Alemu, Biruk

Demeke, Y.

Desta, Hiwot

Elias, B.

Kinati, Wole

Lemma, Mamusha

Mekonnen, Mesfin

Mulema, Annet A.

Wieland, Barbara

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UNLEASHING THE POTENTIAL OF PLANT HEALTHIn celebration ofTransforming gender relations and zoonotic disease risks through community conversations in rural EthiopiaAnnet A.Mulema, Wole Kinati, Mamusha Lemma, MesfinMekonnen, Biruk G. Alemu, Belay Elias, Yifru Demeke, HiwotDesta, Barbara WielandCGIAR International Year of Plant Health Webinar on Integrated Pest and Disease Management, 10 March 2021Introduction• Ethiopia has one of the largest livestock populations and the second largest human population in Africa• About 80% of the population depends on agriculture and has direct contact with livestock or other animals• Ethiopia ranks high in the health burden of zoonotic diseases due to:– Poor livestock management practices, – General lack of knowledge on zoonotic diseases, – Common animal-source food handling and consumption practices• The gender-based differences in roles and power dynamics disproportionately expose household members to the risk of zoonotic diseasesZoonosis and division of labourBrucellosis, Chlamydiosis, Q fever, Anthrax, OrfCampylobacter, Orf Anthrax, Salmonella,  E coliZoonosis and division of labourToxoplasmosis, Q fever, Anthrax, LeptospirosisAnthrax, Leptospirosis, Campylobacter Chlamydiosis, Q fever, Anthrax, OrfZoonosis and division of labourAnthrax, Brucellosis, Q-fever, Orf, LeptospirosisChildren are especially vulnerable:• Less knowledge• Close contact to livestock• Consumption of raw milk • Participatory community engagement and social learning• Community conversations (CC)• We addressed two key questions: – How do CC effect change in gender relations and practices that expose individuals to zoonotic diseases? – Under what conditions does change occur?Action Research• Facilitated discussion and social learning process• Community members work with facilitators to collectively identify and analyze issues most usefully targeted to achieve their goals• Creates an informal interactive space for community members to find solutionsCommunity Conversations• CC piloted in four villages in three woredas (districts) of Ethiopia – Doyogena, Menz Gera Midir, and Menz Mama• CC approach designed and implemented through a sequence of steps– Situation analysis in 2017 using participatory epidemiology and gender analysis techniques.– Designed action research outlined in a CC facilitation guide– Formed a team of local facilitators (women and men) in each site– Engaged a cross-section of the larger community (60-70 participants) – Conducted baseline and end-line studies (mixed methods)Action ResearchProportion of women and men practicing safe handling of livestock and animal source foods050100150200250Women men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women menEat raw meat Drink raw milk Feed your pets rawanimal productsCull sick animals forconsumptionEat animals that diedof diseaseWash hands with soapafter handling animalsBury or burn animalcarcassesSlaughter domesticanimals withprotective equipmentBefore intervention Often (%) Before intervention Sometimes (%) Before intervention Never (%) After intervention Often (%) After intervention Sometimes (%) After intervention Never (%)Conclusions • The CC helped facilitate changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices that expose humans to zoonoses.• There were noticeable changes in attitude and practices among men and women regarding unsafe handling of animals and consumption of animal-source foods.• Self Determination Theory postulates that internalization of new behaviors progresses most effectively if the personal utility of the activity is understood.• The dialogues engaged participants at both cognitive and emotional levels to foster an understanding of the benefits of change.• The effectiveness of the approach depends on social structures and institutions, facilitation skills, complementarity with ongoing interventions that demonstrate the practical value of new knowledge and practices.MoreMulema, A.A., Kinati, W., Lemma, M., Mekonnen, M., Alemu, B.G., Elias, B., Demeke, Y., Desta, H. and Wieland, B. 2020. Clapping with two hands: Transforming gender relations and zoonotic disease risks through community conversations in rural Ethiopia. Human Ecology 48: 651–663.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-020-00184-yThis presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.

Transforming gender relations and zoonotic disease risks through community conversations in rural Ethiopia

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Transforming gender relations and zoonotic disease risks through community conversations in rural Ethiopia

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