Ovim radom je obuhvaćena spoljnotrgovinska razmjena Bosne i Hercegovine (BiH) proizvodima ribarstva za petogodišnji vremenski period (2010-2014). Cilj ovog rada je sagledavanje trgovinske razmjene proizvodima ribarstva (CT 0301-0307) BiH, te najčešćih destinacija u pogledu izvoza i uvoza. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da vrijednosti uvoza nadmašuju vrijednosti izvoza čime BiH u okviru glave 3 harmonizovanog sistema carinske tarife bilježi deficit u spoljnotrgovinskoj razmjeni. Analizirajući strukturu navedene glave pojedine carinske tarife i pored toga imaju pozitivne bilanse, ali nedovoljne za pokrivanje ukupnog deficita u okviru ribe i ljuskari, mekušci i ostali vodeni beskičmenjacima. BiH izvozi proizvode ribarstva uglavnom regionalnim partnerima u Srbiju i Hrvatsku, dok je uvoz najvećim dijelom iz zemalja EU

Glamuzina, Branko

Kanlic, Vera

Ostojic, Aleksandar

Pavlicevic, Jerko

Rozic, Irena

Savic, Nebojsa

English

CaSA NaRA

VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - ZBORNIK PREDAVANJA 407FOREIGN-TRADE EXCHANGE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA WITH FISHING PRODUCTSJERKO PAVLIČEVIĆ,1 ALEKSANDAR OSTOJIĆ,2 BRANKO GLAMUZINA,3 NEBOJŠA SAVIĆ,2 IRENA ROZIĆ,1 VERA KANLIĆ41 Faculty of Agronomy and food chemistry, University of Mostar, Biskupa Čule 10, B&H2 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovića 1a,RS, B&h3 University of Dubrovnik, Department of aquaculture, Cira Carica 4,Dubrovnik, Croatia4 Government of Republic of Srpska, Ministry of agriculture, forestry and water management, Trg Republike Srpske 1, Banja luka, Republic of Srpska, B&hSPOLJNOTRGOVINSKA RAZMJENA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE PROIZVODIMA RIBARSTVAApstraktOvim radom je obuhvaćena spoljnotrgovinska razmjena Bosne i Hercegovine (BiH) proi-zvodima ribarstva za petogodišnji vremenski period (2010-2014). Cilj ovog rada je sagledavanje trgovinske razmjene proizvodima ribarstva (CT 0301-0307) BiH, te najčešćih destinacija u po-gledu izvoza i uvoza. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da vrijednosti uvoza nadmašuju vrijed-nosti izvoza čime BiH u okviru glave 3 harmonizovanog sistema carinske tarife bilježi deficit u spoljnotrgovinskoj razmjeni. Analizirajući strukturu navedene glave pojedine carinske tarife i pored toga imaju pozitivne bilanse, ali nedovoljne za pokrivanje ukupnog deficita u okviru ribe i ljuskari, mekušci i ostali vodeni beskičmenjacima. BiH izvozi proizvode ribarstva uglavnom regionalnim partnerima u Srbiju i Hrvatsku, dok je uvoz najvećim dijelom iz zemalja EU. Ključne riječi: izvoz, uvoz, trend kretanja, destinacija Keywords: export, import, trend, destinationINTRODUCTIONFish is highly valued food and it is in demand on the market. It has a major significance in the nutrition of people and its consumption has been increased since 1995 when the world began to realize its nutritional value (Baltić et al. 2009). Fishing, with its full economic, tech-408 VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGSnological, social and other segments can be a significant factor in the common development of local (B&H) food production (Pavličević, 2004). B&H represents a small consumer portion, but that should not be an obstacle to the appearance of many countries with rich offer of fish and fish products in it. B&H has a significant hydro-potential, about 10.000 km of running watercourses, 400 ha of natural lakes, 18.207 ha of water accumulations, 3.300 ha of carp ponds and 10 ha of trout ponds. The length of sea coast is 24 km, and the sea surface covers 1.400 ha (Pavličević et al. 2011, 2014). The aim of this work is to observe trade exchange of the fishing products (CT 0301-0307) of B&H and the most common destinations concer-ning the export and import. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the purposes of this work a research has been conducted by the collection of se-condary data from the Indirect Taxation Authority of B&H. This research refers to the five years period (2010-2014). It analyses the structure of export and import of fish, crustaceans and molluscs, as well as the most important destinations of export and import. Considering the type of used data, the method “desk research” has been applied. For the tracking of total import and export values a method of trends has been used. The selection of the best adapted trend line has been made on the basis of the value of standard error of the trend. The descripti-ve statistics for the analysis of the observed phenomena has been applied and the stability of the import and export has been observed through the variation coefficient (CV). The intensity of the increase or decrease has been analysed with the usage of annual average increase rate. According to the harmonized customs tariff system (CT 01-24) of B&H, the article three „fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other water invertebrates” except from the customs tariff 0308 (“water invertebrates except from the crustaceans and mollusc”) has been analysed for the purposes of this work.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONExport of the fishing products During the analysed period B&H has achieved an average value from the export of fishing products (CT 0301-0307) of 17 million BAM. The intensity of the trend of the observed phe-nomena is best represented by the parabolic trend ŷt = 17829.5429 + 495.8*x – 64.5714*x**2, whereas the deviation of actual value from the trend line is Sy = 978.6421. The export of the fishing products from B&H has a positive increase rate and during the observed period it has been increased on an average annual rate of 4.41%. During the period from 2010 to 2014 on the level of the article 3 its value was in a range from 15 to 18 million BAM (Table 1). VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - ZBORNIK PREDAVANJA 409table 1. Export of fishing products according to their type from 2010 to 2014 (value is shown in BAM) CT ProductYear2010 2011 2012 2013 20140301 Live fish 3.642.993 3.660.903 3.421.449 2.688.444 1.932.5950302 Fresh or cooled fish 5.504.268 6.084.916 6.833.853 6.034.263 6.081.9520303 Frozen fish 1.723.068 1.461.285 928.132 982.877 721.0220304Fish fillets and other fish meat, fresh, cooled or frozen 290.425 53.937 145.539 26.864 19.2080305 Dried fish, salted or in brine, smoked fish 3.570.426 2.947.745 1.196.359 1.516.009 677.4820306 Live, frozen or dried crustaceans 245.354 5.275 10.508 94.700 21.1050307 Live, fresh, frozen, dried molluscs 918.435 4.780.903 4.224.382 6.617.459 9.437.614TOTAL 15.894.968 18.994.963 16.760.222 17.960.616 18.890.979From the analysis of the structure within the article 3 it is evident that B&H has achieved the highest average value of export in terms of customs tariff 0302 with around 6 million BAM. Except from this customs tariff, others had negative trend rates for the observed period. It is interesting that the most intensive increase was registered with CT 0307, that is, with products that are produced in very small amounts in B&H. According to the data of Pavličević et al. (2014), the production of molluscs in B&H is limited to small amounts and its total is around 70 tons pro year.table 2. Export of fish, crustaceans and molluscs from B&H (2010 - 2014)Customs tariff Average (000 BAM)variation intervalCv (%) variation rate (%)min max0301 3.069.2 1.933 3.661 24.38 -14.650302 6.107.8 5.504 6.834 7.76 2.530303 1.163.2 721 1.723 35.59 -19.570304 107.2 19 290 106.44 -49.410305 1.981.4 677 3.570 61.78 -34.010306 75.4 5 245 134.84 -45.890307 5.195.8 918 9.437 60.42 79.061 € = 1.955830 KM (BAM), Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina on April 28th 2010.The most intensive decrease of the export from B&H has been registered for the group of products 0304. The export of this group of products has been almost halved, that is, it is decre-ased for 49%. In the export structure of article 3 the tariff 0302 is dominant with the proportion of 35%.B&H mostly exports to Serbia and Croatia, and a bit different situation is with the export of „live, fresh, frozen, dried molluscs“ which is directed to the countries of EU. 410 VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGSImport of fishing products During the period 2010-2014 B&H registered higher values of import over export for the observed customs tariffs. Similar to the export, parabolic trend curve best represents the empirical data (ŷt = 26248.6 + 1247.3*x – 56.5*x*2) with deviation of actual value from the trend line being Sy = 894.1303. Import has increased during the given period on the average annual rate of 5.7%. Average import of fishing products amounted 26 million BAM, name-ly, its range was from 23 to 29 million BAM, with the CV of 8.47%. table 3. Import of fishing products according to their type from 2010 to 2014 (shown in BAM)CT ProductYear2010 2011 2012 2013 20140301 Live fish 580.613 870.775 1.785.475 2.215.279 1.975.6220302 Fresh or cooled fish 2.301.381 2.481.724 1.308.197 1.603.411 1.250.1660303 Frozen fish 8.990.561 8.970.373 10.249.897 8.991.608 9.493.4820304Fish fillets and other fish meat, fresh, cooled or frozen 4.659.424 5.131.761 6.223.730 5.040.249 5.085.8600305 Dried fish, salted or in brine, smoked fish 471.128 360.677 778.472 409.746 587.5010306 Live, frozen or dried crustaceans 1.592.089 1.490.974 1.684.350 1.487.847 2.482.5770307 Live, fresh, frozen, dried molluscs 4.709.076 5.720.947 5.315.587 6.145.762 8.231.392TOTAL 23.304.272 25.027.231 27.345.707 25.893.903 2.9106.600By observing the import structure (Table 4), the greatest value was recorded in terms of customs tariff 0303 (9.3 mill. BAM). The increase of this group of products in terms of the article 3 is very modest and it amounts 1.4%. This is affirmed by the CV which indicates a pretty stable import trends for this product (5.94%). The most intensive variation  rate (35.8%) has been marked with CT 0301 despite the fact that the value of this article in relati-on to the other customs tariffs is the smallest and it amounts in average of 1.4 million BAM. Negative rate in the increase (-14.2%) of the import was only registered with CT 0302.table 4. Import of fish, crustaceans and molluscs to B&H (2010 - 2014) Customs tariff Average (000 BAM)Variation intervalCV (%) Variation rate (%)min max0301 1.485.6 581 2.215 48.30 35.800302 1.788.8 1.250 2.482 31.86 -14.150303 9.339.2 8.970 10.250 5.94 1.370304 5.228.2 4.659 6.224 11.24 2.220305 521.5 361 778 31.98 5.700306 1.747.6 1.488 2.483 23.98 11.750307 6.024.6 4.709 8.231 22.28 14.98VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - ZBORNIK PREDAVANJA 411The most stable import is the one of products from CT 0303 and 0304 with CV from 5.94% and 11.24%. In the structure of B&H import the most common proportion during the five years period is in average connected to CT 0303 with 35.7%.Observation of destinations from which the fishing products have been imported to B&H indicates that the destinations from region are not as represented as in export. Domi-nant place in the countries of region takes Croatia, concerning the import for CT 0301 and 0302. Its proportion when it comes to these two groups is 58% and 70% and this is also sup-ported by the quotes of Knjaza (2007) that Croatia has a positive trend in terms of export of freshwater fish to the countries of EU and Macedonia, B&H, Serbia and Montenegro. Balance of foreign trade with fishing products (CT 0301-0307)Chart 1. Balance of total foreign exchange of fish, crustaceans and molluscsB&H has accomplished a negative balance from foreign trade during the analysed period in terms of the article 3. Average deficit for the period 2010-2014 amounted around 8 milli-on BAM. It can be concluded that both the trend of export (CvE=7.63%) and import CvI= 8.47%) were stable, when observed on the whole level. Export and import have positive average increase rate pro year, but the variation rate of the import (5.72) is more intensive in relation to that of export (4.41). This data explains the deficit due to the fact that the import of fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other water invertebrates to B&H is more intensive than the export (Chart 1). According to the shown data, B&H had a constant deficit during the observed period in terms of foreign exchange with the fishing products (CT 0301-0307). The increase of deficit in 2014 in relation to 2013 for almost 30% is worrying. This sector has a high level of coverage of imports by exports considering the situation of B&H in frames of agro-industry sector, which shows the more significant deficit according to the results of Ostojić et al. (2010). Vlahović et al. (2011) believe that the exchange deficit could be eliminated also by the improvement of the products quality, by applying the marketing concept and by improvement of technical-techno-logical production, what can affect the price competitiveness of agricultural and food products. The level of coverage of imports with exports was averagely 68%, and maximal value of 75% was realized in 2011 (Chart 2). 412 VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGSChart 2. Balance of foreign trade exchange according to CT (0301-0307)During the whole period CT 0302 have positive balance and the average surplus was around 1.5 mill BAM. Also, the CT 0305 indicates a positive exchange trend with a ten-dency of constant decrease and if that continues it will most likely have a negative trend in the following period. It can be generally observed that CT 0301 had a tendency of decrease and a negative trend in the last year of the observed period, CT 0302 had a positive trend, CT 0303, 0304 and 0306 indicate a permanent deficit with increase tendency and CT 0307 had a negative balance until 2012, which became positive since 2013 with an increase tendency of export in relation to the import. This is considered interesting due to the fact that this production is on a very modest level in B&H. CONCLUSIONGenerally, it can be concluded that B&H had a more intensive import of fishing products than export during the observed period for CT 0301-0307.The value of import increases on a higher average annual level than the value of export. Analysis of the observed time period, on the basis of standard errors established that the parabolic trend expresses the long-term development tendency in trends of export and import in general (“fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other water invertebrates”). In the total export structure the highest proportion take products from the group “fresh and cooled fish”, whereas in the import the group „fro-zen fish”. Certain customs tariffs from the article 3 of the harmonised system also indicate surplus in the foreign exchange, mostly the products from the group “fresh and cooled fish”; however this is not enough to compensate the decrease trends of exports in relation to the imports for other groups of products. We can determine a high level of coverage of imports with exports for the fishing products (average 68%) in relation to other agro-industry pro-ducts. B&H exports most of its products to the countries in region, mostly to Serbia and Croatia, whereas the proportion of the import from the countries of region is negligible. The existing trade exchange deficit should be decreased through the improvement of the quality of export products, through the improvement of technical-technological production and marketing. VII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “WATER & FISH” - ZBORNIK PREDAVANJA 413REFERENCESBaltić, Ž.M., Kilibarda, N., Dimitrijević, M. (2009): Significant factors for the sustainabi-lity of fish and selected fish products in trade. Meat technology 50, 1-2, p. 166-176.Vlahović, B., Tomić, D., Kuzman, B. (2011): External trade of agro-industrial products of Serbia and Croatia. Journal of economics and politics of Transition. Year XIII, No. 27.Knjaz, V. (2007): Freshwater fishing of Republic of Croatia. Fishing, 65, 2007, (3), p 111-121.Ostojić, A., Komić, J., Drinić, Lj., Rokvić, G., Mrdalj, V. (2010): Analysis of import and export tendencies of fresh vegetables in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia’s 45th and 5th International Symposium on Agriculture, Opatija. p 298-302.Pavličević, J. (2004): Potential of fishing market in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovi-na, Agronomic journal, Zagreb 1-2, p 17-32.Pavličević, J., Savić, N., Muhamedagić, S., Glamuzina, B., Mikavica, D. (2011): Fishing in B&H, V International conference „Aquaculture and fishing“- Conference proceedings, Beo-grad – Zemun. p 41-47.Pavličević, J., Savić, N., Glamuzina, B. (2014): Aquaculture and fishing, situation and perspectives in Bosnia and Herzegovina, University of Mostar, Mostar, p 247.

Spoljnotrgovinska razmjena Bosne i Hercegovine proizvodima ribarstva

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Spoljnotrgovinska razmjena Bosne i Hercegovine proizvodima ribarstva

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