Hossain, Mohammad M.

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Engineering Conferences International

Investigating the insecticidal activity 1of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose bio-oilMohammad M. HossainMESc  CandidateDept. Of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringThe Univ. Of Western OntarioLondon, Ontario, CanadaIntroduction• Agricultural and forestry residues areprimarily composed of:• lignin (L)• cellulose (C)• hemicellulose (H)• C and H have industrial use (e.g., in2paper production)• 40-50 million tons of L per annumproduced worldwide, currently a wasteproduct• Biomass conversion to produce highvalue pesticidesIntroductionBiomass L C H OtherEucalyptus 29 48 14 9Sugarcane 11 22 15 52Corn stover 17 36 23 243• Biomass contains varying proportions of lignin, cellulose andhemicellulose• Bio-oils from a range of biomass have varying insecticidalactivityObjectives• Compare the insecticidal activity of bio-oils produced from L,C and H biomass components• Compare the insecticidal activity of the mixture of bio-oils(Loil+Coil+Hoil) and mixture of biomass (L+C+H)• Synergy?– Greater than additive effects4– Lower concentrations can be used:• Smaller environmental impact• CheaperDefinitions:Mixture of Bio-oils = bio-oils produced from individual biomass components were combined on the basis of their yieldMixture of Biomass = bio-oil produced from combination of biomass components in equal partsExperimentalBiomassLignin• particle size < 200 µm• derived from wood• Organosolv ligninCellulose5• particle size < 500 µm• derived from plant sourceHemicellulose• particle size < 800 µm• obtained from birch woodExperimental6• Fluidized bubbling bed of sand• Pyrolysis at 550°C• Vapor Residence Time: 2.3 sExperimentalCPB 2nd instar larvae bioassay• Potato leaf (Solanum tuberosum var. Kennebec) discs weretreated with control or bio-oil (150 µl)• Five Colorado potato beetle 2nd instar larvae (Leptinotarsadecemlineata (Say)) were placed on each treated disc• Mortality of larvae was recorded after 48 h7• All insect bioassays were held in an environmental chamber at25° C, 50% RHExperimentalDetermination of LC50Example: LC50 (mg/ml) of the lignin bio-oil0.60.70.80.91% mortality800.10.20.30.40.50 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4% mortalitylog ( dose )LC50ExperimentalSynergism DeterminationS= M [XL /L+ XC /C+ XH /H]M, L, C and H : LC50s of the mixture of bio-oils, and L, C, and HoilsXL, XC, XH : weight fractions of L, C, and H oils in the mixture9of bio-oils• S > 1 (Antagonistic toxicity) • S = 1 (Additive toxicity) • S < 1 (Synergistic toxicity)Marking, L.L., Method for assessing additive toxicity of chemical mixtures. 1977, 99–108.ResultsBio-oil yield (%) from L, C and H and mixture of biomass60708090100Yield ( % )1001020304050L C H Average ofindividual L, Cand HL+C+H Types of bio-oilYield ( % )ResultsL more effective insecticide than C and H bio-oil60708090100110LC 50 ( mg / ml )1101020304050L C HTypes of bio-oilLC 50 ( mg / ml )48 h LC50 (95% C.I.) values for L, C and H bio-oil with 2ndinstar Colorado potato beetleResultsL, C and H bio-oil combination produced antagonistic effect (S= 1.36) 60708090100110LC50 ( mg/ ml )1201020304050L C H L oil+C oil+H oil L+C+H Types of bio-oilLC50 ( mg/ ml )48 h LC50 (95% C.I.) values for L, C, H, mixture of bio-oil andmixture of biomass with 2nd instar Colorado potato beetleResultsCombination of C and H bio-oil produced synergistic effect (S = 0.82)60708090100110LC 50 ( mg / ml )1348 h LC50 (95% C.I.) values for C, H and Coil + Hoil with 2nd instar Colorado potato beetle01020304050C H C oil+ H oilTypes of bio-oilLC 50 ( mg / ml )ResultsNo interaction between L bio-oil fractions (additive toxicity , S= 0.98 ≈ 1)60708090100LC 50 ( mg / ml )1401020304050L Lc aq Lc tar LespTypes of bio-oilLC 50 ( mg / ml )48 h LC50 (95% C.I.) values for L, Lc-aq, Lc-tar, and Lesp with 2nd instar Colorado potato beetleConclusion• To maximize the insecticidal activity:(1) Separate lignin fraction and pyrolyze it(2) Use only the lignin ESP bio-oil fraction15• Further research is recommended to investigate the toxicity ofthe mixture of bio-oils in which the L content is higher thanthe other two principal componentsFuture ProjectsSeparation and identification of active lignin ESP bio-oil componentsHPLC chromatograph for lignin bio-oil sampleX X X X16Time (m) 0 2 20 25 30 31 40Water 90 75 25 0 0 90 90Acetonitrile 10 25 75 100 100 10 10AcknowledgmentsDr. Ian M. Scott (AAFC)Dr. Brian D. McGarvey (AAFC) Dr. Ken Conn (AAFC)Dale MacArthur (AAFC)Bob Pocs (AAFC)Luis A. Caceres (UWO)Dr. Ken K.-C. Yeung (UWO)17Dr. Lorenzo Ferrante (UWO)Dr. Franco Berruti (UWO)Dr. Cedric Briens (UWO)

Investigating the insecticidal activity 1 of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose bio-oil

https://dc.engconfintl.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&amp;context=bioenergy_iii

Investigating the insecticidal activity 1 of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose bio-oil

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