TC: Association between Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2 and myocardial infarction in the Chinese Han population. Clin.Cardiol

Abstract

Purpose: The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 (PPARγ2) gene is reported to be associated with diabetes. However, the gene's association with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been investigated in numerous epidemiologic studies with controversial results. This metaanalysis aimed to collectively assess the association of the Pro12Ala polymorphism with DR in T2DM. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted on PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Internet. A dominant model [(Pro/Ala +Ala/Ala) versus Pro/Pro] was used to ensure adequate statistical power. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the fixed effect model. Potential sources of heterogeneity and bias were explored. Results: This meta-analysis included genotype data from 2,720 cases with DR and 2,450 controls free of DR from eight eligible publications. The results showed the Ala allele had a protective effect on DR in T2DM (OR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.68-0.98, p=0.03). There was no significant evidence against homogeneity (I 2 =46%, Pheterogeneity=0.07). The sensitivity analysis showed a robust association of the Pro12Ala polymorphism with DR in T2DM after a study involving Caucasians that presented a big effect on heterogeneity (OR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.91, p=0.003) was excluded. Possible ethnic differences in the association of the Pro12Ala single nucleotide polymorphism and DR were demonstrated; a significant association was illustrated in the Caucasian subgroup (OR=0.74; 95% CI: 0.59-0.94, p=0.01) but was not found in the Asian subgroup (OR=0.77; 95% CI: 0.55-1.07, p=0.12). No publication bias was observed. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested a significant association exists between the Pro12Ala polymorphism and DR in T2DM with ethnic differences. The Ala allele had a significant protective effect against DR in T2DM. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the fifth most common cause of irreversible vision loss in working-age adults in the world, accounting for approximately 4.8% of global blindness Epidemiologic studies suggest that the severity of DR closely correlates with the glycemic level and diabetes duration The frequency of the Ala allele of the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene has been reported to range from 2% to 18% in healthy people Recently, some reports demonstrated that the Ala allele is associated with reduced risk of diabetic nephropath