Bagnall, R.S.

Worp, K.A.

Leiden University Scholary Publications

The Affairs of a Complex FamilySB XVI 1228«With plate 17Roger S. Bagnall (New York) and Klaas A. Worp (Amsterdam)BGUIV1087 contains an account of payments of taxes on trades from Arsinoe, veryclose in contents and tune to the similar account published as BGU 19. The entirecomplex of accounts is to be dated about A.D. 276 and provides much valuable infor-mation about trades and tradesmen. Two additional fragments in Berlin-Charlolten-burg were published under the number BGUXIU 2280 in 1976. The editor of thisvolume noted that "BGU 1087 recto consists of two large documents—one a contract,the other a record regarding the census—which have been glued together. It is appar-ent that the larger of these two fragments [i.e., BG( ' 2280a| belongs to neither docu-ment since the script and content of the recto side are not at all related to BGU 1087recto." About the smaller fragment (b) he remarked that it "restores the centers ofBGU 1087 VI3—9, which were in part already supplied by Meyer because of their si-milarity to entries in Col. II of the same document" In the text, he printed "Fg. b =BGU 1087 VI 3ff. (underlined)."By coincidence, an edition of the recto of BGU 1087 (i.e., P. BeroL Inv. 13357,kept in Berlin-Museumsinsel) was in preparation at the same time, although it ap-peared only in 1980 (APf 27, pp. 49-54), at the hands of Sijpesteijn and Worp; thetext was reprinted as SB XVI 12288. They did not, however, include the back ofBGll 2280b, which had become available in print only after their article was alreadyin press. This fragment (P. 21484 frag, b) does in fact join P. 13357 (as is recognizedin BL Konkordanz 33), and it contributes to the establishment of the text of the docu-ments on the recto published in 1980. As the editors have observed, the roll used forthe tax records of 276 was formed by gluing together unrelated documents with blankbacks. We deal here, therefore, only with Column I, the part affected by the 'new*fragment It was in fact a concern with the census declaration in this column that ledus to restudy the papyrus.1)This column contains, as the first editors observed, two texts, one concerned with thecensus of 173/4, the other dealing with a renunciation of claim to an inheritance. Theeditors remark, "Der Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden Texten ist uns nicht deut-lich. Wir können nur darauf hinweisen, daß in beiden Texten ein bestimmter Plutionvorkommt (Z. 8 und Z. 12)." From the revised text printed below a closer connec-tion will emerge, but the precise occasion for their collocation remains unknown.') CF. BASF 27 (1990), p. 1 (or the critical studies carried out by Bagnall in connectionwith work on The Demography of Roman Egypt, in preparation by him in collaboration withBruce W. Frier.Archiv für Papyrusforschung 40/1, 1994l ± 9 M ± 4 6 ]t ........ M±*5][ ........ ]«™>l ........... )oo[±33]4 [xa]i \-nj}v TOVTO[V yvvalx}arfjç .[..].[.].« wo \M\aQunxx; (fror) i9 \äaq}it(ov), en' $xal 1)7 [ro|û »y (érovç)teat" oixia(v) ànoyo(aq>ij) dxeye(ài/>aTo) adv roiç yoveêm M Moijgeioçßaaa Jtoani/tévtj bf äp<po6(ov) ÂmUantati nageiißoifä), à\]toy\e(aq>o-Itévrjv) Se xalrit tntv rif nargi ém Mofaaoç, xal éf d/nporégiav tbaxj. lUomftava(érûv) y xal 'flgûova (êrovç) a TOVÇ ôv[o\ pn à*a(y)efQ(<tHttvooç) etimyfyevvri(fiévotf). oiô émôiiw/u. (ërovç) leUramkm Kalaagoç ma xvgiov Mmop) énayo/tévwv y.(2H.)[% xaroxifitaW xal vé[ta]y. 'figiiûv raltavof ro[v] Âxovadàov•EMîl(v) râv èv Àem(vokg) xaroi\x(un>)\ data àwoô(ov)12 [À]3mU(o(vIov) Ilaeeßtßotfc) r (het) Tvßi x- âvei(6tia*x) éf f(énéôui(xe) dnonvqljiaToç) dtiÀ(ot) dtfltnaa9{at) rçîç àieùfoiç IIÀovffamIfèv um o/tonar(ßi<!>) xal opofufrtjgtif), KaHavSâm dé xal Utoegàrn xalEaganiiavi ofiofirir(eioif) TOÎÇ y[â](fijÀ(ifi) Ad TOÔ nKovTii»(voç) ^onoç xal êmreà(aov)' rijç rijfftrrreà(ç) avrw(v) Bavßagiov £agaxlu(vof) too ZaUov "EÀÀrjviôofaxa dlifo8(oe) ÀJwUu>(viov) nagen(ßoMjc) xÀtjQo(vofiia(;) old ro, aç4x70(1 ...].. 0ovA( ) aùrofà) 3teoeH«(sïr) énl iu}6(év) tar Una ......1« xar(ueuf9évna(v). VAC AT(3. H.) Haoûav 6 avremrg[oJKx; xal Ifytooflmf [xal 'Ogiiov öl ß rcUuno]t5é<f'oi 11 roikrocpap. 12 âatm, pap.Tramlation: ... and his wife Thaubarion daughter of Sarapion (son of Zoilos), hermother being Sarapias daughter of NN (son of Maron), 19 yean old, free of scars,who also registered in the house-by-house census of the 23rd year with her parents inMoeris but has now transferred to the amphodon of Apolloniou Parembole, and whois also now registered with her father in Moeris, and the children bom to both ofthem, Ploution, 3 years old, and Horion, 1 year old, both not registered among thenew-boms. Therefore ! submit (die declaration). Year 15 of Aurelius AntoninusCaesar the lord, Mesore epagomenal day 3.(2 H.) From the records of persons subject to seizure and young persons. Horionson of Gaion (son of Akousilaos), Creek, one of the settlers in the Arsinoiie. from theamphodon of Apolloniou Parembole, in the 3rd year, Tyfai 20, extracting from thememorandum which he submitted, declares that he renounces all claim against hisbrothers, Ploution on the one hand being his full brother, Kalandon and Sokrates andSarapion on the other hand, the three, being his uterine brothers, acting through Plou-Bagnall, Worp, The Affairs of a Complex Family 39lion who is also their guardian, concerning the inheritance of their mother Thaubar-ion daughter of Sarapion (son of Zoilos), a Greek woman from the amphodon ofApolloniou Parembole, because ..., as he says, them to start legal preceding« on ac-count of anything of the property left by (their mother?). (3 H.) Pasion the co-guard-ian and Ploulion and Horion, both sons of Gaion, have had an extract made of thetermination of the mortgage which we have made.It is now clear mat the two children declared in the dnoygaqnj of 175 are Ploution.age 3, and Horion, age 1, both children of the same parents. The only other personlisted appears to be a 19-year old, whom we identify as their mother, Thaubariondaughter of Sarapion, in accordance with the reference to her in line 14 of the seconddocument As the first editors observed, the information provided about her here(age, description, former residence) indicates that she is one of the persons declaredrather than the declarant, for whom the information on residence would have oc-curred earlier in the declaration.2) The description of the children as éf àfupmégat inline 8 points to an earlier mention of their father, the description of whom must pre-sumably have occurred in the now fragmentary Unes 1—3. Similarly, the reference to\rrj\v TOVTO\V yvmîx\a in line 4 points to the earlier mention of this man, whom weidentify from the second document as Gaion. The use of the third person, if it is notsimply a grammatical inconcinnity (of which the census declarations do have theirshare), suggests that though the head of household he is not the declarant This third-person reference in introducing the wife, in fact, is found mostly in the listing of AOJ-xoi, lodgers, in households owned by the declarant (A reference to a brother of thedeclarant would also be possible but less likely.)The declaration is dated to 26.viii.175, thus submitted normally in the second halfof the year following that of the census. Thaubarion, 19 in the year of the census, wasborn around 155/6; Ploution and Horion would have been bom around 171/2 and173/4 respectively (we cannot be certain if inclusive or exclusive reckoning wasused). The second document is dated to year 3, Tybi 20. Thaubarion is now dead.The next year 3 after 175 was that of Septimius Severus (194/5), making the date15J.195. Ploution and Horion are now of age, but Thaubarion has left three addi-tional children, their half-brothers, who are still minors. They could thus have beenbom any time up to 194, when Thaubarion would have been about 39. The nextyear 3 (218/9) can be excluded. For one thing, one would expect Aurelius or Auréliawith all of the names; for another, such a late date would push Thaubarion's child-bearing beyond the limits of the possible3) and leave a huge and unlikely gap betweenher first and second families.The second document is an extract from public registers described as [e]x xatox-lfua(r) xal ve[ia\v. From this heading we may deduce that what follows is a summaryrather than the full text of the original, which the many abbreviations and sketchyidentification of some of the persons involved confirm. We find in P. Gen.2) The formulation of this information is somewhat problematic; cf. the line note to 5—8.3) If the youngest of die three were 11 years old, he would have been born in 207,Thaubarion would have been about 52.40 Archiv für Papyrusforschung 40/1, 1994II 101.6—7 the information that one Harpagathes son of Satabous had been found (yié TÔT rrjç râfeuiç xarojcifuav, rendered by the editor a« belonging to "la catégoriedes gens saisissables." He belongs to this category, the writer says, liiç ôoS(eiç) etcoijftooiav xgeiav, "because he has been nominated for a public liturgy." A similarphrase, in a lacunose context, appears in P. Tebt. 11318.21 (rrjc j{d]fea>(x[aro\)[ifiurf). The relevance of the designation here, however, may be nil, since thereference to vécu probably concerns the three minor children from Thaubarion's sec-ond marriage, and it is on grounds of their status that the document in question fi-gured in this particular register.4) The subscription at the end indicates that a mort-gage had been terminated by the document It seems likely that the present documentis Morion's acknowledgment of the end of a mortgage due him from the other broth-ers. Why the two documents are found together remains unclear; we imagine that ithas some connection with inheritance and that both personal identity and propertydispositions naturally come into question in such a matter. But we do not think wecan go further than this.We take the family tree to be as follows:MaronN N - Zoilos N NI ISarapion - SarapiasNN--1 ThaubarionAkousilaos-.- ' GaionKalandon Sokrates Sarapion Horion Ploution1—3 A census declaration would normally begin with the addressee's name and title(or addressees' names and titles), followed by the name and identification of theowner of the property and maker of the declaration. Then comes a description of thehouse property at stake, in which dimygayofiai TOVÇ iatryeyeaiifiévovf évoixovç elfrf/v too ii (fiovç) AvgijÀiov 'Avnovivov Kalonçoç too xvglov xar' oixiav óaoyoaip^vbf à/upàôov NN, perhaps followed with èq>' ai xai tjj rov xy (ftooç) daoygatfg. The exact formulation and order of these elements varies considerably.Cf. P. fieri Leihg. 1 17.6—8. Then comes the enumeration, usually headed by tealelffiv. The name and identification of Gaion probably occupied all of line 3 and per-haps part of fine 2, indicating the loss of at least several lines before the existing re-mains.5 Evidently another name rather than, say, dvyargoc, for which the space is prob-ably a bit short; the initial letter in any case does not appear to be meta.4) One might consider the possibility that xaroxifuo(r) come» from a neuter plural, thingsrather than people, perhaps with reference to Thaubarion's estate. The parallel« cued above,however, do not support such an interpretation.Bagnall, Worp, The Affairs of a Complex Family 415—8 The difficulties of these lines were already described in the cd. princ. The par-allels for the phrase with fieraßamv noiovfiénj are BGU 155 and 137, P. fieriLeihg. 117, and P. Ryt II111, but they provide no good equivalent for what followsthe name of the new amphodon of residence in Une 7. One would expect that insteadof bf $ tea., the text would have run dmryeyga/f/ténjt' tjj too xy (ërovç) xar' oixiavaxoygavjj aw «ü, wvd xA. The best parallel here is BGU 137. The ml thusseems perhaps superfluous. More substantively puzzling, however, is the apparentstatement that Thaubarion is now registered in Apolloniou Parembnles and is also re-gistered with her father in Moeris. We cannot cite any parallel for such a double regis-tration. One would rather expect her father to have stated in his declaration that hisdaughter, listed in his previous declaration, is now registered by her husband. The23rd year (of Antoninus Pius) was 159/160, fourteen years previously.8 Comparing avv ru> naigt with <rm> miç yovevat in line 6, one may conclude matthe mother had either died or been divorced from the father in the interval11 We are not certain that a second hand starts in this line, but the genera] charac-ter of lines 11—16 seems sufficiently different from 1—10 to warrant so indicating it11, 14 For the xâmixoi see D.Canducci, 16475 cateci greci dell' Arsinoite,"Aeffptta 70 (1990) 211-255, esp. 217, 222-224, 241-242; 71 (1991) 121-216,esp. nos. 8, 225, 321. The correct reading ~EUii(v) in place of ed. pr. fyAq(jvm>g)was recognized by D. Hagedom, ZPE 71 (1988) 288 (unknown to Canducci).12ff. The basic construction runs ôrjAâ a<pioraadai rrjç rrjç ftr/Tgàç avrâveavßaßiov xÀtieovopiat;; d. P. Ryi II 117.22.15 The heavy abbreviation here combines with the loss in the lacuna and our in-ability to read the last word in the line to make the syntax and meaning uncertain.Two possibilities occur to us. (1) If Morion's objective is to avoid any litigation withhis brothers once the current document is executed, it is likely that a negative mustbe found in the lacuna, and we must resolve ßovA(ea9ai), understanding "because hedoes not wish them to engage in legal action on any nutter.... "(2) On the other hand,the letter before flooi looks most like a mu, suggesting [av]itßooH(evoa09ai)avTo(vç), "because they had taken counsel together not to take legal action on anymatter..." The name or term at the end of line 15 should, we suppose, refer to Thau-barion, but we have so far been unsuccessful in persuading ourselves that either hername or something like lijf ptftyàç can be read there.17 For avnatrgoaoc see P. Hamb. 170; a verb owsmrgoxewa appears in P. Oxy.H 265.

The Affairs of a Complex Family: SB XVI 12288

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The Affairs of a Complex Family: SB XVI 12288

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