ABSTRACT
Specialised literature presents education and training as a determining factor for entrepreneurship. However, time and time again experts at the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) have stated that it’s one lowest, and sometimes the least, valued elements in this area. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse the state of entrepreneurship education and training in its different stages within the countries and regions that participated in GEM 2012. Specifically, what is sought is, based on the opinion of the experts, the state of entrepreneurship training and education in each level analysed in GEM, generically as well as by country, while looking at the possible differences (strengths and weaknesses) that appear in each one. Furthermore, this is paired with a national analysis that examines the situation of the different participating regions in the study. In order to carry out the analysis, the 2012 NES database is used. In that edition, a total of 69 countries participated and, in the case of Spain, there were 14 regions all with 36 experts in each. The data processing is carried out using the Rasch model for measurement. The preliminary results show that, in general, university level education geared towards entrepreneurship is more highly developed than at the lower levels of education, such as in secondary and primary education. Nevertheless, the individual analysis makes it possible to detect differences between countries and regions. La literatura especializada presenta a la educación y formación como un factor determinante del emprendimiento. Sin embargo, reiteradamente los expertos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) han puesto de manifiesto que es una de las condiciones del entorno peor valoradas, en muchos casos la más deficiente. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar, basándonos en la opinión de los expertos, el estado de la educación y formación empresarial, en sus diferentes etapas, en los países y regiones que han participado en el GEM 2012. Concretamente, se pretende conocer el grado de desarrollo alcanzado en cada uno de los niveles que se analizan en el informe GEM, tanto genéricamente como por país, analizando las posibles diferencias (fortalezas y debilidades) que aparezcan en cada uno. Además, esto se completa con un análisis de ámbito nacional, analizando la situación de las diferentes regiones españolas participantes en el estudio. Para la realización del análisis se utiliza la base de datos NES 2012. En dicha edición participaron un total de 69 países y, en el caso de España, 14 regiones, contando en cada caso con 36 expertos. El tratamiento de los datos se realiza mediante el uso de la Teoría de Medición de Rasch. Los resultados muestran que, en general, la enseñanza universitaria orientada al emprendimiento está más desarrollada que las enseñanzas de niveles inferiores, como pueden ser la secundaria y la primaria. No obstante, el análisis individual permite detectar diferencias entre los países y las regiones.
ABSTRACT
Specialised literature presents education and training as a determining factor for entrepreneurship. However, time and time again experts at the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) have stated that it’s one lowest, and sometimes the least, valued elements in this area. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse the state of entrepreneurship education and training in its different stages within the countries and regions that participated in GEM 2012. Specifically, what is sought is, based on the opinion of the experts, the state of entrepreneurship training and education in each level analysed in GEM, generically as well as by country, while looking at the possible differences (strengths and weaknesses) that appear in each one. Furthermore, this is paired with a national analysis that examines the situation of the different participating regions in the study. In order to carry out the analysis, the 2012 NES database is used. In that edition, a total of 69 countries participated and, in the case of Spain, there were 14 regions all with 36 experts in each. The data processing is carried out using the Rasch model for measurement. The preliminary results show that, in general, university level education geared towards entrepreneurship is more highly developed than at the lower levels of education, such as in secondary and primary education. Nevertheless, the individual analysis makes it possible to detect differences between countries and regions.