Altankov, G.

Vasileva, S.

English

Varna Medical University Press: Journals

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF ADHESIVE PROPERTIES OF LYMPHOCYTES IN PSORIASIS PATIENTS ON THALASSOTHERAPY S. Vasileva, G. Altankov Key-words: cell adhesion — lymphocytes — psoriasis — thalassotherapy The pathogenetic mechanisms which determine the development of psoriatic plaque are still unknown. There exist some data that a mononuclear infiltration is formed in the upper layer of the pathologically changed skin that is presented mainly by macrophages (5) and Т-lymphocytes (3). Polynuclear leukocytes mig­rate into the epidermis and form the so-called "Munro's microabscesses" (6). The mechanism of the accumulation of these cells during psoriatic plaque forma­tion is not clarified. There are data indicating that chemotactic, (13), migration (11), and phagocytic (12) properties of peripheral blood lymphocytes are enhanced. Probably these phenomena lie at the root of dermal infiltration formation. Along with that there are data available which show that polynuclear leukocytes of pso­riasis patients possess a strongly increased adhesion ability "in vitro" (14). This fact can also be related to the dynamics of growth of pathologic alterations in pso­riatic lesions. There are no data available about the adherence properties of mononuclear leukocytes including lymphocytes, too. The purpose of the present work was to study the dynamic changes of the ad­hesive properties and lectin-induced adherent response of peripheral lymphocytes in psoriasis patients on thalassotherapy. Material and methods The investigation was carried out on isolated lymphocytes of 39 psoriasis pa­tients aged between 12 and 60 years (20 females and 19 males). Of them 11 patients were in an active stage, 19 ones — in hospital one and 10 ones in regressive stage of the illness. The control group consisted of 31 clinically healthy persons aged be­tween 19 and 52 years (18 females and 13 males). Spontaneous adherence properties of lymphocytes were studied before and after thalassotherapy with a mean dura­tion of 25 days of all patients. Human blood was taken by venous puncture in amount of 5 c c The lympho­cytes were separated after Boyum's method (4) and twofold washed with a buffer saline solution. A necessary concentration of cells was reached in Difco-199 medium (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, USA) enriched with 10 per cent veal em­bryonal serum (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, USA). A spontaneous lym­phocyte adherence (SLA) was determined after modified method of Halliday (8). A lymphocyte suspension (in concentration 2 x l 0 6 cells/ml) was put into Burker's chambers. The incubation was 1 hour at 37 °C in strictly horizontal position. The percentage of adhered cells was determined according to the formula: mean number of cells (square) after washing % spontaneous adhesion - — — n u m b e r Q f c d l s ( s q u a r e ) b e f o r e w a s h i n g XlOO 136 S. Vasileva, G. Altankov The washing was realized by means of taking off the cover glass followed by immersion seven times of chambers into buffer saline solution. Lectin-induced adherent response of lymphocytes ( L I A R L ) which reflects the reactivity of their cell surface during interaction with lectins was determined after Altankov's method (1) by using especially elaborated glass chambers with capacity of 3 ml which were also filled with the obtained suspension (1 x 10 cells/ml) and cultivated 1 hour at 37 °C Half the samples were added 100 mkg/ml6 Phyto-haemagglutinin-P/Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, USA/. The rest were con-trols (spontaneous adherence). A l l the estimations were carried out twofold. The amount of adherent cells was determined after incubation (1) and L I A R L was cal-culated according to the formula: MEAN NUMBER OE C E L L S ON F I E L D + PHA L I A R L - M E A N NUMBER OF C E L L S ON F I E L D — CONTROL Results and discussion The results obtained show that peripheral lymphocytes have the ability for glass adherence at the average 14,55== 1,76 per cent in psoriasis patients before thalassotherapy. Concerning the controls this percentage is 11,9 = 1,4 (see table 1). However, these differences are statistically insignificant (p>0,05). T a b l e 1 Spontaneous lymphocyte adhesion in psoriasis patients before and after thalassotherapy % Spontaneous lymphocyte adhesion Number x ± S E M C L P Psoriasis patients before thalassothe-rapy Psoriasis patients after thalassothe-rapy Controls (healthy) 34 31 31 14,55-1,76 13,95-1,26 11,9 - 1 , 4 11,15-4-17,95 11,47-4-16,43 9,1 -4-14,7 >0,05 >0,05 S L A of psoriasis patients before thalassotherapy shows a distinct dependence on the stage of the disease. It is 30,0=3,3 per cent (p<0,01) when 8 patients in ac-tive stage are considered. However, it comes up to the controls (12,6=1,5 per cent, p>0,05) in patients in hospital stage while it diminishes statistically reliably (5,35=1,52 per cent, p<0,05) (in 16, respectively 10 patients) (fig. 1). The observed correlation between S L A afid clinical stage of the disease could be in a sense related to the mechanism by which these cells are distributed and pre-cipitated in the organism and, respectively, in pathological focuses, the so-called lymphocyte "homing" (10). It is supported by the data of some authors (15, 16) that psoriatic squamae contain leukotactic substances which are formed during complement activation. The participation of certain chemotactic products in re-lation with abnormal metabolism of arachydonic acid can't be excluded (9). I t Dynamic changes of.. 137 has to be also noted that according to R. H . Cormane et al . (6) some antibodies against cell nuclei of basal layer of intact skin transported by the membranes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes are detected in psoriasis patients. This, therefore, allows to suppose the participation of a specific mechanism of cell accumulation in skin infiltrate. n-8 ПЧ6 л-10 n=7 n=/3 пЧО n-31 Before taLassotherapy After talassotherapy Control Fig . 1. Lymphocyte adherence in patients with psoriasis, according to the disease act ivi ty , before and after thalassotherapy Favourable results from thalassotherapy (moderate, strongly expressed improve­ment and clinical healing (remission) were observed in most patients. The cl i­nical effect corresponded with the tendency towards equalization of SLA rates in single patients' groups with these of the controls: in the active stage — 13,93=3,22 per cent; in the hospital one — 13,18=2,06 per cent, and in the regressive one — 15,42=2,07 per cent. However, the results obtained about L I A R L rates in single clinical patients' groups before and after thalassotherapy, on the one hand, and in control persons, on the other, did not demonstrate any reliable differences (see table 2). A l l that testifies that the established changes of initial adherence properties of lymphocytes must be related not with local, membrane changes but, more pro­bably, with the presence of certain definite changes of cell micromedium. It is con­firmed by the data that leukocytes including lymphocytes, too, can actively mo­dify their adhesive properties in the presence of humoral factors (2, 7). Based on the results about spontaneous and lectin-induced properties of lym­phocytes we are allowed to conclude that: 1. They contribute to the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of formiug the pathologic changes in psoriasis. 2. This index can be successfully used as an impartial criterion for determi­nation of prognosis in psoriasis patients. 138 S. Vasileva, G. Altankov T a b l e 2 Lectin-induced adherent response of lymphocytes (relative units) in psoriasis patients depending on the stage of the disease (before and after thalassotherapy) Lectin-induced adherent response of lymphocytes Number x ± S E M C L P Psoriasis patients before thalassotherapy 32 2 ,06-0 ,12 l,83=—2,29 >0,05 Active stage 9 2 ,08-0 ,37 1,23-5-2,93 >0,05 Hospital stage 15 2,03—=0,16 1,7 -r-2,36 >0,05 Regressive stage 8 2 ,06-0 ,27 1,45-5-2,67 >0,05 Psoriasis patients after thalassotherapy 37 2 ,16-0,08 1,99-4-2,23 >0,05 Active stage 8 2 ,16-0 ,11 1,92-ь2,4 >0,05 Hospital stage 19 2,23=£0,14 1,94-5- 2,52 >0,05 Regressive stage 10 2,09-=0,14 1,77-5-2,41 >0,05 Controls (healthy) 14 2 ,11-0,08 1,93-5-2,29 >0,05 R E F E R E N C E S 1. А л т ъ н к о в , Г. Метод за количествено определяне на адхезивни свойства на лим фоцити към имобилизиран субстрат. Рационализация. Удост. № 1203/14. X . 1982 г. 2. А л ­т ъ н к о в , Г. Канд. дис. Варна, 1983. З. В j е r k е, J . R . , Е. К- К г о g h, R . М а г -t r е. J . Invest. Dermatol., 71 , 1979, 340—343. 4. В о у u m, A. Scand. J . Labor. Invest., 21, 1968, 77—87. 5. В r a u n - F a 1 с о, О. In : Psoriasis. Proc. Internat. Symp., Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1971, p. 215. 6. C o r m a n e , R . H . , J . H u n y a d i , F . H a -m e r l i n c k . J . Dermatol., 3, 1976, 247—259. 7. С u r t y s , A . , M. d e S о u s a. Na­ture New Biol., 451, 1973, 244—300. 8. H a l l i d a y , Q. J . Canzer Res., 39, 1979, 558 — 563. 9. H a m m a r s t r o m , S., et a l . J . Invest. Dermitol., 73, 1979, 180—183. H u d ­s o n , L . , F . C. H a y . Practical Immunology. 2. ed. Oxford, etc. Blackwel l Sc i . Pub l . , 1980. 11. K r u e g e r , G . G . , et a l . J . Invest. Dermatol., 71 , 1978, 195—201. 12. L a n g -n e r , A . , et a l . Cutan. Immunopathol., 80, 1Э78, 465—168. 13. M i с h a е 1 s s о n, G . Brit. J . Dermatol., 103, 1980, 351—355. 14. S е d g w i с k, J . , P . R . B e r g s t r e s s e r , E . R . H u r d. J . Invest. Dermatol., 74, 1980, 81—84. 15. T a g a m i , H . , S. О f u j i . Brit. J. Dermatol., 95, 1976, 1—8. 16. T a g a m i , H . , S. О f u j i . Acta Dermato-Venerol., 58, 1978, 401—405. ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ АДГЕЗИВНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ЛИМФОЦИТОВ ПРИ ПСОРИАЗЕ И ЭФФЕКТ АКТИВНОГО МОРЕЛЕЧЕНИЯ С. Василева, Г. Алтынков Р Е З Ю М Е , Исследованы адгезивные свойства человеческих периферических лимфоцитов у 31 здо­рового донора и у 39 больных псориазом. Процент адгезивных клеток у здоровых индивидов оказался 11,9 % =-1,4, а у больных — 14,55 % =- 1,76. Установлена хорошо выраженная корреляция между клиническими стадиями заболевания и процентом спонтанной адгезив-ности лимфоцитов: в прогрессирующей стадии —• 33,0 %=- 3,3 (р 0,01), в станционарной ста­дии — 12,6 %-= 1,5 (р 0,05), а в регрессирующей стадии — 5,35 %=- 1,52 (р 0,01). После активного морелечения эти показатели изменяются с тенденцией к возвращению J K норме. 

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF ADHESIVE PROPERTIES OF LYMPHOCYTES IN PSORIASIS PATIENTS ON THALASSOTHERAPY

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DYNAMIC CHANGES OF ADHESIVE PROPERTIES OF LYMPHOCYTES IN PSORIASIS PATIENTS ON THALASSOTHERAPY

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