Abstract In contrast to the current literature, we provide new evidence supporting a positive relation between idiosyncratic risk and the expected future market return. Since a large part of the idiosyncratic risk can be diversified away easily, the conventional aggregate idiosyncratic risk measures can only be noisy proxies for the undiversified idiosyncratic risk, which may be priced according to When Does Idiosyncratic Risk Really Matter? Abstract In contrast to the current literature, we provide new evidence supporting a positive relation between idiosyncratic risk and the expected future market return. Since a large part of the idiosyncratic risk can be diversified away easily, the conventional aggregate idiosyncratic risk measures can only be noisy proxies for the undiversified idiosyncratic risk, which may be priced according t