[[alternative]]Technology construction mechanisms for improving end-to-end delay and throughput for ZigBee wireless networks

Abstract

碩士[[abstract]]物聯網即透過特定的網路技術，使普通物品實體之間能夠相互溝通的網路。物聯網在運輸和物流領域、健康醫療領域範圍、智慧環境（家庭、辦公、工廠）領域以及個人領域等，具有十分廣闊的市場和應用前景。ZigBee是位於物聯網中一種重要的通訊技術。隨著物聯網發展，網路中裝置的越來越多，為滿足需求IETF工作小組提出構建在IEEE802.15.4網路基礎上，支持IPv6資料轉換與傳輸6 LoWPAN協議(IEEE 802.15.4e)。IEEE 802.15.4e的MAC Behavior中，應用範圍最廣的是TSCH模式。TSCH模式支持多頻道的傳輸來提高網路的吞吐量，但協議中並沒有有效的方法來避免裝置之間的資料碰撞，多跳結構時資料的傳輸延遲將異常高。本論文提出一種行之有效的機制，在提高網路吞吐量的同時，避免碰撞、降低網路的平均端到端延遲。實驗模擬顯示，本論文提出的機制將有效提高TSCH網路的吞吐量，降低網路中裝置的端到端延遲。[[abstract]]The Internet of Things (IoTs) has obtained much attention recent years. The internet of things (IoTs) is the internetworking of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable these objects to collect and exchange data. IoTs is already used in many application domains, ranging from traditional environmental monitoring and location/tracking applications to industrial and healthcare applications. ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level communication protocols used to create personal area networks with small, low-power digital radios It is follow with breathless interest because of its energy saving and convenient networking. On February 6, the IEEE Standards Association Board approved the IEEE 802.15.4e MAC Enhancement Standard document for existing standard 802.15.4. TSCH is one of the access behavior modes defined in the IEEE 802.15.4e standard. It combines time slotted access with multi-channel and channel hopping capabilities, providing predictable latency, high network capacity, and high communication reliability. But TSCH doesn’t provide a reliable mechanism to avoiding the packet collision. The packet collision will cause the network throughput reduction and the Average End-to-End addition. So in this paper, we will approve a mechanism to solving the problem. We evaluate its performance, through analysis and simulation, in terms of the network throughput and the Average End-to-End delay. We found that the mechanism will void the packet collision, so that it can raise the network throughput and reduce the Average End-to-End delay.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 圖目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ 表目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅷ 第一章、緒論---------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1 簡介---------------------------------------------------------------------1 1.2 背景知識---------------------------------------------------------------4 1.3 TSCH模式------------------------------------------------------------5 1.3.1 網路的組網-------------------------------------------------------5 1.3.2 裝置之間的資料傳輸-------------------------------------------6 1.3.3 TSCH模式下的問題--------------------------------------------8 第二章、網路環境與問題描述----------------------------------------------11 2.1 網路場景--------------------------------------------------------------11 2.2 問題描述--------------------------------------------------------------11 2.3 網路限制--------------------------------------------------------------14 2.3.1 干擾限制---------------------------------------------------------14 2.3.2 碰撞限制---------------------------------------------------------15 2.3.3 狀態限制---------------------------------------------------------15 2.3.4 傳輸限制---------------------------------------------------------15 2.3.5 資料量限制------------------------------------------------------16 第三章、最大化吞吐量降低平均端到端延遲機制----------------------17 3.1 符號與計算-----------------------------------------------------------17 3.1.1 裝置的頻道干擾----------------------------------------------18 3.1.2 裝置的頻道狀態-----------------------------------------------18 3.1.3 裝置的工作狀態-----------------------------------------------18 3.1.4 裝置接收資料的干擾-----------------------------------------18 3.1.5 裝置發送資料的干擾-----------------------------------------20 3.1.6 link受到與造成的干擾--------------------------------------21 3.2 網路構建-------------------------------------------------------------22 3.2.1 EB廣播---------------------------------------------------------22 3.2.2 link建立--------------------------------------------------------24 3.3 時槽分配-------------------------------------------------------------28 第四章、實驗與仿真-------------------------------------------------------------32 4.1 場景參數-------------------------------------------------------------32 4.2 資料傳輸成功率-------------------------------------------33 4.3 網路的資料傳輸量-------------------------------------------------34 4.4 網路的平均端到端延遲-------------------------------------------36 第五章、結論-------------------------------------------------------------------37 參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------------------38 附錄-英文論文-------------------------------------------------------------------41 圖目錄 圖1、物聯網三層構架----------------------------------------------------------2 圖2、6TiSCH網路構架---------------------------------------------------------3 圖3、Multi-Slotframe的構架-----------------------------------------------6 圖4、TSCH模式中的link-----------------------------------------------------6 圖5、TSCH模式中的資料傳輸-----------------------------------------------7 圖6、TSCH模式中的cell結構-----------------------------------------------9 圖7、WiFi網路對ZigBee網路的干擾------------------------------------10 圖8、Shared link模式中的碰撞---------------------------------------------11 圖9、Multi-Slotframe結構圖---------------------------------------------------19 圖10、〖矩陣Φ〗_3 ^Rece---------------------------------------------------------------20 圖11、〖矩陣Φ〗_3 ^Send---------------------------------------------------------------21 圖12、網路結構圖-------------------------------------------------------------23 圖13、Multi-Slotframe結構圖-----------------------------------------------23 圖14、〖矩陣Φ〗_1 ^Rece---------------------------------------------------------------26 圖15、〖矩陣Φ〗_3 ^Send---------------------------------------------------------------27 圖16、〖矩陣Φ〗_(3→1)^(x, q)---------------------------------------------------------------27 圖17、Multi-Slotframe結構圖------------------------------------------------28 圖18、多個鄰居請求時槽分配-----------------------------------------------30 圖19、Multi-Slotframe結構圖------------------------------------------------31 圖20、網路中裝置分佈示意圖-----------------------------------------------33 圖21、一步鄰居的數量對資料傳輸成功率的影響-----------------------34 圖22、網路的資料傳輸量-----------------------------------------------------35 圖23、40個時槽網路的資料傳輸量----------------------------------------35 圖24、網路的平均端到端延遲----------------------------------------------36 表目錄 表1、符號表----------------------------------------------------------------------12 表2、網路參數-------------------------------------------------------------------32[[note]]學號: 601411456, 學年度: 10