2P 3 kg 142,668 0,006 1,000 5,73E–03 7,36E–02 5,17E+00P2O4 / gas 1 kg 125,945 0,000 0,000 1,26E–34 7,22E–34 1,78E–06Fe3P 3 kg 198,515 0,738 131,407 7,38E–01 8,02E+00 1,28E+02307Ye. MUKHAMETKHAN et al.: COMPLETE THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION OF IRON...METALURGIJA 60 (2021) 3-4, 306-308pounds (Fe3P, Fe2P, FeP, FeP2), as well as into various phosphorus oxides in gas phases (P4O6, PO2, P2O3, P2O4, P2O5, P3O6, P4O10) is considered. Other products of the system, such as compounds with Ca and Mg, were not taken into account, since their content is insignificant [2].This graph shows that the temperature of the begin-ning of the decomposition of iron phosphate (FePO4) begins from 200 °C and with a further increase in tem-perature, the decomposition of iron phosphate (FePO4) is more intense. The same situation occurs with hydro-gen (H2). At a temperature of 600 °C, the initial compo-nents of the iron phosphate system (FePO4) and hydro-gen (H2) completely decompose into Fe3P, H2O (gas phase), P4O6 (gas phase), and Fe2P.In the system under consideration, the interaction occurs with the participation of these substances: FePO4, Fe3P, H2O(g), P4O6, H2(g), Fe2P, FeP, PO2, P2O3, FeH, FeP2, P2O4, P2(g), P2O5, P3O6, P4O10 и P4(g).Then the percentage of iron and phosphorus in the compounds at different temperatures is calculated. The percentage of elements (iron and phosphorus) in the compounds was calculated by dividing the molecular weight of the element in g/mol [3].Table 3  Percentage of phosphorus in compounds when iron phosphate (FePO4) reacts with hydrogen (H2)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 0CT/ °C 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 0,205 0,205 0,205 0,205 0,205P4 /gas 1 1 1 1 1P4O10 /gas 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436P3O6 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492P2O5 /gas 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436P2 /gas 1 1 1 1 1P2O4 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492FeP2 0,526 0,526 0,526 0,526 0,526P2O3 /gas 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563PO2 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492FeP 0,357 0,357 0,357 0,357 0,357Fe2P 0,217 0,217 0,217 0,217 0,217P4O6 /gas 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563Fe3P 0,156 0,156 0,156 0,156 0,156Table 4  Percentage of phosphorus in compounds when iron phosphate (FePO4) reacts with carbon monoxide (CO)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 °CТ/ °С 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 0,205 0,205 0,205 0,205 0,205Fe3P 0,156 0,156 0,156 0,156 0,156P4O6 /gas 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563Fe2P 0,217 0,217 0,217 0,217 0,217FeP 0,357 0,357 0,357 0,357 0,357PO2 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492P2O3 /gas 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563 0,563P2O4 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492P2O5 /gas 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436FeP2 0,526 0,526 0,526 0,526 0,526P3O6 /gas 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492 0,492P2 /gas 2 2 2 2 2P4O10 /gas 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436 0,436P4 /gas 4 4 4 4 4Then the mass of iron and phosphorus in the com-pounds was calculated when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2).Based on Tables 3, 4, the mass of iron in compounds when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2) is determined to be 111,8 kg. The mass of iron in the compounds is determined by the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO) equal to 446,8 kg. The mass of phosphorus in compounds when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2) is 62,0 kg. The mass of phosphorus in the com-pounds by the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO) is equal 247,8 kg [4].Then based on the above Tables was calculated the degree of extraction of iron and phosphorus from the compound at different temperatures.Figure 1  Influence of temperature on the equilibrium distribution of substances/ kg in the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2) (a) and carbon monoxide (CO) (b)a) b)Table 2  Influence of temperature on the equilibrium distribution of substances/ kg in the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 °CT/ K Phase Units MW /  g/molMin Max1 2 13Compo-nent0 C 0,000 200,000 1 400,000 2,00E+02 3,00E+02 1,40E+03FePO2 2 kg 150,818 0,000 1 206,607 1,21E+03 1,2E+02 1,5E–34CO2 (g) 1 kg 44,010 687,125 1 121,502 7,04E+02 7,04E+02 1,06E+03Fe3P 3 kg 198,515 0,000 523,027 1,99E–34 1,66E–17 5,19E+02P4O6 (g) 1 kg 219,891 0,000 292,324 6,31E–12 2,50E–12 2,92E+02CO (g) 1 kg 28,010 0,006 222,450 5,59E–03 2,63E–01 2,22E+02C 3 kg 12,011 0,000 1,000 1,92E+02 1,92E+02 4,32E–04Fe2P 3 kg 142,668 0,000 1,000 1,53E–28 27,72E–15 1,14E+01FeP 3 kg 86,821 0,000 1,000 2,06E–23 5,84E–15 1,84E–01PO2 (g) 1 kg 62,973 0,000 1,000 6,30E–35 2,77E–29 1,57E–02P2O3 (g) 1 kg 109,946 0,000 1,000 1,10E–34 1,10E–-34 4,09E–04P2O4 (g) 1 kg 125,945 0,000 1,000 1,26E–34 1,26E–34 2,37E–05P2O5 (g) 1 kg 141,945 0,000 1,000 1,42E–34 1,42E–34 2,07E–05FeP2 3 kg 117,795 0,000 0,000 1,18E–34 5,33E–32 1,16E–06P3O6 (g) 1 kg 188,918 0,000 0,000 1,89E–34 1,89E–34 7,25E–08P2 (g) 1 kg 61,948 0,000 0,000 6,19E–35 6,19E–35 6,31E–08P4O10 (g) 1 kg 283,889 0,000 0,000 2,84E–34 2,84E–34 3,17E–10P4(g) 1 kg 123,895 0,000 0,000 1,24E–34 1,24E–34 7,58E-19308Ye. MUKHAMETKHAN et al.: COMPLETE THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTERACTION OF IRON... METALURGIJA 60 (2021) 3-4, 306-308Table 5  The degree of iron extraction at different temperatures when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 °CТ/ °С 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 99,44 93,90 0,00 0,00 0,00FeP 0,00 0,00 0,04 0,06 0,09Fe2P 0,00 0,05 2,94 3,28 3,62Fe3P 0,56 6,05 97,03 96,66 96,29Table 6  The degree of phosphorus recovery at different temperatures during the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2)/ temperature range  200  – 1 400 °CТ/ °С 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 99,44 93,90 0,00 0,00 0,00FeP 0,00 0,00 0,04 0,06 0,09Fe2P 0,00 0,03 1,47 1,64 1,81P4O6 /gas 0,37 4,06 66,15 66,08 66,00Fe3P 0,19 2,02 32,34 32,22 32,10Table 7  The degree of iron recovery at different temperatures when iron phosphate (FePO4) reacts with carbon coxide (CO)/ temperature range 200 – 1 4000CТ/ °С 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 100,01 100,01 0,00 0,00 0,00Fe3P 0,00 0,00 98,12 98,05 97,98FeP 0,00 0,00 0,02 0,02 0,03Table 8  The degree of phosphorus recovery at different temperatures during the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO)/ temperature range 200 – 1 400 0CТ/ °С 200 300 1 200 1 300 1 400FePO4 100,01 100,01 0,00 0,00 0,00Fe3P 0,00 0,00 32,71 32,68 32,66P4O6 /gas 0,00 0,00 66,35 66,34 66,32Fe2P 0,00 0,00 0,93 0,97 1,00FeP 0,00 0,00 0,02 0,02 0,03CONCLUSIONThe Tables 5, 6, 7, 8 above shows that when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) at initial temperatures of 200 - 400 °C, it partially decomposes into P4O6 and Fe3P, when the temperature rises to 500 °C, FePO4 begins to appear other compounds like Fe2P, and at maximum temperatures of 1 100 °C and above, FePO4 completely decomposes into FeP, Fe2P, P4O6(g) and Fe3P. This phe-nomenon can be depicted on graphs.Comparing Figures 2, 3, it can be also concluded that the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2) already at the initial temperatures of 300 - 400 °C appears a compound of iron with phosphorus Fe2P, and the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with carbon monoxide (CO) iron phosphate decomposes only to Fe3P and FeP. At maximum temperatures of 1 300 - 1 400 °C, iron is almost completely (96 - 97 %) converted to Fe3P. When iron phosphate (FePO4) reacts with hydrogen (H2) during the decomposition of iron phosphate, phosphorus in the form of gaseous oxide P4O6 begins to appear at 200 °C, and when iron phosphate reacts with carbon monox-ide (CO) – at 500 °C. This suggests that phosphorus pass-es into the oxide compound better when iron phosphate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2). When iron phos-phate (FePO4) interacts with hydrogen (H2), a compound of iron and phosphorus Fe2P appears at the initial tem-peratures of 300 - 400 °C. At maximum temperatures of 1 300 - 1 400 °C, iron is almost completely (96 - 97 %) converted to Fe3P. REFERENCES[1] John R. Van Wazer. Phosphorus and its compounds. Volu-me I. St. Louis, Missouri. 1962, pp. 687.[2] A. Raine. Outokumpu HSC Chemistry for Windows. Che-mical Reaction and Equilibrium software with Extensive Thermochemical Database. - Pori: Outokumpu Research Oy, 2002.[3] R. Anti, M. Jarkko, K. Tuukka, B. Peter, L. Party. HSC Chemistry 6.0 User’s Guide. Pori: Outotec Research Oy, 2006.[4] V. Shevko, G. Sergeants, G. Karataeva, D. Amanov. Calcu-lation of the equilibrium distribution of elements in rela-tion to the HSC-5.1 computer program. Certificate for the object protected by copyright of the Republic of Ka-zakhstan No. 1501 dated January 29, 2019.Note:  The responsible for English language is translator from Temirtau Dana Ybrai, Temirtau, Kazakhstan Figure 2  Influence of temperature on the equilibrium degree of distribution of iron in compounds during the interaction of iron phosphate with hydrogen (a) and carbon monoxide (b)a) b)Figure 3  Influence of temperature on the equilibrium degree of phosphorus distribution in compounds during the interaction of iron phosphate with hydrogen (a) and carbon monoxide (b)a) b)

Complete thermodynamic analysis of the interaction of iron phosphate (FePO4) with hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

HRČAK - Portal of Croatian Scientific and Professional Journals

Hrčak - Portal of scientific journals of Croatia