C.M., Santosh Kumar

English

Open Access Repository of Indian Theses

SynopsisThe Arunachal Pradesh state in India is epidemic for malaria, caused by P.vivax and P.falciparum. Despite the implementation of several control strategies, the outbreak of malaria in the state is mainly due to lack of proper information regarding the disease. Hence, we completed a database to help implement appropriate control strategy for the public health officials in Arunachal Pradesh. Despite of all the efforts under NMEP, malaria continues to pose a serious threat. Hence, there is a need for an alternate technology for efficient targeting of malaria in this region. Here, we present application of Self-Organizing maps (SOM), a powerful data mining technique for prioritization of control operations.Malaria continues to pose a serious threat to public health in North- Eastern states of India. Arunachal Pradesh is highly endemic for Malaria predominately with Plasmodium falciparium infections. Despite continuous efforts by government, a desirable level of control has not been achieved. The present study describes the application of self organizing maps (Kohonen maps), a data mining tool for prioritization of malaria endemic zones in this region. 60 PHCs (Public Health Centers) were randomly selected from Arunachal Pradesh and 6 malariometric parameters via Annual Blood Examination rate (ABER), Annual Parasite Incidence (API), Slide Positivity Rate (SPR), Annual Falciparum Incidence (AFI) and Slide Falciparum Rate (SFR) were considered which reflected the intensity of malaria transmission in this region. Self Organizing Maps yielded 9 clusters based on neighborhood distance, which reflects about zones based on status of intensity of malaria epidemiology. Such maps would make it possible to target control measures at high-risk areas and greatly increase the cost efficiency of malaria control programmes.Malaria remains the leading cause of deaths attributable to a communicable disease globally, with an unprecedented death toll of over 2 million per year. The reemergence of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, the most fatal human malarial parasite, has focused attention on Shikimate pathway, as it may provide the urgently required novel drug targets owing to lack of homologs of enzymes involved in the this pathway in humans. Chorismate Synthase, the key enzyme of Shikimate pathway, catalyzes the conversion of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate to Chorismate via a 1, 4-trans elimination of phosphate. The strict requirement for a reduced flavin mononucleotide and the anti 1, 4 elimination are both unusual aspects which make CS reaction unique among flavin-dependent enzymes, representing an important target for the chemotherapeutic agents development. The protein sequence of Chorismate Synthase containing 527 residues was obtained from NCBI. The enzyme was characterized using in silico tools. The secondary and tertiary (3D) structure of the enzyme was predicted using CS from other species and validated by various structural quality validation tools. Results of the current study will provide a deep insight about the structure and function of Chorismate Synthase and aid in rational drug designing.

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http://eprints.csirexplorations.com/105/1/Abstract.doc

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