Roesner, Larry A.

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Engineering Conferences International

Engineering Conferences InternationalECI Digital ArchivesFifty Years Of Watershed Modeling - Past, PresentAnd Future Proceedings2012A Framework for Watershed Modeling & TheNeed for an Integrated Urban Water System ModelLarry A. RoesnerColorado State University, USAFollow this and additional works at: http://dc.engconfintl.org/watershedPart of the Civil and Environmental Engineering CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Proceedings at ECI Digital Archives. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fifty Years OfWatershed Modeling - Past, Present And Future by an authorized administrator of ECI Digital Archives. For more information, please contactfranco@bepress.com.Recommended CitationLarry A. Roesner, "A Framework for Watershed Modeling & The Need for an Integrated Urban Water System Model" in "Fifty Years OfWatershed Modeling - Past, Present And Future", A.S. Donigian, AQUA TERRA Consultants; Richard Field, US EPA (retired);Michael Baker Jr., Inc. Eds, ECI Symposium Series, (2013). http://dc.engconfintl.org/watershed/950 Years of Watershed Modeling ConferenceSeptember 24-26, 2012Engineering Conferences InternationalBoulder, COLarry A. Roesner, Ph.D., P.E.Professor Emeritus, Civil and Environmental EngineeringColorado State UniversityA Modeling FrameworkWERFStormwater Challenge (06-SW-1)Linking BMP Systems Performance to Receiving Water Protection to Improve BMP Selection and DesignDevelopment TeamColorado State UniversityAC Rowney, LLCGeosyntecCDM-SmithGoal of SW Challenge 06-SW-1To link BMP control effectiveness for specific pollutants and flow to receiving water loadings, impacts and water quality objectives to improve selection and design of BMP systems. Focus Areas of the Challenge Build a Modeling Framework that allows users to link the watershed model of their choice to the receiving water model of their choice Include BMP performance algorithms that are practical and represent the water quality behavior of BMPS Include uncertainty in pollutant removal estimates for BMPs and resulting uncertainty in receiving water concentrations Include Decision Support Tools to help users evaluate the relative effectiveness of alternative stormwater management scenariosSelect Parameters:Water Quality, Biologic, and GeomorphicEvaluate Land Use Patterns & Define Goals:Water Quality, Biologic, and GeomorphicUrban Water Resources ManagementStormwater ControlsSet Land Use & Stormwater Management CriteriaAssess Impacts:Water Quality, Biologic, and GeomorphicThe Concept of the FrameworkToolBox Functional RepresentationConverters ConvertersWatershed Data Meteorological Data Flow DataSWMMWinSLAMMWASPQUALHYMOWinDETPOND RunQUALVisual and Tabular OutputsWhole Life Cost ModelWatershed Models(and local data)Selected Discrete DataTime Series DataConverters Converters ConvertersBMP Models(and local data)Receiving Water Models(and local data)Spreadsheet Model Spreadsheet ModelSpreadsheet ModelMajor Components of the ToolboxOver All Model Development PathwayWatershed(QH-WATERSHED)Receiving waters(QH – REACH)BMP-0(Extended Detention:Cu, Bactii, TSS(5)BMP-1(Added types and params)Watershed(SWMM)Receiving WatersTime Series Analysis(Graphs, statistics)Reports(Simple mass balance)Cost(WERF, Ext. Det.)Cost(WERF, other BMPs)Context specific diagnostics/analyses (TMDL etc.)Version 0 - Q4/2011(Test Release)Version 1 - Q2/2012(First Production Release)DSS ElementsSimulation ElementsReportsFRA(Extended Stream Model)Receiving Waters(Lake and Estuary)Watershed(HSPF, SELECT)Groundwater(MODFLOW)Extended Capabilities(Graphs, Stats, Regression)Version 2 - Q4/2012(Expanded Capability Release)Graphics(2D/3D)Version 3 (Future Extension)((More tables & synopses)MEWORKBMP-2(Additional BMPs/parameters)BMP-3(Enhanced BMPs/parameters)Receiving Waters(WASP ?)Note: The product will be freely available and open code There is no proprietary software or coding The product will be documentedA Beta version is currently available and we would love to have you try itLarry A. Roesner, Ph.D., P.E.Professor Emeritus, Civil and Environmental Engineering50 Years of Watershed Modeling ConferenceSeptember 24-26, 2012Engineering Conferences InternationalBoulder, COColorado State UniversityTreatmentplantSupplyDistributionThe Urban Water SystemTreatmentplantDisposalCollectionDrainageTreatmentplantSupplyDistributionBut Who is Thinking about the System?TreatmentplantDisposalCollectionDrainageProblems with our current systems First, they are old, and in a deteriorated condition Water Supply systems Water loss due to leakage Maintaining water quality at the tap  (?bottled water?) Most drinkable water is used for non-potable uses Wastewater systems Rainfall related inflow and infiltration Costly wastewater treatment Stormwater systems System deterioration Increased flooding downstream Public and aquatic health threats from CSOs and untreated stormwaterOperations Library District, 3.2%Utility Finance & Budget, 3.2%Others, 5%2009 DataSystem operation is expensive-- Energy use by the City of Fort CollinsServices, 37.6%Parks, 8.8%Poudre Fire Authority, 3.5%Traffic, 2.3%Utilities Water Production, 12.9%Utilities Water Reclamation & Biosolids Div, 23.4%Source: City of Fort Collins Open Book Project36%What is Graywater (Greywater) Graywater is water from sinks, showers, bathtubs and laundry machines It does not include water from kitchen sinksMalmo, SwedenGraywater Quality Graywater contains soap products and anything washed from body or clothes Organics BacteriaMinimal compared to blackwater Considerations for reuse Nutrients Salts PathogensPlumbing aHousehold Graywater SystemConventional PlumbingNote:  A graywater system also includes the clothes washerX           XMalmo, SwedenApartment or office building graywater systemTo SewerWater for Toilet FlushingWater for PlantsPlaces Using Graywater Australia – extensive use Landscape irrigation and toilet flushing in apartments Singapore, Hong Kong- extensive use Europe – scattered use Toilet flushing United States Extensive use for landscape irrigation in California, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas Pilot applications for apartments in several statesGraywater production in the USALeaks9.5 gal/cap/d, 13.7%Dishwashers  Bath 1.2 gal/cap/d, 1.7%Other Domestic 1.6 gal/cap/d, 2.3%Shower 11.6 gal/cap/d, 16.7%Household Graywater Production(family of four, gpd)- Bath           4.8 - Shower    46.4  - Washer    60.0- Faucets   43.61.0 gal/cap/d, 1.4%Faucets  10.9 gal/cap/d, 15.7%Clothes  Washer 15.0 gal/cap/d, 21.6%Toilets 18.5 gal/cap/d, 26.7%Source:  AWWARF- Other         6.4TOTAL    161   gpd1128 g/wk- Toilets        74   gpd518 g/wk- Irrigation   610 g/wk(waters 300 plants or 1000 ft2 of grass)Graywater56%Advantage of Graywater Reuse Potential to reduce potable water demand by 50% Potential to reduce wastewater flows by 50% Potential to treat the more highly concentrated blackwater with Anaerobic Digestion rather that Aerobic changing wastewater treatment from an energy consuming process to an energy producing process!Course FilterStorage TankHousehold GraywaterDrip IrrigationInfluentcoarseRoesner Graywater Systemto outsideoverflowfilterpumpdrainGraywater IrrigationGraywater QualityGraywater Blackwater Domestic WWConsituent Range (mg/L) Range (mg/L) Range (mg/L)COD 77 – 240 806 - 3138 250 - 800BOD 26 – 130 410 - 1400 160 - 300Sources:  Palmquist & Hanæus 2004 & Eriksson et al. 2003 TSS 7 – 207 920 - 4340 390 - 1230Total-N 3.6 – 6.4 130 - 180 20 - 70Tot-P 0.28 – 0.779  21 - 58 4 - 121 - 20Multi-Family ResidencesApartment BuildingsUniversity DormsEvolved Graywater System for Toilet FlushingNeighborhood Scale Water and Wastewater Treatment-- Eliminates potable water deterioration in distributionsystem-- Reduces (eliminates) combined sewer overflows-- Provides opportunity for  an energy producingwastewater system rather than energy consuming-- May reduce water infrastructure maintenance costsMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Finished Water- Fire DemandP G BP G BApartment/Residence/Office/CommercialMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationReceiving WatersP G BMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Finished Water- Fire DemandP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageGraywater•Treatment•StorageApartment/Residence/Office/Commercial• Saves water• Reduces wastewaterMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationReceiving WatersP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Finished Water- Fire DemandApartment/Residence/Office/CommercialNeighborhood scale graywater management•Saves water• Reduces WastewaterMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationReceiving WatersP G BTAdvanced Ideas Anaerobic treatment of black water (toilets and kitchen sinks)o Produces energy rather than consume it!o Pilot testing is being conducted at Colorado State University. Graywater Separation with Anaerobic Treatment of BlackwaterGreen EnergyGraywaterBlackwaterAnaerobic DigesterCompostHigh NLow PathogenP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageGraywater•Treatment•StorageMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Finished Water- Fire DemandApartment/Residence/Office/Commercial• Saves water• Reduces wastewater• Produces energyMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMNeighborhood/CommunityWastewater System- Anaerobic TreatmentMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationXReceiving WatersEnergyP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Finished Water- Fire DemandApartment/Residence/Office/CommercialNeighborhood scale graywater management• Saves water• Reduces wastewater• Produces energyMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMNeighborhood/CommunityWastewater System- Anaerobic TreatmentMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationXReceiving WatersEnergyP G BTMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Raw Water- Fire DemandNeighborhood/Community Water System- Finished WaterP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageFire DemandDistributionSystemGraywater•Treatment•StorageApartment/Residence/Office/Commercial• Saves water• Improves streams• Reduces wastewater• Produces energy• Better drinking waterMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMNeighborhood/CommunityWastewater System- Anaerobic TreatmentMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationXReceiving WatersEnergyP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageStormwatr•Treatment•StorageMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- Raw Water- Fire DemandNeighborhood/Community Water System- Finished WaterP G BTP G BTGraywater•Treatment•StorageFire DemandDistributionSystemApartment/Residence/Office/CommercialNeighborhood scale graywater management• Saves water• Improves streams• Reduces wastewater• Better drinking water• Produces energyMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMNeighborhood/CommunityWastewater System- Anaerobic TreatmentMunicipal Storm Water SystemIrrigationXReceiving WatersEnergyP G BTStormwatr•Treatment•StorageBut we also need a cost model(Whole Live Cost) Treatment Costs – (capital and O&M) WaterGraywater Wastewater Stormwater Transmission/Collection Systems Water, Wastewater Stormwater

A Framework for Watershed Modeling & The Need for an Integrated Urban Water System Model

https://dc.engconfintl.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&amp;context=watershed

A Framework for Watershed Modeling & The Need for an Integrated Urban Water System Model

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