250-252A venerid bivalve Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from benthic collections is reported for the first time from the coastal waters of Andhra Pradesh, east coast of India. The findings of this study indicate the extended distributional range of the species, until now documented from the west coast of India

Dash, B

Raman, A V

Rao, K V Surya

Rao, N V Subba

Raut, D

Rout, S S

NOPR

Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol. 50 (03), March 2021, pp. 250-252 Short Communication First record of Veneridae clam  Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from east coast of India, Andhra Pradesh S S Routa,b, B Dasha,b, N V Subba Raoc, K V Surya Raoc, A V Ramana & D Raut*b aMarine Biology Laboratory, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, AP – 530 003, India bCentre of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha – 753 003, India cMolluscan Section, Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata – 700 053, India *[E-mail: raut.dipti2@gmail.com] Received 05 September 2019; revised 15 July 2020 A venerid bivalve Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from benthic collections is reported for the first time from the coastal waters of Andhra Pradesh, east coast of India. The findings of this study indicate the extended distributional range of the species, until now documented from the west coast of India.  [Keywords: Benthos, East coast of India, Mollusca, New Record, Protapes ziczac, Veneridae] Introduction Representatives of the family Veneridae commonly referred to as Venus clams are cosmopolitan and ubiquitous in distribution, occurring world-wide in littoral environments. Of the 800 extant species known globally1 under the family, many are often subjected to wide-ranging commercial exploitation owing to their numerical dominance in benthic communities2. Veneridae, is one amongst the ten identified families popular with shell collectors3. Besides, most species are not only recognized as foods with high nutritional value, for example Meretrix meretrix rich in proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, minerals, essential vitamins and essential amino acids4 but also as poultry feed, and in extraction of lime by local fisher communities, thus contributing to livelihood economies. Majority of the venerid species reported from India are common to both west and east coasts. About ten species are restricted in their distribution to west coast, with two species known only from the Andaman Islands. From the coast of Andhra Pradesh, in all, 29 venerid species have been reported5 with the present species now as an addition to the existing bivalve fauna of the coast. The genus Protapes Dall, 1902 is represented by three species in India: Protapes cor (G. B. Sowerby I, 1853), and P. ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from west coast5,6 in addition to P. gallus (Gmelin, 1791) from both west and east coasts in extensive beds in estuaries in the proximity of the sea where marine conditions prevail6. Amongst the species documented, P. ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) was recorded earlier fromthe Arabian sea7 as P. sinuosa (Lamarck, 1818)8.Additionally, reports of the species off Kerala9corroborate the existence of the species from thesouth west coast of India. The objective of the presentstudy is to further document the occurrence and rangeextension of P. ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758), previouslyunreported, from the east coast of India.Materials and Methods Two specimens were obtained with a Naturalist’s dredge (20 x 50 cm; mesh size ~ 0.6 cm2) operated from a fishing trawler at a depth of about 10-30 m from Singarayakonda in the coastal corridor (15°20.120' N, 80°08.218 'E) off Andhra Pradesh, India (Fig. 1). After collection, the specimens were washed with seawater and sorted on board. The specimens were carefully preserved in 10 % neutralized formaldehyde. Morphometric measurements were recorded using a dial Caliper. Identification was carried out based on key taxonomic features with appropriate literature10. The specimens were photographed with a digital (Nikon) camera, vouchered (Reg. No. MBLDZAU-239; dated 01.03.2017) and deposited in the collections of the Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. The samples for hydrography were analyzed according to Standard methods for the estimation of water quality11,12. Sediment texture was determined through wet sieving and pipette analysis13 and nomenclature assigned14. Organic matter was estimated by the wet oxidation method of Walkley-Black, later modified15. Material examined Two live specimens, Voucher no. MBLDZAU-239; dated 01.03.2017; collected from Singarayakonda (15°20.120' N, 80°08.218' E) of Andhra Pradesh, India, at depth of 10 m. ROUT et al.: FIRST RECORD OF VENERIDAE CLAM, EAST COAST OF INDIA   251 Results  Identification  Systematic account Phylum:  Mollusca Class:   Bivalvia Subclass:  Heterodonta Infraclass:  Euheterodonta Superorder:  Imparidentia Order:   Venerida Superfamily:  Veneroidea Family:  Veneridae Rafinesque, 1815 Genus:   Protapes Dall, 1902 Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758)  Synonyms Tapes inflata Römer, 1870 Venus ziczac Linnaeus, 1758 (Figs. 1a – d; Table 1)  Diagnosis Shell color pale off-white tan with four prominent reddish-brown axial bands and zigzag streaks radiating from umbo to ventral margin. Externally shell sculptured with growth curves separated by more or less identical sized furrows; hard, compact, thick, fairly distended, rotund, projecting into inflexed umbones towards the anterior margin; equivalve, oviform, trigonal of moderate dimensions (Table 1). Posterior margin curving upwards, ventral margin smooth, undulating. Lunule spindle shaped. Escutcheon slender, even. Interior shell color white; hinge with three cardinal teeth each; pallial sinus discernible with rounded apex; pallial line connects roughly trigonal anterior and elliptical posterior muscle scars. Remarks: In comparison with the other two species of Protapes reported from India, P. ziczac has a much distended, swollen and bulky shell with well-defined strong external sculpture9.   Ecology The specimens were recorded from a depth of 10 m with a salinity of 34.20 psu; sediment organic matter   Fig. 1  —  Location map showing site of collection, along the coast of Andhra Pradesh, east coast of India: a-d) Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758), a) Dorsal right valve, b) Shell with lunule, c) ventral left valve, and d) dorsal left valve  Table 1 — Morphometric measurements in mm Shell morphometrics Protapes ziczac Specimen 1 Specimen 2 Shell height 24.52 24.50 Shell length 35.82 35.79 Shell thickness 15.32 15.32  INDIAN J GEO-MAR SCI, VOL 50, NO 3, MARCH 2021   252 was 1.21 % with silt loam texture (29.16 % sand, silt 70.78 % and clay 0.06 %). Two other venerids Pelecyora excisa (Röding, 1798) and Placamen lamellatum (Röding, 1798) were also observed from the same site.  Conclusion Extensive investigations as attempted in this study remain crucial in the exploration and documentation of benthic life. P. ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) though described as a wide-ranging species of the western Indian Ocean, the possibility of a broader distribution across the  Indo-Pacific was speculative16. The present finding of the species off Andhra Pradesh coastal waters, confirms an eastward extension into the Bay of Bengal.  Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support (MoES/36/ 00SI/Extra/11/2012) from the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India for a research project on Benthic Communities of Coastal Andhra Pradesh. This work was carried out at the Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Andhra University. We thank all those who assisted in the fieldwork. S S Rout and B Dash are thankful to the CSIR, New Delhi for the award of a Senior Research Fellowship.  Conflict of Interest There is no competing or conflict of interest.  Author Contributions Specimen acquisition: AR; Laboratory analysis and figure: SSR & BD; Preparation of map: SSR & BD; Taxonomic identification: NVS and KVS; Writing: DR & SSR. Editing and review: AR and NVS; and funding acquisition: AR.  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First record of Veneridae clam  Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from  east coast of India, Andhra Pradesh

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First record of Veneridae clam Protapes ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) from east coast of India, Andhra Pradesh

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