ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to increase the torque and power of the two wheeler by supercharging the vehicle. For this purpose LML freedom 125 cc is analysed for the work and certain parameters like torque, power, and specific fuel consumption vs rpm are calculated. The data calculated is used in software Engine Analyser for analysis purpose together with the data of supercharger. It can be seen that power and torque of the engine increases from 7 to 11 KW and 9 to 13 NM at 7500 and 9000 RPM respectively

Hemant Kr Nayak

Nishant Kr Singh

Rakesh Prasad

Yashvir Singh

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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
63 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SUPERCHARGING OF TWO 
WHEELERS 
 
Yashvir Singh
1
, Nishant Kr. Singh
2
, Rakesh Prasad
3
, Hemant Kr. Nayak
4 
Hindustan College of Science and Technology, Mathura, UP, India-281122 
Email: yashvirsingh21@gmail.com 
 
ABSTRACT 
 
The objective of this work is to increase the torque and power of the two wheeler by 
supercharging the vehicle. For this purpose LML freedom 125 cc is analysed for the work 
and certain parameters like torque, power, and specific fuel consumption vs rpm are 
calculated. The data calculated is used in software Engine Analyser for analysis purpose 
together with the data of supercharger. It can be seen that power and torque of the engine 
increases from 7 to 11 KW and 9 to 13 NM at 7500 and 9000 RPM respectively.  
 
Index Terms-Power, torque, supercharger 
 
I. INTRODUCTION 
 
A supercharger is essentially a large pump that compresses air and forces it into 
the engine’s air intake. Turbochargers do the same thing, only they are run by exiting 
exhaust gasses, while superchargers are powered by the engine’s spinning crankshaft, 
normally via the accessory belt. Supercharging an engine often results in huge power 
increases in the range of 50% to 100%, making them great for racing, cross country 
flying, or just having fun. And because of the way superchargers work, they provide 
power only when the engine is under full throttle or under load not under normal cruising 
conditions. This means that the supercharger will not affect the engine’s reliability, 
longevity, or fuel economy under normal conditions.  
Most of the superchargers sold today are centrifugal-style superchargers, which 
are internal-compression superchargers, meaning they create the boost (compress the air) 
inside the supercharger head unit (blower) before discharging it into the engine’s air 
intake. External compression superchargers (roots or screw-type superchargers) have 
become less popular as centrifugal superchargers have evolved. Centrifugal 
superchargers ( Aero Superchargers,Vortech and Paxton ) are more reliable, especially at 
higher boost levels, and are capable of creating much more boost than external 
compression superchargers, while creating a much cooler intake charge (which results in 
an even denser intake charge). Boost is created at the point when the supercharger’s 
internal impeller pushes enough air through the blower to overcome the vacuum force 
naturally created by the engine’s air intake, so air is being forced, rather than pulled, into 
rnational Journal of Me hanical Engineering 
and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print) 
ISSN 0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2 
Issue 2, May – July (2011), pp. 63-69 
© IAEME, http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet.html 
IJMET 
© I A E M E 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
64 
 
the air intake. Boost is measured in Manifold Pressure, or MAP. More boost equates to a 
more dense air charge into the engine’s combustion chamber, which allows the engine to 
burn more air and fuel and create more horsepower.  
Different researchers work on increasing the performance of the superchargers. But only 
very few did research on the supercharging of two wheelers. As we knew that racing 
bikes are equipped with superchargers. But commercial two wheelers do not come with 
superchargers. So, in this work the author tries to increase the power and torque 
characteristics of the 125 cc engine of the LML freedom equipped with centrifugal 
compressor. 
 
II. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 
 
A single cylinder 4-stroke air-cooled petrol engine developing a power output of 3.7 kW 
is used for the work. Engine specification is given (see Table 2.1.). A rope brake 
dynamometer is used for loading the engine. Computerized SI engine is observed at 
different at different RPM. The parameters related to the performance of the engine, 
which were evaluated, are: specific fuel consumption, brake power, torque, fuel 
consumption. These parameters were evaluated for each RPM. 
 
TABLE 2.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THE ENGINE 
 
Item Technical Data 
Type 4 stroke single 
cylinder 
Model Freedom 
Make LML 
Bore x Stroke 53 mm x 49.5 mm 
Compression ratio 9:1 
Max. Power 8.5bhp@7750 rpm 
Max. Torque 8.6 Nm@5000 rpm 
Lubrication Wet sump 
Oil pump type Trochoidal 
Method of Cooling Air 
 
 
Experiments were performed at each 1000 rpm ranging from 4000 rpm to 9000 rpm. At 
each rpm, the performance characteristics of the engine are evaluate and the results are 
shown in figure 2.1. 
After evaluating the data of the engine without supercharger is used in the software 
ENGINE ANALYZER. Now attempts are made so that the performance of the engine 
with supercharger can be evaluated. First of all, centrifugal compressor is used as 
supercharger but the blower was unable to withstand the heavy blows of the engine and 
the sudden jerks. In this case the supercharger takes power direct from the engine with 
the help of chain drive. Now we need a blower which must have good strength so that it 
can sustain the jerks and blows from the engine. So, blower is connected to a DC motor 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
65 
 
and was supplied power from the battery. The performance of the engine with 
supercharger is shown is figure 2.2 
 
 
 
Figure 2.1 Performance characteristics of the engine 
 
 
Figure 2.2 Performance characteristics of the engine with supercharger 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
66 
 
 
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 
 
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Power, Ne1 [kW]
Torque, M1 [N m]
 
 
Figure 3.1 Power and torque characteristics of the engine 
 
The data analysis in the ENGINE ANALYZER software shows that the power and torque 
of the engine without modification and modified engine which can be seen in the figures 
3.1 and 3.2 respectively. 
The figure 3.1 shows that the power developed at 4000 rpm is more than 3.3 KW and 
increases as the rpm of the engine increases and becomes maximum at 9000 rpm about 
7.5 KW. The torque of the engine starts from 7.9 Nm at 4000 rpm and becomes 
maximum about 9 Nm at 7000 rpm. Now from figure 3.2 it can be seen that the useful 
power developed at 4000 rpm is more than 300 KW which is much more than the power 
developed without supercharger. Also, the torque developed by the modified engine 
shows the value of 11.48 Nm at 4000 rpm and gives highest value of about 13.35 Nm at 
7000 rpm. This increase in power and torque of the engine is due to the more air 
consumption by the engine. 
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Useful Power, Ne3 [kW]
Torque, M3 [N m]
 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
67 
 
 
Figure 3.2 Power and torque characteristics of the modified engine 
 
 
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Mean Effective Pressure, Pe3 [Mpa]
Mean effective Pressure, Pe1 [Mpa]
 
Figure 3.3 Comparison of the mean effective pressure of the given engine and modified 
engine 
Figure 3.3 shows that the mean effective pressure of the modified engine is much higher 
than the original engine. The modified engine gives 1.35 Mpa of mean effective pressure 
as compared to 0.80 Mpa in case of original engine. From the figure 3.4 it can be that the 
specific fuel consumption of the modified engine increases due to supercharging. Figure 
3.5 shows the air consumption of the modified engine and the give engine. It can be 
concluded from the figure that the hourly air consumption in case of supercharged is 
more which increases the power of the engine. 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
68 
 
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Specific Fuel Comsumption, ge1 [g/kW h]
Specific Fuel Consumption, ge3 [g/kW h]
 
Figure 3.4 Comparison of the specific fuel consumption of the given engine and modified 
engine 
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Volumetric Air Consumption, Vв1 [m3/h]
Volumetric Air Consumption, Vв3 [m3/h]
 
Figure 3.5 Comparison of the hourly air consumption of the given engine and modified 
engine 
CONCLUSIONS 
It can be concluded that it is possible to install a supercharger in case of commercial two 
wheelers which increases their power on an average about 152 % more than the original 
engine. So, supercharging can be done on those engines where maximum power and 
torque is desired on the verge of more fuel consumption. Fig.1 shows the power and 
torque characteristics of the given engine and the modified engine. It can be seen the 
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 – 6340(Print), ISSN  
0976 – 6359(Online) Volume 2, Issue 2, May- July (2011), © IAEME 
 
69 
 
torque of the modified engine is highest at 7000 rpm and after that there is decrement of 
torque due to the fast opening and closing of valves of the engine.  
Engines
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000
RPM [1/min]
Overall Produced Power, N= Ne3 +Nek [kW]
Useful Power, Ne3 [kW]
Torque, M3 [N m]
Original Torque, M1 [N m]
 
Figure 1 Power and torque characteristics of the given and modified engine 
 
REFERENCES 
[1] Attard W., Watsom H.C., Konidaris S., and Mohammad A.K. Comparing the 
performance and limitations of a downsized sae engine in normally aspirated, 
supercharged and turbocharged modes. SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006. 
[2] Attard W., Watsom H.C., Konidaris S., and Mohammad A.K. Comparing the 
performance and limitations of a downsized sae engine in normally aspirated, 
supercharged and turbocharged modes SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006. 
[3] Jawad B.A, DeGain M.D, and Young jr A.P. Design of restricted induction system for 
a high speed four cylinder engine SAE Technical Paper Series, 2006. 
[4] E. Codan, C. Mathey, ‘Emissions – A new Challenge for Turbocharging’, paper no. 
245, 25th CIMAC Congress, Vienna 2007. 
[5] The Engineering Society For Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space. 
Supercharger Testing Standard SAE, 2005-08.
 
 
 


PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SUPERCHARGING OF TWO WHEELERS

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PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SUPERCHARGING OF TWO WHEELERS

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