Awale Suresh

手塚 康弘

門田 重利

University of Toyama Repository

???????????ൻቇᔕ↪ಽ㊁ Division of Natural Products Chemistryᢎ ᝼ 㐷↰ ㊀೑ Professor Shigetoshi Kadota (Ph.D.) ಎᢎ᝼ ᚻႦ ᐽᒄ Associate Professor Yasuhiro Tezuka (Ph.D.) ഥ ᢎ Awale Suresh Assistant Professor Suresh Awale (Ph.D.) ٠⎇ⓥ⋡⊛๺ṽ⮎߿ᄤὼ⮎‛㧔․ߦࠕࠫࠕߩવ⛔⮎‛㧕߆ࠄ㧘⤟⤳≸㧘♧ዩ∛㧘᛫ࡑ࡜࡝ࠕ㧘㛽☻㝃∝㧘∩㘑ߥߤߦ᦭↪ߥක⮎ࠪ࡯࠭ࠍត⚝ߔࠆߎߣ㧘ߥࠄ߮ߦ㧘๺ṽ⮎߿ᄤὼ⮎‛߇⮎‛ઍ⻢㉂⚛ߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀ࠍ⸃᣿ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆޕ٠⎇ⓥ᭎ⷐΣ㧕વ⛔⮎‛߆ࠄᩕ㙃㘫㙈⁁ᾢߢᲕ⚦⢩૞↪ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ‛⾰ߩត⚝࿖┙߇ࠎ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߣߩ౒ห⎇ⓥߢ㧘⤟⤳≸PANC-1⚦⢩ᩣࠍ↪޿㧘ૐᩕ㙃⁁ᘒ㧔IMEM㧕ߢPANC-1ߦኻߔࠆᲕ⚦⢩ᵴᕈࠍ␜ߒ㧘ㅢᏱၭ࿾㧔DMEM㧕ߢߪ⚦⢩ߩᚑ⢒ߦᵴᕈࠍ␜ߐߥ޿ࠃ߁ߥ⮎‛ࠍᄤὼ⾗Ḯࠃࠅត⚝ߒߡ޿ࠆޕߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯↥⮎↪ᬀ‛ Kayea assamicaࠃࠅ PANC-1⚦⢩ᩣߦኻߒߡㆬᛯ⊛ߥ⚦⢩Ქᕈࠍ᦭ߔࠆᣂൻว‛ࠍ⷗಴ߒ㧘ႎ๔ߒߚޕΤ㧕ᄤὼ⮎‛߆ࠄ㉂Უ Ca2+ࠪࠣ࠽࡞વ㆐㒖ኂ‛⾰ߩត⚝ߣක⮎߳ߩᔕ↪ᐢፉᄢቇߢ㐿⊒ߒߚࡐࠫ࠹ࠖࡉࠬࠢ࡝࡯࠾ࡦࠣᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ᣂⷙක⮎ࠪ࡯࠭㐿⊒ࠍ⋡⊛ߦ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆޕਛ࿖෸߮᧲ධࠕࠫࠕ↥↢⮎ߦࠃࠆࠬࠢ࡝࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍⴕ޿㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢ⚂ 1000ࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߩ⹜㛎ࠍ⚳߃㧘25ᬌ૕ߦ㒖ኂᵴᕈࠍ⷗޿಴ߒߡ޿ࠆޕߘߩਛߢ㧘ࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ↥⮎↪ᬀ‛Eurycoma longifoliaߩᚑಽࠍᬌ⸛ਛߢ޽ࠆޕΥ㧕ᄤὼ⮎‛ߩ⮎‛ઍ⻢㉂⚛㒖ኂߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥㅢᏱ㧘๺ṽ⮎ࠍᆎ߼ߣߔࠆᄤὼ⮎‛ߪวᚑක⮎ຠߣ૬↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ੐߆ࠄ㧘ᄤὼ⮎‛߇ “⮎‛ઍ⻢㉂⚛ (ࠪ࠻ࠢࡠíࡓ P450㧘CYP)”ߦ෸߷ߔᓇ㗀㧔⮎‛㑆⋧੕૞↪㧕ࠍ♽⛔⊛ߦᬌ⸽ߒߡ߅ߊ੐߇㧘ᄤὼ⮎‛ߩ᦭ല೑↪ߩ਄ߢᔅⷐߣߐࠇࠆޕᚒޘߪ㧘ṽᣇ↢⮎෸߮ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ࡮ࠫࡖࡓ࠙↢⮎ߦߟ޿ߡCYP3A4෸߮CYP2D6㒖ኂᵴᕈࠍᬌ⚝ߒ㧘ᒝ޿㒖ኂᵴᕈࠍ␜ߒߚ↢⮎ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߘߩᵴᕈᚑಽߩ⸃᣿ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆޕᧄᐕߪ㧘CYP3A4ߦኻߔࠆ mechanism-based inhibitionࠍ␜ߒߚࠫࡖࡓ࠙↢⮎ “Cinnamomum burmani”෸߮ CYP2D6㒖ኂᵴᕈࠍ␜ߒߚࠫࡖࡓ࠙↢⮎“Lunasia amara”ߩᵴᕈᚑಽߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚޕΦ㧕㛽☻㝃∝ߦ᦭ലߥᄤὼ⮎‛ᚑಽߩ㐿⊒⎇ⓥ ᛫㛽☻㝃ᵴᕈ߇⷗޿಴ߐࠇߚ⚃⼺᧖ߩ࡝ࠣ࠽ࡦߣ㘃✼ߩ࡝ࠣ࠽ࡦߦߟ޿ߡ㧘⎕㛽⚦⢩㘃ૃߩ⚦⢩ࠍ↪޿ߚࠕ࠶࠮ࠗ♽ߢᵴᕈࠍᬌ⸛ਛߢ޽ࠆޕΧ㧕ࡉ࡜ࠫ࡞↥ࡊࡠࡐ࡝ࠬߩ↢‛ᵴᕈᚑಽߩ⎇ⓥࡉ࡜ࠫ࡞↥ࡊࡠࡐ࡝ࠬߩ↢‛ᵴᕈᚑಽ⎇ⓥߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ㧘࡟࠶࠼ࡊࡠࡐ࡝ࠬ߇⤟⤳≸ PANC-1⚦⢩ᩣߦኻߒߡૐᩕ㙃⁁ᘒߢㆬᛯ⊛Ვ⚦⢩ᵴᕈࠍ␜ߔ੐ࠍ⷗޿ߛߒ㧘ߘߩᵴᕈᚑಽߩ⎇ⓥࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆޕ਄⸥ߩ⎇ⓥ⺖㗴ߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߚᧄᐕᐲߩᚑᨐ㧔ේ⪺෸߮ቇળႎ๔㧕ߪਅ⸥ߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆޕ―43―資源開発部門٠⪺ᦠ 㩷1) Awale S., Hamazaki T., Kadowaki M., Saiki I., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Chapter IV. Commonly Encountered Diseases in Traditional Medicine, In Myanmar Traditional Medicine Handbook, by Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health, and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 89–120, 2008.  ٠ේ⪺⺰ᢥ 㩷1) Awale S., Li F., Onozuka H., Esumi H., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Constituents of Brazilian Red Propolis and their Preferential Cytotoxic Activity against Human Pancreatic Cancer PANC-1 Cell Line in Nutrient Deprived Condition. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16: 181–189, 2008. Abstract: Human pancreatic cancer cells such as PANC-1 are known to exhibit marked tolerance to nutrition starvation that enables them to survive for prolonged period of time even under extremely nutrient-deprived conditions. Thus, elimination of this tolerance to nutrition starvation is regarded as a novel approach in anticancer drug development. In this study, the MeOH soluble extract of Brazilian red propolis was found to kill 100% PANC-1 cells preferentially in the nutrient-deprived condition at the concentration of 10 Pg/mL. Further phytochemical investigation led to the isolation of 43 compounds including three new compounds, (6aS,11aS)-6a-ethoxymedicarpan (1), 2-(2’,4’-dihydroxyphenyl)- 3-methyl-6-methoxybenzofuran (2), and 2,6-dihydroxy-2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-3-benzofuranone (3). Among them, (6aR,11aR)-3,8-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan (21, DMPC) displayed the most potent 100% preferential cytotoxicity (PC100) at the concentration of 12.5 PM. Further study on the mode of cell death induced by DMPC against PANC-1 cells indicated that killing process was not accompanied by DNA fragmentation, rather through a nonapoptotic pathway accompanied by necrotic-type morphological changes.  2) Toyooka N., Zhou D., Kobayashi S., Tsuneki H., Wada T., Sakai H., Nemoto H., Sasaoka T., Tezuka Y., Subehan, Kadota S., Garraffo H. M., Spande T. F., and Daly J. W.: Synthesis of the Proposed Structures of Poison-Frog Alkaloids 179 and 207E and Their Inhibitory Effects on Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Synlett, 61–64, 2008.  3) Win N. N., Awale S., Esumi H., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Panduratins D—I, Novel Secondery Metabolites from Rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 56: 491–496, 2008.  Abstract: Investigation of the non-polar fraction of Boesenbergia pandurata of Myanmar led to the identification of six novel secondary metabolites, panduratins D–I (1–6), together with known diastereomers, panduratins B1 (7) and B2 (8). Their structures were determined based on extensive spectroscopic analysis. The in vitro preferential cytotoxicity of all isolates was examined against human pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells under nutrient-deprived conditions. All exhibited a mild activity.  4) Yin J., Han N., Xu X., Liu Z., Zhang B., and Kadota S.: Inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate fraction from Viscum coloratum on bone resorption. Planta Med., 74: 120–125, 2008. 5) Li F., Awale S., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Cytotoxic constituents from Brazilian red propolis and their structure–activity relationship. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16: 5434–5440, 2008.  Abstract: Several classes of flavonoids [flavanoids (1–10), flavonol (11), isoflavones (12–18),isoflavanones (19–22), isoflavans (23–26), chalcones (27–30), auronol (31), pterocarpans (32–37),2-arylbenzofuran (38), and neoflavonoid (39)] and lignans (40–42) isolated from the MeOH extract of Brazilian red propolis were investigated for their cytotoxic activity against a panel of six different cancer cell lines including murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma, murine B16-BL6 melanoma, murine Lewis lung carcinoma, human lung A549 adenocarcinoma, human cervix HeLa adenocarcinoma, and human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell lines. Based on the observed results, structure㵨activity relationships were discussed. Among the tested compounds, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone (3) exhibited the most potent activity against B16-BL6 (IC50, 6.66 PM), LLC (IC50, 9.29 PM), A549 (IC50, 8.63 PM), and HT-1080 ―44―(IC50, 7.94 PM) cancer cell lines, and mucronulatol (26) against LLC (IC50, 8.38 PM) and A549 (IC50, 9.9 PM) cancer cell lines. These activity data were comparable to those of the clinically used anticancer drugs, 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin, against the tested cell lines, suggesting that 3 and 26 are the good candidates for future anticancer drug development.  6) Yin J., Han N., Liu Z., Xu X., Zhang B., and Kadota S.: The in vitro anti-osteoporotic activity of some diarylheptanoids and lignans from the rhizomes of Dioscorea spongiosa. Planta Med., 74: 1451–1453, 2008.  7) Win N. N., Awale S., Esumi H., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Novel anticancer agents, kayeassamins A and B from the flower of Kayea assamica of Myanmar. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18: 4688–4691, 2008.  Abstract: The CHCl3-soluble fraction of 70% EtOH extract of the flower of Kayea assamica completely killed human pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells preferentially under nutrient-deprived conditions at 1 Pg/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation afforded two novel compounds, kayeassamins A (1)and B (2). Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic methods and the modified Mosher method. Each compound showed 100% preferential cytotoxicity (PC100) against PANC-1 cells under nutrient-deprived conditions at 1 PM. Furthermore, both compounds inhibited the migration of PANC-1 cells in the wound closure assay.  8) Toyooka N., Zhou D., Nemoto H., Tezuka Y., Kadota S., Jones T. H., Garraffo H. M., Spande T. F., and Daly J. W.: First Enantioselective Synthesis of a Hydroxyindolizidine Alkaloid from the Ant Myrmicaria melanogaster. Synlett, 1894–1896, 2008.  9) Win N. N., Awale S., Esumi H., Tezuka Y., and Kadota S.: Novel anticancer agents, kayeassamins CгI from the flower of Kayea assamica of Myanmar. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16: 8653–8660, 2008.  Abstract: A CHCl3-soluble fraction of 70% EtOH extract of the flower of Kayea assamica from Myanmar exhibited 100% preferential cytotoxicity (PC100) against human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells under nutrient-deprived conditions at 1 Pg/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation afforded nine new coumarins, kayeassamins A (8), B (9), and C–I (1–7), together with nine known coumarins (10–18).The structures of these compounds were identified by extensive spectroscopic techniques as well as by comparison with published data. Absolute configuration at C-1’ of 1 was established as S-configuration by the modified Mosher method. All the isolates were evaluated for their in vitro preferential cytotoxicity using novel anti-austerity strategy. Among them, the novel coumarins, kayeassamins A (8), B (9), D (2), E (3), and G (5) exhibited the most potent preferential cytotoxicity (PC100 1 PM) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis-like morphological changes of PANC-1 cells within 24 h of treatment. Based on the observed cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationships have been established.  10) Subehan, Kadota S., and Tezuka Y.: In Vitro Mechanism-based Inactivation of Cytochrome P450 3A4 by a New Constituent of Cinnamomum burmani. Planta Med., 74: 1474–1480, 2008.  Abstract: Cytochrome P450 enzymes play an important role in drug metabolism. Various studies have reported the potential inhibition of these enzymes by natural compounds, leading to possible drug–herb interaction. One study reported that the MeOH extract of Cinnamomum burmani inhibited CYP3A4 in a mechanism-based mode. Further phytochemical investigation on this plant led to the isolation of 17 compounds including 2 new compounds: cinnamic aldehyde cyclic syringylglycerol 1,3-acetal (1) and 5'-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-4'',5''-methylenedioxy-1,2,3,4-dibenzo-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (2). The isolated constituents were tested for their preincubation time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 at 0 and 20 min. Only the new compound 2 showed an increase in the inhibitory activity to >50 % after 20-min preincubation. Further investigations of the inactivation by 2 displayed characteristics of a mechanism-based inactivator, with KI and kinact values of 7.7 PM and 0.04 min–1, respectively.  㩷 㩷―45―٠ቇળႎ๔ 㧔㪁㪑㩷․೎⻠Ṷ㧘ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ㧘ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ╬㧕㩷1) Subehan, 㐷↰㊀೑, ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧦Mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of Cinnamomum burmani.ᣣᧄ⮎ቇળ╙ 128ᐕળ㧘2008㧘3㧘26̄28㧘ᮮᵿ㧚2) 㜞ᯅ⋥ੱ㧘Subehan, 㐷↰㊀೑,ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧦ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ↢⮎ Lunasia amara BLANCOߩ⮎‛ઍ⻢㉂⚛ CYP2D6㒖ኂᵴᕈᚑಽ.ᣣᧄ⮎ቇળ╙ 128ᐕળ㧘2008㧘3㧘26–28㧘ᮮᵿ㧚3) Nwet Nwet Win, Suresh Awale, Hiroyasu Esumi, Yasuhiro Tezuka, Shigetoshi Kadota㧦Panduratins D—I, Novel Secondary Metabolites from Rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata of Myanmar. ᣣᧄ⮎ቇળ╙ 128ᐕળ㧘2008㧘3㧘26–28㧘ᮮᵿ㧚4) ⼾ጟዏ᮸㧘๟ ᓼァ㧘ዊᨋഃผ㧘ᕡᨑብผ㧘๺↰ ദ㧘㈬੗⑲♿㧘ᩮᧄ⧷㓶㧘╣ጟ೑቟㧘ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧘Subehan, 㐷↰㊀೑, H. Martin Garraffo, Thomas F. Spande, John W. Daly㧦Ქࠟࠛ࡞ࠕ࡞ࠞࡠࠗ࠼ 179, 207Eߩวᚑ.ᣣᧄ⮎ቇળ╙ 128ᐕળ㧘2008㧘3㧘26̄28㧘ᮮᵿ㧚5) Feng Li, Suresh Awale, Yasuhiro Tezuka, Shigetoshi Kadota㧦Cytotoxic constituents from Brazilian red propolis and their structure-activity relationship. ᣣᧄ⮎ቇળർ㒽ᡰㇱ╙ 118࿁଀ળ㧘2008㧘7㧘8㧘ንጊ㧚6) ਃቛసౖ㧘ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧘㐷↰㊀೑㧦ࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ↢⮎ Euricoma longifolia Jackߩᚑಽ⎇ⓥ㧚ᣣᧄ↢⮎ቇળ╙ 55࿁ᐕળ㧘2008㧘9㧘19̄20㧘㐳ፒ㧚7) Nwet Nwet Win, Suresh Awale, Hiroyasu Esumi, Yasuhiro Tezuka, Shigetoshi Kadota㧦Novel anti-cancer agents from the flower of Kayea assamica of Myanmar. ᣣᧄ↢⮎ቇળ╙ 55࿁ᐕળ㧘2008㧘9㧘19̄20㧘㐳ፒ㧚8) ችᧄ┥਽㧘Suresh Awale㧘᧘ፄ㧘Nwet Nwet Win㧘ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧘㐷↰㊀೑㧦ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯ߩ⮎↪ᬀ‛ Dant-da-ku-ni߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚᣂⷙ᛫≸ᵴᕈᚑಽ㧚ᣣᧄ↢⮎ቇળ╙ 55࿁ᐕળ㧘2008, 9㧘19–20㧘㐳ፒ㧚* 9) 㐷↰㊀೑㧘Suresh Awale, Nwet Nwet Win, ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧘ਃᅢජ㚅㧘ᳯⷺᶈ቟㧦વ⛔⮎߆ࠄߩᩕ㙃㘫㙈⠴ᕈ೙ᓮ⮎ߩ㐿⊒ (Discovering natural anti-cancer agents that retards the cancer cells torelancee to nutrition starvation). ╙ 67࿁ᣣᧄ≸ቇળቇⴚ✚ળ㧘ޟࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ 18 ૐ㉄⚛ⅣႺߣⴊ▤ᣂ↢ᛥ೙≮ᴺޠ㧘2008㧘10㧘28–30㧘ฬฎደ㧚٠ᶏᄖ⺞ᩏ1) 㐷↰㊀೑㧦࿖㓙දജᯏ᭴㧔JICA㧕ߦଥࠊࠆࡒࡖࡦࡑíવ⛔ක≮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧘ㆇ༡ᜰዉ⺞ᩏ㧘2008, 2/5–2/10, ࡒࡖࡦࡑí㧚2) 㐷↰㊀೑㧦࿖㓙දജᯏ᭴㧔JICA㧕ߦଥࠊࠆࡒࡖࡦࡑíવ⛔ක≮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧘⚳ੌᤨ⹏ଔ⺞ᩏ㧘2008, 12/10–12/20, ࡒࡖࡦࡑí㧚3) ᚻႦᐽᒄ㧘Suresh Awale㧦࿖㓙දജᯏ᭴㧔JICA㧕ߦଥࠊࠆࡒࡖࡦࡑíવ⛔ක≮ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧘2008, 7/18–7/26, ࡒࡖࡦࡑí㧚㩷٠౒ห⎇ⓥ ࿖ౝ1) ᳯⷺᶈ቟㧦࿖┙߇ࠎ࠮ࡦ࠲í⎇ⓥᚲᡰᚲ,ޟ߇ࠎ↢‛ቇߦၮߠߊᣂߒ޿ᴦ≮ᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥޠ, 2003, 4㨪2) ችᎹㇺศ㧦ᐢፉᄢቇᄢቇ㒮࡮వ┵‛⾰⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼,ޟ㉂Უ Ca2+ࠪࠣ࠽࡞ߦࠃࠆ⚦⢩๟ᦼ೙ᓮߦ㑐ߔࠆ✚ว⊛⎇ⓥޠ㧘2004㧘4㨪3) ାᎹ㜞ኡ㧦㊄ᴛක⑼ᄢቇ,ޟ⚃⼺᧖ߩ↢‛ᵴᕈ‛⾰ߩត⚝ޠ㧘2004㧘4㨪ᶏᄖ1) Dejair Message, Alfredo A. G. Fuertas㧦ࡉ࡜ࠫ࡞࡮ࡧࠖ࠰íࠨᄢቇ,ޟࡊࡠࡐ࡝ࠬߩຠ⾰⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥޠ, 1996, 10㨪2) Გ ァ㧦ਛ࿖࡮ἀ㓁⮎⑼ᄢቇ,㨬ṽᣇᣇ೷ߩ᛫㛽☻㝃∝ᵴᕈᚑಽߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㨭, 2004,10㨪―46―3) ᧘ ᑪᣂ㧦ਛ࿖࡮ධ੩ᄢቇൻቇᎿቇ㒮࡮⮎‛ൻቇ⎇ⓥᚲ,ޟ᛫㛽☻㝃∝ߦ᦭ലߥ⮎‛ߩ㐿⊒⎇ⓥޠ, 2004, 4㨪4) Tran Le Quan㧦ࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ࡮࿖┙ࡎí࠴ࡒࡦᏒᄢቇ,ޟࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ↥⮎↪ᬀ‛ߩ⑼ቇ⊛⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥޠ, 2003, 4㨪٠⎇ⓥ⾌ขᓧ⁁ᴫ 㩷1) ෘ↢ഭ௛⋭߇ࠎ⎇ⓥഥᚑ㧔ಽᜂ㧦㐷↰㊀೑㧕ޟ߇ࠎ↢‛ቇߦၮߠߊᣂߒ޿ᴦ≮ᴺߩ㐿⊒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥޠ٠⎇ⓥቶ࿷☋⠪ 㩷ቇㇱ 3ᐕ↢㧦ട⮮ ⼔㧘㜞ᯅశ↢ቇㇱ 4ᐕ↢㧦ጟ᧛ଆ㚅㉿ᄢቇ㒮ୃ჻ 1ᐕ㧦ᒛ ⚃ῆ㧔2008, 4/1㨪㧕㧘Lidyawati㧔10᦬౉ቇ㧕ᄢቇ㒮ୃ჻ 2ᐕ㧦ችᧄ┥਽㧘㜞ᯅ⋥ੱ㧘Retno Widyowati ᄢቇ㒮ඳ჻ 1ᐕ㧦ାᎹ⌀ᥓሶᄢቇ㒮ඳ჻ 2ᐕ㧦᧘ ፄ㧘ਃቛసౖ㧘቞Ꮉ⠹ᐔ㧔10᦬౉ቇ㧕ᄖ࿖ੱቴຬ⎇ⓥຬ㧦Tin Nyunt㧔ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯଻ஜ⋭વ⛔ක≮ዪ࡮DG㧘JICA⎇ୃຬ㧘2008, 10/7㨪2008, 10/16㧕㧘Theim Kyaw㧔ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯࡮ࡗࡦࠧࡦવ⛔ක≮∛㒮࡮㒮㐳㧘JICA⎇ୃຬ㧘2008, 10/7㨪2008, 10/16㧕ᄖ࿖ੱ⎇ⓥ↢㧦ᒛ ⚃ῆ㧔2007, 12/23㨪2008, 3/31㧕٠ቇ૏㧔ୃ჻㧘ඳ჻㧕ขᓧ⠪ 㩷ඳ჻⺰ᢥ㧦Subehan㧦 Active Indonesian Medicinal Plants and Their Mechanism-based Inactivators on Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4  Nwet Nwet Win㧦 Chemical Constituents of Boesenbergia pandurata and Kayea assamica of Myanmar and Their Preferential Cytotoxicity against PANC-1 Cell Line in Nutrient-Deprived Conditions  㩷㩷―47―

化学応用分野(資源開発部門,各部門・附属センターの活動と業績)

https://toyama.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=16134&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

化学応用分野(資源開発部門,各部門・附属センターの活動と業績)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

University of Toyama Repository