Background: Two rotavirus vaccines have been availablefor use. The objectives of the study to examine disease burdenof diare rotavirus and the cost and effectiveness of a rotavirusvaccination program in Indonesia.Material and Methods: Data on direct and indirect costs ofchildren with rotavirus diarrhea were established in PurworejoDistrict and Yogyakarta city. It was extrapolated to nationalestimates on the basis of the projected birth cohort in 2007and diarrhea morbiditity rate at national level. The main outcomemeasures were economic burden and cost-effectiveness ratio(Rupiah per DALY averted).Results: The disease burden is equivalent to an economicburden of an estimated Rp390.4 billion in medical direct costs,Rp 67.3 bilion in nonmedical direct costs, and 70.4 billion rupiahin indirect costs. From the health care system and communityperspectives, universal vaccination of infants at a cost of lessthan US $12,7 for a vaccine dose would be a cost-effective ofpublic health intervention.Conclusions and Recommendation: In Indonesia, rotavirusvaccination would reduce the morbidity burden of rotavirusinfection, but would not be cost-effective unless the price ofvaccine decreased considerably. At the current price ofvaccine, universal vaccination program for rotavirus wouldnot be recommended.Keywords: burden of disease, rotavirus diarrhea vaccine,cost-effectivenes
