Ganchev, T.

Kozarov, I.

English

Varna Medical University Press: Journals

THE EFFECT OF SENSITIZATION ON PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF PSEUDOEOSINOPHIL (NEUTROPHIL) GRANULOCYTES IN GUINEA PIGS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THYMECTOMYT. Ganchev, I. KozarovThe changes in the phagocytic activity following thymectomy have been insufficiently investigated hitherto. According to reports by Miller, thymectomy increases the size and number of Kupffer’s cells and enhances phagocytosis, investigated by means of purification of the blood from colloid-al carbon. In the latter case, the role and significance of the various pha- gocytizing cells have not been defined. Insofar the influence of sensiti-zation exerted upon the phagocytosis is concerned, the available data shows that it stimulates the phagocytic activity (1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 14). Very often, in case of a non specific object for phagocytizing, a reduction of phagocy-tosis is established by the authors (6,14). In the literature surveyed no reports were found referring to the influence of sensitization upon the pha-gocytosis after previously performed thymectomy. In the present study, we aim to verify the alteration of the opsono-phagocytic index after sensiti-zation in guinea pigs after thymectomy, with a view to clarify the role played by the thymus in the mobile — cellular defense.Material and MethodThe experiments were performed on 40 clinically healthy guinea pigs, divided in two groups: group I: a) neonatally thymectomized animals, sensibilized at the age of one month — 9 animals, b) controls — 11 ani-mals; group II: a) neontally thymectomized, sensibilized at the age of 8 months — 9, b) controls — II animals. Thymectomy was carried out by surgical intervention. Senzitization was performed with bovine serum at dose 0,1 ml, subcutaneously, three times, blood was taken for investiga-tion of the opsono-phagocytic index. The method of Wright and Douglass as modified by Valchanov was employed (3, 4, 5). Culture of killed bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, strain 209), at concentration 2000 millions in 1 ml++ was used. In 100 intact pseudoeosinophil (neutrophil) granulocytes, the phagocytized staphilococci were counted and the number of cocci phago- cytized from a single cell was calculated, i. e. the opsono-phagocytic index (OPI) (5).40 T. Ganchev, I. Kozarov 2Results and DiscussionThe opsono-phagocytic index of the neonatally thymectomized animals, sensibilized at the age of 1 month, was 0,22 4- 0,10 prior to sensitization. Fourteen days after the sensitization, the index fell to 0,19+0,09, with the values in three of the animals displaying a slight increase. In four animals, OPI was investigated on the third post-sensitization day. It was found that it was likewise decreased, although lacking statistical reliabi-lity. In Table I, the mean results are presented in all groups of animals.T a b l e  lOpsono-Phagocytic Index before and after Sensitization of Neonatally Thymectomyzedand Control Guinea PigsOpsono-phagovytlc IndexGROUPSNumbeiBeforesenzitiz.Aftersensitiz.Alteration In "/.Group I: a) neonatally thymectomized, sensibilized at 1 month 9 22+0,10 0,19 ±0,09 — 13,64b) controls 11 0,14±0,03 0,15 ±0,02 +  7,14Group II: a) neonatally thymectomized;sensibilized at 8 months 9 0,89 ±0,74 0,54 ±0,37 -39 ,33b) controls 11 0,62 ±0,49 0,31 ±0,15 -50 ,00The changes in the control animals (merely sensibilized, of same age) disclosed the following values: before sensitization — 0,14+0,03, and after sensitization— 0,15+0,02. It is evident that the increase, amount-ing to 7,14% is insignificant. In the experimental group, a fall of OPI with 13,64% is recorded. The postsensitization increaseof OPI is in compliance with the generally accepted enhancement of phagocytic activity after sen-sitization (1, 2, 5, 6, 10). A reduction of OPI is noted also in Group II, con-sisting of neonatally thymectomized and control animals, sensibilized at the age of 8 months. In the latter case, the thymectomized animals prior to sensitization had OPI 0,89+0,74, which was lowered to 0,54+0,37 after the antigenic influence. In this group, a reduction was obtained of the phagocytic activity in the control animals also from 0,62+0,49, the value of the index after sensitization was lowered down to 0,31+0,15. It should be stressed furthermore, that the fall in the control animals is much more pronounced as compared to that of thymectomized animals, and is stati-stically reliable at P 0,05. In the younger, 1-month-old, not-thymecto- mized animals of group I, the OPI is inceased after sensitization, whilst in the elder controls of group II, it is considerably reduced. The latter fact might be explained by the extinction of the immune response in the adult organism, which plays an essential role in the phagocytic process (1, 5, 7, 8). Worthy of interest are also the data about the OPI changes after sen-sitization against the background of neonatally performed thymectomy. Table 1 shows that in both groups of thymectomized animals, OPI reveals3 The effect of sensitization on phagocytic activity 41a tendency towards decrease after injection of the antigen. The sub-stantially stronger reduction of OPI in elder animals — thymectomized and sensibilized — might be explained, apart from the age-related reduct-ion of immune reaction, also by the inhibitory effect of thymectomy, exert-ed upon the immuno-allergic processes (9, 11, 15, 16). Furthermore, here as in the control animals, probably, the circumstances that the object for phagocytizing is not specific plays an essential role. It is well known that in the latter case a reduction of phagocytic activity might occur (6, 14).It is worth mentioning that OPI in thymectomized animals both be-fore and after sensitization, displays higher values as compared to control animals. This is evident in Table 1, as well as in Table 2 where the percen- tual differences are shown of OPI between thymectomized and control ani-mals, prior to and after the antigen injection.T a b l e  2Before sensibil. After sensiblein % In •/.Group 1— Thymectomized sensibilized at 1 monthcompared to controls +36,36 +  21,00Group 11 — Thymectomized sensibilized at 8 monthscompared to controls +30,33 +42,59The above data comply with Miller’s report, claiming an increase of phagocytosis after thymectomy (13). In the particular case discussed, this increase is at the expense of the pseudoeosinophil (neutrophil) granul- cytes in the circulating blood. Although unreliable statisicalwise, due to the small numbers of animals on which our experiments were carried out the differences exist. Concerning the difference of OPI in sensibilized at 1 and 8 months, neonatally thymectomized and control animals, probably an important role is played also by the age-dependent development of the hypothalamo-hypophyse-adrenal system (12), which stimulates the pha-gocytic activity (5) and, in all likelihood, explains the higher OPI values in the 8-month-old animals.It is quite possible that the reduced immunologic reactivity subsequent to thymectomy leads to the mobilization of other compensatory mechanisms and regulatory nerve-humoral links, lending support to the defensive processes by way of stimulating the phagocytic process. According to the results of this study the pseudoeosinophil (neutrophil) granulocytes in the circulating blood also participate in the compensatory processes referred to.Inference1. Neonatal thymectomy in immediate and later periods accounts for inhibition of the phagocytic activity subsequent to sensitization of guinea pigs.42 4T. Ganchev, I. Kozarov2. In thymectomized guinea pigs, the opsono-phagocytic index of the pseudoeosinophil (neutrophil) granulocytes is higher as regards to n.on- thymectomized animals.3. The opsono-phagocytic index value in control and neonatally thy-mectomized animals, sensibilized at the age of 8 months is higher than that of the control and neonatally thymectomized animals sensibilized at the age of one.R E F E R E N C E S1. А д o, А. Д. Патофизиология фагоцитов, M., 1961, 295.2. А н и н а - Р а д ч е н к о ,  Н. Д. Журнал микроб, зпидем и иммунол., L949,8, 26—29. !3. В ъ л ч а н о в ,  X.  В. Природа (БАН), 1953, 2, 5, 50—55.4. В ъ л ч а н о в, X. В. Язе. биол. и-т  БАН ,  1954, 5, 411—418.5. В ъ л ч а н о в, X. В. Фагоцитоза, атроцитоза и имуногенеза, С., БАН. 1966.6. Г е л ь д н е в а, А. Г., И. Н. И в а ш у р о в а. Труди  Туркменск. мед. и-та,Ашхабад, 1960, 10, 153— 158.7. Д  а в W д о в с к и й, Н. В. Геронтология, М., 1966, 300.8. Е л и н, В. Л. Общие вопроси инфекционного и иммунного процесов Киев,1961, 216.9. 3 и н з а р, С. Н. Бюл. жспер. биол. и мед., 1968, 65, 1, 81—83.10. К а п л и н, В. Н. Бюл. жспер. биол. и мед., 1964, 7, 63—66.11. К е м и л е в а, 3 . ,  И. К о з а р о в .  Експерим. мед. и морфол., 1969, VIII, 2,65—69.12. М а р к о в а, И. В. Бюл. жсп. биол. и мед., 1962, 12, 61—63.13. М и л л е р, Д. Патол. физ. и жсп. терапия, 1965, 5, 3— 13.14. Ш о в к у н, А. Г. Сборник научн. трудов, Рост. на Дону, мед. ин-та, 1963,19, 127—136.15. А г с h е г, О. К- and al. Nature, 1962, 195, 191 — 191.16. Н a 1 р е г п, В. N. Rev. Franc. Allerg., 1963, 3, 131—133.ЗФФЕКТ СЕНСИБИЛИЗАЦИИ У МОРСКИХ СВИНОК НА ФОНЕ ТИМЗКТОМИИ НА ФАГОЦИТАРНУЮ АКТИВНОСТЬ НЕЙТРОФИЛЬН Ь1Х ГРАНУЛОЦИТОВТ . Ганчев, И. Козаров Р Е З ЮМЕАвтори нсследовали у 40 морских свинок, разделенних на опитнне н контрольние группи, опсонофагоцитарншй индекс (ОФИ) нейтрофнльннх гранулоцитов. В опьгг- них группах жнвотних — неонатально тимзктомнрованних и сенсибилизированних сивороткон на 1 и 8-мясец устанавливается тенденция к уменьшению ОФИ через 14 дней после сенсибилизации. В контролних группах — нетимзктомированних и сенсибилизированних жнвотних — устанавливается увеличение ОФИ у сенснбили- зированних на 1-месяце н значителное его уменньшение у сенсибилизированних на 8-месяце жнвотних — на 50%. Сравнение ОФИ между тимзктомированньши и нетим- зктомированньши животньши перед сенсибилизацией показьшает более внсокие зна-чения у тимзктомнрованних: у сенсибилизированних на 1-месяце на 36,36% и 30,33% у сенсибилизированних на 8-месяце после т и м з к т о м и и . После сенсибилизации разница является соответствующе 21% и 42,59%. Значения ОФИ у 8-месячних жнвотних больше, чем значения у 1-месячних во веех группах жнвотних.

THE EFFECT OF SENSITIZATION ON PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF PSEUDOEOSINOPHIL (NEUTROPHIL) GRANULOCYTES IN GUINEA PIGS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THYMECTOMY

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THE EFFECT OF SENSITIZATION ON PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF PSEUDOEOSINOPHIL (NEUTROPHIL) GRANULOCYTES IN GUINEA PIGS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THYMECTOMY

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