Analysis of the preoperative anxiety (POA) cited in the diagnosis records of nursing students focusing on POA-related factors and characteristics in POA definition leading to the diagnosis.

Abstract

臨地実習(急性期)において学生が立案した看護診断中,最も多い看護診断は「術前不安」であった.そこで,学生の実習記録から,看護診断「術前不安」に特有な関連因子及び定義上の特性を抽出し,その特徴を分析した.分析は,成人看護実習(急性期)を行ない,研究に同意の得られた4年次生118名の記載した看護診断記録用紙を使用した.「術前不安」に特有な関連因子として,10カテゴリーが抽出され,【治療因子】,【心理・社会的因子】,【自己概念因子】の3つに分類された.学生が独自にあげた関連因子として,「知識過剰」,「不確かな情報」,「医療者への不信」が抽出され,日本人のおまかせ医療の側面とも考えられた.定義上の特性として,28カテゴリーが抽出され,【生理的特徴】,【行動的特徴】,【感情的特徴】,【認知的特徴】の4つに分類された.特に行動的特徴に関するものの頻度が高く,忍耐や我慢を美徳として限界まで不安を表現しない日本人の現われともみることができた.Reviews of the diagnosis records of 118 nursing students showed that the preoperative anxiety (POA), a specific term in the nursing diagnosis, is cited at the most frequent in their records written in the clinical practice course of adult nursing (acute phase). When the records were further analyzed to clarify what factors are underlying onto POA, 3 factors (therapeutic, psycho-somatic and self-connectional factors) consisting of 10 categories were extracted. In these categories, it was noteworthy to find out student-specific categories such as superabundance of medical knowledge, unreliable information and distrust to the healthcare personnel, reflecting undesirable propensity of medicine in Japan, that is, putting an issue into other persons. In addition, analysis of the POA definition extracted 4 characters (physiology, behavior, emotion and recognition) consisting of 28 categories. Among them, behavior-related categories were cited at the most frequent. This fact might be regarded as Japanese virtue of endurance without expression of anxiety as long as possible