The validity of trans-esophageal Doppler ultrasonography as a measure of cardiac output in critically ill adults,”

Abstract

Abstract Objective: To determine the validity of the esophageal Doppler monitor (EDM) and echo-esophageal Doppler (Echo-ED) in measuring cardiac output in the critically ill. Design: Systematic search of relevant international literature and data synthesis. Search strategy: Literature search (1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003