U ovom završnom radu opisani su i analizirani sustavi za ubrizgavanje goriva Dieselovih
motora. Ponajprije je prikazan sam princip rada Diesel motora kroz četiri takta. Ujedno je i
navedena glavna razlika u odnosu na Otto motor, a to je da se kod Diesel motora ubrizgava
gorivo u već komprimirani zrak u cilindru, dok se kod Otto motora u cilindar ubrizgava
prethodno stvorena smjesa goriva i zraka. S obzirom na to da je sustav ubrizgavanja goriva
jedna od najbitnijih stavki što se tiče razvoja Diesel motora, u sljedećem poglavlju je detaljno
opisan proces ubrizgavanja i izgaranja goriva u cilindru ovog tipa motora. Osnovna zadaća
svakog sustava ubrizgavanja je dobaviti gorivo iz spremnika, potom ga stlačiti na određeni tlak
i fino raspršiti u prostor izgaranja u cilju postizanja potpunog izgaranja smjese. Da bi se
ostvarilo potpuno izgaranje, mekan i pravilan rad motora, potrebno je međusobno uskladiti rad
svih komponenti sustava ubrizgavanja kako ne bi došlo do kvara samog motora. Nadalje, u radu
su prikazane dvije izvedbe Diesel motora, odnosno dva tipa ubrizgavanja goriva. Razvojem
visokotlačnih pumpi i brizgaljki kroz povijest ostvaruju se visoki tlakovi ubrizgavanja koji
rezultiraju velikim opterećenjima pogonskog mehanizma. Zbog tog nedostatka počinju se
primjenjivati motori s indirektnim ubrizgavanjem, to jest različitim izvedbama pretkomora.
Motori s indirektnim ubrizgavanjem zahtijevali su ugradnju uređaja za hladan star koji je
stvarao dodatne troškove i probleme. Uvođenjem predubrizgavanja goriva u sam proces
ubrizgavanja, rješava se problem visokih tlakova izgaranja te se ponovno počinju primjenjivati
motori s direktnim ubrizgavanjem, koji su zahvaljujući svojim karakteristikama danas postali
nezamjenjivi. U zadnjem poglavlju analizirani su različiti sustavi ubrizgavanja goriva, od starih
mehanički reguliranih visokotlačnih pumpi pa sve do suvremenog elektronski reguliranog
Common rail sustava te rad njihovih glavnih komponenti.In this final paper, fuel injection systems of the Diesel engines are described and analysed. First
and foremost, the principle of operation of Diesel engines through four strokes is displayed. It
also contains the main difference compared to the Otto-engine, which is that with Diesel
engines the fuel is being injected into the already compressed air in the cylinder, while
discussing the Otto-engine, a previously created mixture of fuel and air is injected into the
cylinder. Given that the fuel injection system is one of the most important steps regarding the
development of Diesel engines, the next chapter contains a detailed process of the injection and
combustion gas in the cylinder of this type of engine. The main task of each injection system is
to obtain fuel from the tank, then compact it on a certain pressure and finely disperse in the
combustion space in order to achieve complete combustion of the mixture. To achieve complete
combustion, i. e. soft and proper operation of engine, it is necessary to synchronize the work of
all components of the injection system to avoid malfunction of the motor itself. In addition, the
paper presents two performances of Diesel engines, that is, two types of fuel injection. The
development of high-pressure pumps and injectors throughout history helps in achieving a high
injection pressures that result in large loads of the drive mechanism. Because of this
disadvantage, the engines with indirect injection, that is, with different performances of the
antechamber are applied. Engines with indirect injection had called for the installation of a cool
start device which created additional costs and problems. By introducing the fuel pre-injection
into the fuel injection process itself, a problem of high combustion pressures is fixed and the
engines with direct injection are back in use, which due to its characteristics, have become
irreplaceable. The last chapter analyses the different fuel injection systems, from old
mechanically controlled high-pressure pumps all the way up to modern electronic regulated
Common rail system, and the work of their main components
