Presentació feta en el marc de la jornada "Open Research Europe: the new EC's open access publishing platform" organitzada per la Oficina de Projectes Internacionals de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, el 19 de febrer de 202

Rico-Castro, Pilar

English

Diposit Digital de Documents de la UAB

1Open Access and Open Science in the European mandates: ORE as an implementation mechanism.Pilar Rico Castro (@PilaRicoCastro)Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT)February 19, 2021Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona2SUMMARY✓ Open Access does not equal Open Science.✓ Horizon 2020: Open Access mandate in operation for all beneficiaries. It includes both scientific literature and research data.✓ Horizon Europe: The Open Access mandate will be reinforced. Open Science elements will be included in the WPs and in the AMGA.✓ Open Research Europe (ORE) is one of the implementation mechanisms of H2020 and HE OA and OS policies.3CONTENT1. What is Open Access?2. Open Access to Scientific Literature.3. Open Access to Research Data.4. What is Open Science?5. The Open Research Europe4What is Open Access?OA = online access at no charge to the user (this includes further distribution and proper archiving)– to peer-reviewed scientific publications– to research dataSource: http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/docs/h2020-funding-guide/cross-cutting-issues/open-access-dissemination_en.htmHowever, open access:– is not a requirement to publish: researchers are free to publish or not – does not interfere with the decision to exploit research results commercially e.g. patenting: discussion on open access comes after the decision to publish– publications are not of a lower quality: they go through the same peer review process as other publications5R&D PUBLIC FUNDINGR&D ACTIVITIESResearch activities are publicly funded byEuropean, National, Regional & Institutional publicfundsOUTCOMES: Scientificarticles, PhD Thesis, Research Data, Conference Talks, Proceedings, …GREY LITERATURE• Scientific JOURNALS published byinstitutions• PhD Thesis, Master Thesis• Conference talks, stored in researchers’ computers …• Scientific DATA, stored in researchers’ computers …GREY LITERATURESCIENTIFIC ARTICLESCOMMERCIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS AND DATABASESResearchersgive up theirIPR in favour of the publisherof their workSCIENTIFIC INFORMATION and RESEARCH PERFORMANCE INDICATORS THESE PRODUCTS ARE SOLD TO THE R&D INSTITUTIONSSCIENTIFIC INFORMATIONPURCHASEScientific production and Science communication track6Open access helps against R&D communication system’smalfunctions• Production of scientific contents• Access to scientific contents• Revision of scientific contents.TRIPLE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE•Research outcomes not published by commercial publishers are lost: Research data, code, PhD thesis, methods, presentations, reports, non comercial journal papers, etc. LOTS OF LOST SCIENTIFIC CONTENTS• Scientific information is not fully offered to the scientific community as a whole.• Scientific information is DISPERSED and not SISTEMATIZED.LACK OF A SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION INFRAESTRUCTURE• R&D institutions and R&D managers are highly dependent on commercial publishers for access to scientific contents and metrics. • Scientific performance evaluation is biased.HIGH DEPENDENCE OF EXTERNAL SUPPLIERS7OPEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE8The Scientific communication private business – Key figures of the STM Association✓ Annual  revenues: 23 K Million €✓ Annual revenues in Spain: 88,8 M €✓ 10.000 publishers✓ 42.500 journals✓ Scopus: 20.000 indexed journals (47%)✓ WoS: 12.000 indexed journals (28%)✓ 3 M articles per year ✓ Two business models:• Subscription access: 72,2% • Open access: 27,8% Fuente: STM Report 20189The scientific communication private businessFuente: https://twitter.com/MatteoCarandini/status/1272141942957182978https://www.relx.com/investors/annual-reports/2019http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/datafile/margin.html10HORIZON 2020 - AMGAARTICLE 29 — DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS — OPEN ACCESS —VISIBILITY OF EU FUNDING 29.1 Obligation to disseminate results…………………………………………….. 29.2 Open access to scientific publications Each beneficiary must ensure open access (free of charge, online access for any user) to all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating to its results. In particular, it must: a) as soon as possible and at the latest on publication, deposit a machine-readable electronic copy of the published version or final peer-reviewed manuscript accepted for publication in a repository for scientific publications; Moreover, the beneficiary must aim to deposit at the same time the research data needed to validate the results presented in the deposited scientific publications.b) ensure open access to the deposited publication — via the repository —at the latest:(i)  on publication, if an electronic version is available for free via the publisher, or(ii)  within six months of publication (twelve months for publications in the social sciences and humanities) in any other case.c) ensure open access — via the repository — to the bibliographic metadata that identify the deposited publication…..The bibliographic metadata must be in a standard format and must include all of the following:▪the terms [‘European Union (EU)’ and ‘Horizon 2020’][‘Euratom’ and Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018’]; ▪the name of the action, acronym and grant number; ▪the publication date, and length of embargo period if applicable, and ▪a persistent identifier. http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/amga/h2020-amga_en.pdfPublish ≠ Archive11Scientific article’s versionsSource: Ignasi Labastida 2019SubmittedVersionPreprintAcceptedVersionPostprintPublishedVersionVoRReviewedVersionReviewedVersionReviewedVersion1213https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/search.html1415ELSEVIER SHARING POLICIEShttps://pandelisperakakis.wordpress.com/2015/09/09/how-to-negotiate-with-publishers-an-example-of-immediate-self-archiving-despite-publishers-embargo-policy/16ELSEVIER SHARING POLICIESEmbargo periods are above 12/24 months in most Elsevier journalsInmediate publication allowed Choices:1. Negotiate with the editor self-archiving conditions beforepublication. May thepublisher’s policy be inconsistent with GA mandate, researchers can sign an annexto the contract. 2. Negotiate with the projectofficer a waiver to the GA mandate.3. Pay for APCs . Elegible costs ifthey are included in theproyect budget. In Gold OA, around 1500-2000 €.https://pandelisperakakis.wordpress.com/2015/09/09/how-to-negotiate-with-publishers-an-example-of-immediate-self-archiving-despite-publishers-embargo-policy/17OpenAIRE H2020 OA Guide Model for PublishingOpen Access Publishing Agreementhttps://www.openaire.eu/h2020-oa-guide-model-for-publishing18Scientific Literature Repositories and Resources Agregators: • Recolecta: https://www.recolecta.fecyt.es/• OpenAIRE: https://www.openaire.eu/participate/deposit-publications-data• OpenDOAR: http://www.opendoar.org/Thematic:• ArXiv (http://arxiv.org) : Phisycs, Mathematics, Computer Sciences, Biology.• Europe PubMed Central (http://europepmc.org/) Life Sciences.• Cogprints (http://cogprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/): Psycology, Neurosciences, Linguistics, Computer Sciences, Biology.• RePec (http://ideas.repec.org): Economics.• …Institucional: Universities and Research Performing Organizations.Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/OAPEN Library: http://oapen.org (Monographs)19OPEN ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA20http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/mga/gga/h2020-mga-gga-multi_en.pdfHORIZON 2020 - AMGA………………………………….29.3 Open access to research data [OPTION for actions participating in the open Research Data Pilot: Regarding the digital research data generated in the action (‘data’), the beneficiaries must: a) deposit in a research data repository and take measures to make it possible for third parties to access, mine, exploit, reproduce and disseminate — free of charge for any user — the following: (i) the data, including associated metadata, needed to validate the results presented in scientific publications as soon as possible; (ii) other data, including associated metadata, as specified and within the deadlines laid down in the ‘data management plan’ (see Annex 1); b) provide information — via the repository — about tools and instruments at the disposal of the beneficiaries and necessary for validating the results (and — where possible — provide the tools and instruments themselves). This does not change the obligation to protect results in Article 27, the confidentiality obligations in Article 36, the security obligations in Article 37 or the obligations to protect personal data in Article 39, all of which still apply. As an exception, the beneficiaries do not have to ensure open access to specific parts of their research data if the achievement of the action's main objective, as described in Annex 1, would be jeopardised by making those specific parts of the research data openly accessible. In this case, the data management plan must contain the reasons for not giving access.] 21Processing data• enter data, digitise, transcribe, translate• check, validate, clean data• anonymise data wherenecessary• describe data• manage and store dataAnalysing datainterpret dataderive dataproduce research outputsauthor publicationsprepare data for preservationPreserving datamigrate data to best formatmigrate data to suitable mediumback-up and store datacreate metadata and documentationarchive dataGiving access to datadistribute datashare datacontrol accessestablish copyrightpromote dataRe-using datafollow-up researchnew researchundertake research reviewsscrutinise findingsteach and learnResearch data life-cyclehttp://www.data-archive.ac.uk/create-manage/life-cycle22http://ec.europa.eu/research/press/2016/pdf/opendata-infographic_072016.pdfhttps://open-science-training-handbook.gitbooks.io/book/content/23• Persistent Identifiers : DOI, ORCID. They allow us to cite our research data.• Standards and metadata: ¿What are my data about? ¿Who collected them, and why? ¿In what formats are my data available? Metadata answer these questions, so our research data can be found and interpreted.• Keywords, harmonized files’ naming, well identified versions.Findable24Accesible• Archiving and long-term preserving our research data, benefitting from a repository : – Re3data www.re3data.org– Zenodo www.zenodo.org– DDD https://ddd.uab.cat• Data sharing: use information exchange protocols– Criteria for selecting a repository: https://ddd.uab.cat/record/16356225• Allow access, downloading, exploitation and reproducibility of research data.• License your data clearly.• Anonymize and encrypt your data.• Specify restrictions, embargos, and access rules to your research data.Interoperable, Reusable✓ Recommended Open Licenses in H2020: CC-BY/CC-0✓ Open Licenses Guide: http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/how-guides/license-research-data26Partial / total opting out✓ Anytime during projects’ lifetime✓ Incompatible with the Horizon 2020 obligation to protect results if theycan reasonably be expected to be commercially or industrially exploited;✓ Incompatible with the need for confidentiality in connection with securityissues;✓ Incompatible with existing rules concerning the protection of personaldata;✓ If the project will not generate / collect any research data;✓ If there are other legitimate reasons to not take part in the PilotAs open as possible, as closed as necessary27DATA MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP)A data management plan or DMP is a formal document that outlineshow data are to be handled both during a research project, and after the project iscompleted.[1] The goal of a data management plan is to consider the many aspectsof data management, metadata generation, data preservation, and analysis beforethe project begins; this may lead to data being well-managed in the present, and prepared for preservation in the future.• It’s a project deliverable, it is not part of the proposal (with exceptions).• It’s a live instrument, first version in the first 6 months of the project: it is not a static document, it must evolve and gain in precision.• New version every time there are important changes in the project (at least one intermediate and one final review).• The DMP indicates which data will be open and which will not, and why.28 https://dmp.csuc.cat29Dipòsit Digital de Documents UAB• ddd.uab.cat/collection/datasetsDatasets• ddd.uab.cat/collection/plagesdadData Management Plans30FIdentifiers (DOI / URI / ORCID)It uses international standardsSearchable and retrievable contentsAAccessible through standard communication protocolsLong-term accessibilityI Standard metadataRExhaustive description of the dataMention of rights (CC licenses or public domain)Description according to widely recognized thematic or general standardsDDD is…31OPEN SCIENCE 321. Free and unrestricted online availability to:- Scientific publications - Research data2. Open peer review 3. Next generation metrics4. Open Source Software5. Open Educational Resources 6. Citizen ScienceOPEN ACCESS ≠ OPEN SCIENCE1. Free and unrestricted online availability to:- Scientific publications - Research data33FUNDING33Ejecutores InvestigaciónExpertosNationalRegionalEuropeanAEI, CDTI, ISCIII, FECYT Plan Estatal R&D&I.Regional entitiesRegional R&D fundingprogrammes.Comisión Europea Framework Programme(H2020 for 2014-2020; Horizon Europe for 2021 -2027).Public SectorPrivate SectorNon-profit sectorPublic Universities, publicRPOs, hospitals.Private Universities, enterprises. Technology centres, charities.Scientific JournalsOA RepositoriesOther platformsIndexed (WoS o Scopus).Non indexed.Institucional.Thematic.Social media, mass media profiles, scientificcommunication, scientificadvisory.ASSESSEMENTNationalRegionalEuropeanANECA. AEI.10 CCAA in Spain.REA .ERCEA.PERFORMING COMMUNICATION34OPEN SCIENCE IN HORIZON EUROPEFUENTE: Comisión Europea 2020.35OPEN SCIENCE IN HORIZON EUROPEFUENTE: Comisión Europea 2020.36OPEN SCIENCE IN HORIZON EUROPEFUENTE: Comisión Europea 2020.37OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE38OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE39OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE40OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE41OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE42UAB Open access supportwww.uab.cat/open-access43CONCLUSSION ✓ Open Access does not equal Open Science.✓ Horizon 2020: Open Access mandate in operation for all beneficiaries. It includes both scientific literature and research data.✓ Horizon Europe: The Open Access mandate will be reinforced. Open Science elements will be included in the WPs and in the AMGA.✓ Open Research Europe (ORE) Open Research Europe (ORE) is one of the implementation mechanisms of H2020 and HE OA and OS policies.44GRACIAS@PilaRicoCastroResponsable Unidad Acceso Abierto, Repositorios y RevistasNational Open Access Helpdesk (NOAD) OpenAIREFundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT)https://www.fecyt.es/http://www.openaire.eu/openairespain@fecyt.es

Open access and open science in the european mandates : ORE as an implementation mechanism

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Open access and open science in the european mandates : ORE as an implementation mechanism

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