The basic objects of the ADHM construction are reformulated in terms of
elements of the Aθ(R4) algebra of the noncommutative Rθ4
space. This new formulation of the ADHM construction makes possible the
explicit calculus of the U(2) instanton number which is shown to be the product
of a trace of finite rank projector of the Fock representation space of the
algebra Aθ(R4) times a noncommutative version of the winding number.Comment: 22 pages, new version to appear in Phys. Rev.