Bolsen, Wes

English

Engineering Conferences International

Licensing Cellulosic Biofuel Technology TodayAdvanced Biofuels: Commercializing the Efficient Syngas-to-Ethanol PlatformWes BolsenSr. Executive & VP, Government AffairsCoskata, Inc. 2Coskata envisions being a leader in syngas conversionCoskata Vision:To be the global leader in the  synthesis gas-to-biofuels and chemicals platform, beginning with cellulosic ethanolWe will achieve this through technology development, licensing as well as owning and operating facilities, and providing onsite products and services3Acetogenesis(single organism)CO22[H]HCOOH4[H][CH3]-THF[CH3]-[Corrinoid-Protein]CO2[CO]Methyl BranchCarbonyl Branch2[H]Acetyl-CoAEthanolButanolAnaerobic C1 Metabolism: AcetogenesisButyryl-CoAAcetateCO, H2, CO2AcetogenCarbohydrateLiquid fuels and chemicals from renewable and alternative feedstocks4Coskata’s proprietary technology drives efficiencyMicroorganisms utilize the chemical energy of the syngas to selectively produce ethanol Coskata’s anaerobic bacteriaconsume both CO and H2, allowing efficient conversion across the range of H2:CO ratios6 CO + 3 H20      C2H5OH + 4 CO26 H2 + 2 CO2      C2H5OH + 3 H20Innovative bioreactor designs drive maximum productivity5Coskata has unsurpassed anaerobic research and development capabilities• Complete anaerobic bacteria strain management facility capable of advancing native strains through guided mutation and selection • New native strains have been isolated and advanced, and patent applications filed • Nutritional requirements have been discovered, and the commercially viable strains are capable of autotrophic growth.Lab and Pilot Facility2 liter fermenter 14 liter fermenter6Coskata operates a custom built High Throughput Screening laboratory• Coskata operates the only anaerobic HTS laboratory in the world.  • Ongoing random mutational work is focused on species novo patents, and continued improvements to the ethanol organisms7051015202530352002 2007 2012 2017 2022Other advancedCellulosicConventional (corn)Source: RFA; U.S. CongressU.S. biofuel consumptionBillion gallons Energy Act of 2007 targets 36 billion gallons, 16 billion of which must be cellulosic Meeting cellulosic target is possible but we need to start building TODAY:• Takes 2-3 years from today to build a commercial scale facility• Scale up to 36 billion gallons is possible based on evidence from 2007-08 corn ethanol capacity growth rate  Coskata’s licensing model can help enable this capacity growth• Multiple licensed facilities can proceed in parallel• Multiple discussions currently ongoing with licensees• Significant uptake in facility construction projected once first commercial plant is completedMeeting the US Government cellulosic biofuel mandate will take enduring government policyRFS “mandate”60% GHG reduction by definition8• Fuels• Power• Bio-productsBiochemicalConversion• Enzymatic hydrolysis• FermentationThermochemicalConversion• Gasification • CatalysisBiomass• Energy crops• Residue harvestingFlex Ethanol will involve several technologiesDOE is targeting 2 major pathways for cellulosic biofuelsCoskata’s Hybrid Gasification + Fermentation (thermo-biological) technology combines the best of both routesSource: DOE Biomass program presentation to Governor’s Ethanol Coalition, Aug. 20, 2008Products9Advantages over other pathwaysGasification +Enzymatic CatalyticFeedstock Flexibility No Yes YesEthanol Specificity Yes No YesYield*(gal/dry ton)~55-85 76-89** ~100* Best estimates from publicly available data** Chemical catalysis yield estimate from 2012 NREL targets (76 for ethanol, 89 for all alcohols)Source:  Press; DOE; Company reports 910A “Feedstock Flexible” process will help the industry to rapidly growCellulosic ethanol:Projected biomass sources100%= 1.3 billion dry tonsCorn (6%)Crop residues (31%)Forest resources(27%)Energy crops(28%)Other(8%) READY TODAY Able to be made from any carbon source Billion ton report estimates over 1/3rd of gasoline can be replaced Use of locally grown resources enhances energy securitySource:  “Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: Technical Feasibility of a Billion Ton Annual Supply,” 2005, DOE and USDA11Coskata is building facilities and licensing technologyHighest provenconversion efficiency of: 1 ton = ~100 gal.Cost competitive with gasoline at oil prices todayFeedstock and geographicflexibility with gasification12Co-location can result is substantial financial synergiesExcess steam can be shared in the adjacent core processRaw Materials Procurement• Corn stover• Corn fiber• Wood biomass• Municipal waste Shared Infrastructure• Wastewater Handling & Treatment • Chemicals Storage• Utilities• Road, Rail, etc.13The GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) ModelVehicle Cycle GREET 2.7• Developed at Argonne since 1995 with the support  of DOE• More than 100 fuel production pathways from various feedstocks• More than 75 vehicle/fuel systemsWell to WheelsFuel Cycle GREET 1.7www.transportation.anl.gov/software/GREET14Electricity Co-Generation and Steam Export Reduce GHG Even Further-55%-61%-72%-56%-78% -82%-120%-80%-40%0%Stand-aloneStand-alone,cogenCo-locatedStand-aloneStand-alone,cogenCo-locatedGHG reductions relative to conventional gasoline 40%  moisture feed 20%  moisture feedProcess B-65%-71%-82%-67%-95% -96%-120%-80%-40%0%Stand-aloneStand-alone,cogenCo-locatedStand-aloneStand-alone,cogenCo-locatedGHG reductions relative to conventional gasoline (%)40%  moisture feed 20%  moisture feedProcess A15Conclusions Energy and emission profiles of cellulosic ethanol produced from the Coskata process showed a typical second generation biofuel; it is comparable with other woodchip based biofuel production process Both stand-alone / co-gen and co-located / steam export cases can achieve substantial oil and fossil savings from wells to wheels  Oil: 71% - 84% Fossil: 73% - 100% In comparison with conventional gasoline, cases with power co-gen and steam export can avoid additional greenhouse gas burdens  61% - 82% with wet feed (40% moisture)  78% - 96% with dry feed (20% moisture)16Successful technology roll-out planLighthouse (2009)Semi-Commercial Madison, Pennsylvania• Minimum engineering scale (linear scale-up to commercial production)• Front-end biomass gasifier• Will test multiple commercial-scale bioreactor and separations designs Flagship (2012)Commercial ProductionLocation TBA• 50-60 MM Gallons / yr• Multiple gasifiers that process ~1500 dry tons/day of biomass• Cost competitive with gasolineHorizon (2008)Integrated ProcessingWarrenville, IL Integrated processing system with methane thermal reformer, multiple bioreactor designs, and distillationCurrently Operating Currently Operating Under Development17Integrated Biorefinery demonstrates commercial readiness• Technology scaled successfully• Operating results prove Coskata ethanol yield at more than100 gallons/dry ton:• Proprietary bioreactors are providing excellent mass transfer of syngas to our proprietary microbes• Steady-state ethanol concentrations are sufficiently high to drive the distillation/separation• Produces only fuel-grade ethanol• Completes design details for commercial facilities • Proves commercial viability on multiple feedstocks, enabling multiple commercial licenses18Stirred-Tank Column Type MembraneIndustry Standard Coskata’s proprietary design  Advanced bioreactor design utilizing membranes.Key Equipment: BioreactorsCOSKATA CONFIDENTIAL19Coskata’s first commercial facilityCutout of Coskata’s “Flagship” commercial plant design“Project Flagship” will: Produce 55 million gallons of fuel-grade ethanol  Be located in the Southeast United States Utilize 1.0-1.2 million green tons of wood biomass* Create over 700 direct and indirect green jobs Represent the world’s first commercially viable, feedstock flexible ethanol plant Enable acceleration of licensed facilities* Green tons refer to total tonnage of biomass including moisture.  For wood biomass moisture typically makes up ~50% of the total mass.Front-end Engineering Design complete20Coskata has strong technical team20Over 50 Employees75% in R&D and EngineeringOver half of R&D staff with PhDs.Experience from leading industrial companies including Eli Lilly, Abbott Labs, UOP, Dow Chemical, Nalco, and more.21Coskata technology vetted by strong partners2122Commercialization of feedstock flexible ethanol is a boon to the economyCreate more than 1 million new jobsJobsCongressional imperativeSource:  BIO estimates, Coskata estimates on 55 Mil gallon plant, EPA’s RFS2 rule*  Based onEPA estimates in RFS2 ruleEconomic GrowthRural DevelopmentGreenhouse gassesPotential impact from 36 billion gallons of biofuelsReduce $560 billion in foreign oil dependenceImprove rural economies – a single plant can add >$30 mil to local incomeReduce GHG by 70% -130%*23Enduring government policy is requiredTax Incentives• Biofuel Investment Tax Credits (ITC) must be enacted to spur jobcreationAlternative financing mechanisms for technology roll-out:• USDA and DOE biofuel loan guarantees have a reasonable assurance of payback, and Congress needs to press for the deployment of funds in the near termProduction incentives• Performance contract that pays for actually delivering the first billion gallons of cellulosic biofuels24Licensing Cellulosic Biofuel Technology Today25Coskata’s integrated biorefinery process

Advanced Biofuels: Commercializing the Efficient Syngas-to-Ethanol Platform

https://dc.engconfintl.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=co2_summit

Advanced Biofuels: Commercializing the Efficient Syngas-to-Ethanol Platform

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