The Difference of Endometrial Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Expression between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Normal Women

Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women cha­rac­terized by increased levels of androgens, ovu­la­tory dysfunction, and Polycystic Ovarian Mor­p­ho­logy (PCOM), as well as a combination of clas­sic clinical features. Women with PCOS expe­ri­ence changes in the endometrium and endo­met­rial receptivity markers such as VEGF (Vascular En­dothelial Growth Factor). VEGF increases the per­meability and dilation of endometrial blood vessels which play an important role in imp­lan­ta­tion. This study aimed to analyze the difference of VEGF expression between women with PCOS and nor­mal women.Subjects and Method: This study was a case-con­trol study design conducted at the polyclinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, in July 2020. There were 30 infertile women with PCOS (diagnosis based on Rotterdam criteria, con­sensus 2003) and 30 women without PCOS as the sample of this study. The dependent variable was VEGF expression. The independent variables were age, BMI, family history with PCOS, menar­che, occu­pa­tion, and education. VEGF expression was ob­tained from an endometrial biopsy on days 19-24 of periods. The differences in VEGF exp­res­sion (in %) were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. VEGF determinants were analyzed by a mul­ti­ple linear regression.Results: The mean of VEGF expression in wo­men with PCOS (Mean=64.33; SD=44.43) was high­er than in women without PCOS (Mean­= 7.90; SD=8.73) and the result was statistically sig­ni­ficant (p<0.001). PCOS (b=42.09; 95%­CI­=­64.­2­6 to -19.93; p<0.001) and obese (b=38.63; 95%­CI=-63.44 to -13.82; p=0.003) increased VEGF expression.Conclusion: VEGF expression in the endo­met­rium of women with PCOS is higher than normal wo­men.Keywords: VEGF, endometrium, Polycystic Ova­rian SyndromeCorrespondence: Ricky Bernadi Saputra. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebe­las Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Sura­karta, Indo­nesia. Telp: 081221161933 Email: ricky­sa­put­[email protected] Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(03): 230-239https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.03.0