Glyceryl trinitrate-induced vasodilation is inhibited by ultraviolet irradiation despite enhanced nitric oxide generation: evidence for formation of a nitric oxide conjugate
ABSTRACT Our objective was to determine whether a stabilized form of nitric oxide (NO) such as an S-nitrosothiol, rather than NO itself, is the vasoactive metabolite produced when glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) interacts with vascular smooth muscle. In a control study, NO formation was measured by a chemiluminescenceheadspace gas method during the incubation of a prototype S-nitrosothiol, namely, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), in Krebs' solution. NO formation from SNAP was increased when the incubation was carried out in the presence of UV light, indicating that homolytic photolysis of the S-nitrosothiol had occurred. When GTN was incubated with bovine pulmonary artery (BPA) in the absence of UV light, NO was not measurable until 5 min of incubation. By contrast, in the presence of UV light, NO was measurable as early as 0.5 min, and by 5 min, it was higher than that observed in the absence of UV light. BPA rings were relaxed with SNAP and GTN in the absence of UV light, and EC 50 values of 0.24 Ϯ 0.28 M and 10 Ϯ 6 nM, respectively, were observed. In the presence of UV light, the vasodilator response of BPA to SNAP and GTN was attenuated, and EC 50 values of 2.7 Ϯ 3.0 M and 49 Ϯ 23 nM, respectively, were observed. Our results are consistent with the idea that GTN biotransformation by vascular smooth muscle results in the production of a stabilized form of NO, possibly an S-nitrosothiol, and that degradation of this metabolite by UV light results in NO formation accompanied by decreased vasodilation
