Manolova, A.

English

Varna Medical University Press: Journals

R E L A T I O N B E T W E E N PROFESSIONAL A B I L I T Y OF LINOTYPISTS AND SOME PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL F E A T U R E S OF T H E I R ORGANISMS A. Manolova The presence of various qualificative groups among the so called "common professions" in the investigations of numerous authors indicate the necessity of working out a criterion for the professional ab i l i ty wi th any profession. One of these professions is that of the l inotypist . The analysis of the lat-ter determines special requirements to his organism. Based on the data of this analysis certain physiological functions are considered: strength, mobi-l i t y , balanced processes, interrelations between the cortical and subcortical brain structures, motor and visual analysators, stable and reactive attention, operative memory. Thus , during the education of linotypists their professional-adaptive process finishes at the end of the second year; therefore, we presume that in the third year of their professional education, specially those who have already professional habits, they reach already the level of the aforementioned phy-siological functions as it is in the older l inotypists. I n our present study we investigated graduates from the Professional School, who are able or disable to work in the field of l inotyping, as we l l as professional l inotypists w i th various duration of practice and different level of qualification. The used methods are applied in the everyday practice of the Insti tute of Hygiene of Children and Young People, Moscow, U S S R ; the methods are rel iable, easy to perform and can be applied in wider scales for s imi lar massive investigations. Results and discussion Mobility of nervous processes: The evaluation of the base nervous proces-ses according to the frequency of rhythm gradient studied after the modified method of R . L . Rabinovich shows certain differences between the different groups of investigated objects. R h y t h m of 1.0 H z is accepted by a l l of them. I f it is 1.5 H z only the group of disable for that profession objects shows a de-finite impossibility to perform, whereas the rest groups accept it readily; how-ever, there is a stat ist ical difference (p = 0.02) only between able and disable for the profession objects. Signals of 1.75 H z require a proper response only in the group of high-qualified workers and greater part of able for the profes-sion pupils; s tat ist ical re l iab i l i ty (p=0.02) between same groups as above. L igh t signals w i th a frequency more than 1.75 H z can not be accepted by any of the objects of a l l groups. The analysis of the mobil i ty of i r r i ta t ive and depressive processes accord-ing to the speed of interchange of both ( E E G ) also shows certain differences between the studied groups, respectively, various level of professional abi-l i t y . Due to the index of mobil i ty of the i r r i ta t ive process, the group of disable Relation between professional. 89 objects reacts averagely 36.376 msec (p^O.OOl) later than those of the group ©f qualified l inotypists. As for the graduates from the Professional School the delay was 51.567 msec (p=0.001) . According to the index of mobil i ty of depressive process in a l l groups of professionally disable objects the time du-ration between the stimulation and muscular response was greater than that in the professionally able objects: qualified workers — 28.445 msec ( p ^ O . O l ) , graduates — 59.934 msec (p = 0.001). Therefore, the mobil i ty of both proces-ses is considerably higher in the qualified workers than those who were di-sable for l inotypist 's profession. Motor analysator: B y using the "tapping-test" we established conside-rable differences in the ac t iv i ty of the motor analysator. Th i s index in both groups professionally able objects (qualified workers and graduates) is re l iably high (p = 0.001). However, the graduates according to this index almost reach the level of the qualified workers. Visual analysator: The function of ophthalmometer is one of the most suitable out of a l l functions of the visual analysator. On table 2 can be seen that the slightest mistake was established in the group of qualified l inotypists and very near to them come the graduates who are professionally able. As for the disable for their profession, both— workers and graduates, their mis-take was considerably bigger than that of the former group, at p = 0 . 0 0 1 . Attention: Most important complex for proper professional ab i l i ty of the linotypists is the s tabi l i ty and rapid interchange of reactions which was pro-ved by our study too. The qualified workers and professionally able graduates provided more stable and rapid interchange of attention when compared to that of the group of disable workers and graduates (p^O.OOl); however, the level of this index is almost equal for both, qualified workers and graduates who were able for their profession. The investigated indexes for a balance of the nervous processes, interre-lations between cortical and subcortical brain structures, operative memory, etc. did not show reliable differences between the various representatives of the studied groups wi th various professional ab i l i t y . Conclusions 1) The present study proves that the l inotypist 's profesion requires an exact professional selection, based on the individual psychophysiological differences. 2) S ta t i s t ica l ly reliable differences between the psychophysiological indexes of qualified workers, disable workers, professionally able and disable graduates from the Professional School were established. Thus , functions of physiological react ivi ty of able, compared to the disable objects, were con-siderably higher and more expressed. 3) The professionally able graduates in their third year of education in the school almost reach the level of react iv i ty of qualified l inotypists, which contributes to their readiness for labour ac t iv i ty in this age. 4) The success of professional ab i l i ty of linotypists is related also to the high mobil i ty of both, i r r i ta t ive and depressive, processes of the nervous sys-tem, wel l expressed ophthalmometer, high labour-ability of the motor analy-sator, s tabi l i ty , balance and rapid interchange of attention. 90 A. Manolova ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ М Е Ж Д У У С П Е Ш Н Ы М О В Л А Д Е Н И Е М П Р О Ф Е С С И Е Й Л И Н О Т И П И С Т А И Н Е К О Т О Р Ы М И П С И Х О Ф И З И О Л О Г И Ч Е С К И М И О С О Б Е Н Н О С Т Я М И О Р Г А Н И З М А Л. Манолова Р Е З Ю М Е Исследована зависимость между успешным овладением профессией линотиписта и некоторыми психофизиологическими особенностями организма. Указывается на необхо­димость в правильной профессиональной ориентации, основанной на теории индивиду­альных психофизиологических различий. Анализируются основные параметры профес­сиональной ориентации на группе исследованных лиц. 

RELATION BETWEEN PROFESSIONAL ABILITY OF LINOTYPISTS AND SOME PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THEIR ORGANISMS

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RELATION BETWEEN PROFESSIONAL ABILITY OF LINOTYPISTS AND SOME PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THEIR ORGANISMS

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