ARTIFICIAL WETLANDS-AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR PRESERVATION OF ECO-SYSTEM OF GANGA RIVER

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper presents a study of an artificial wetland, at Warangal, in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India, used for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Such treatment processes are in great demand because of their satisfactory performance, low maintenance and operating costs and eco-friendliness. A free water surface type of artificial wetland was studied, with dimensions 20.0 m x 5.5 m, and a depth 0.4 m and the retention period of 7 days. Wetland vegetations consisted of emergent macrophyte Typha-latifolia. Removal efficiency of organic matter, nutrients and pathogens was observed for a period of one year. Removal efficiency of 70% COD, 65% Nitrate, 99% pathogens were achieved. The overall effluent quality was found to be acceptable for disposal into water bodies' and/or/reuse for irrigation. As the climate and typical raw wastewater quality are similar in Gangetic basin, this type of treatment may be most economical and feasible option for treating municipal and industrial wastewater in order to preserve the natural eco-system of Ganga River