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    ่ถ…ๅœ‹ๅฎถๆณ• (Non-State Norms)์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ็งๆณ•์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ํ†ต์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๅฐ่€ƒ

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    ๋ฒ•์˜ ็ณป็ตฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ถŒ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ์ •๋ฒ• ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ฒ•๊ณ„์™€ ๋ณดํ†ต๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๋ฒ•์›์˜ ํŒ๋ก€๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฒ•๊ณ„์˜ ๏ฅธๅคง ๆณ•็•Œ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ็งๆณ•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ†ต์ผ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ†ต์ผ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ่ถ…ๅœ‹ๅฎถๆณ•(Non-State Norms)์˜ ์ œ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ†ต์ผ์ด๋‹ค. UNIDROIT Principles์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ฒ•์›์น™์€ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์˜ ์ œ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ์‹ค๋ก€์ด๋‹ค. UN๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ฒ•์›์น™์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” UNIDROIT Principles์€ ์ค‘์„ธ ์ƒ์ธ๋ฒ•(lex mercatoria)์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ๋ถ€ํ™œ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฒ•์ด ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ ์ž˜ ๋œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ์™€ ์‹œ๊ธˆ์„ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์˜ ์ œ์ •์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์€ ๊ทธ ๆณ•ๆบๆ€ง ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ฒ•๊ณ„์™€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฒ•๊ณ„์˜๋ฒ•๋ฌธํ™”์ , ์ง€์  ์ฐจ์ด, ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์  ์—ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ํ†ต์ผ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฒ•๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์˜ ์˜์˜, ๋ฒ•์›์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ„๋žตํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ ์šด๋™ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์€ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ฒ•๊ณ„์‹ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ†ต๋ฒ•๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋Œ€๋ฅ™๋ฒ•๊ณ„์‹ ํ†ต์ผ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ่ฎŠๆ•ธ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ฆ„๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. 1893๋…„ ํ—ค์ด๊ทธ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํšŒ์˜ ์ด๋ž˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ UN์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์—์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€, ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์šด๋™์€ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์†์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์šด๋™์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๋ฒ•์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ, ๆณ•ๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•ํ†ต์ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตญ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ถ„์Ÿํ•ด๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ค€๊ฑฐ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๅธๆณ•ๅฎ˜๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค

    ใ€Žํ›ˆ๋ฏผ์ •์Œใ€์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ

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    ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2016๋…„ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝํ•œ๊ธ€๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์ด ๊ธฐํšํ•œ ํ›ˆ๋ฏผ์ •์Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ์ „๋ง ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    ๊ทผ๋Œ€์ „๊ณต ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ

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    [์„œํ‰] ํ™ฉํ›ˆ์„ฑ(2013), ์„œ์–‘๋ฌธํ•™์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ฃฝ์Œ , ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์ถœํŒ๋ฌธํ™”์›, 508์ชฝ.์˜๋ฌธํ•™์ž ํ™ฉํ›ˆ์„ฑ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์€ ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์˜ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์„œ์–‘๋ฌธํ•™์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€์„ฑ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๊ตฌํ•œ ์„ธ์›”์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜, ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์˜ํ˜ผ๊ณผ ์œก์ฒด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„, ๋‚ด์„ธ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต, ๊ตฌ์›๊ณผ ์€์ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ, ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ณตํฌ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ถ„์•ผ์ด๋‹ค. ์˜ํ˜ผ๊ณผ ์œก์ฒด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค, ์—ํ”ผ์ฟ ๋กœ์Šค, ์—ํ”ฝํ…Œํ† ์Šค, ๋ฃจํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์šฐ์Šค ๋“ฑ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ์œ ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์›๊ณผ ์€์ด ๋ฐ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ณตํฌ๋Š” ๋‹จํ…Œ, ํ”Œ๋ž˜๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ฝ”๋„ˆ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์—˜ ๋ฒ ์ผ€ํŠธ, ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ๋กœ์ œํ‹ฐ, ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด, ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์ €์ž‘๋“ค์—์„œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™€๋ฐ”์ธ 2์„ธ, ์ฝค๋ธŒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฝ”ํ‚ค์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจํ‹ฐํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค

    A study on relationship between the linguistic typology and the grammatical desription of individual languages

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    ๋ณธ๊ณ ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ธ๋ฌธ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ ์ง‘๋‹ดํšŒ(2010, 6. 28)์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ตญ์–ดํ•™ํšŒ ์ œ37ํšŒ ์ „๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ๋Œ€ํšŒ ์„์ขŒ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ฐ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์–ธ์–ด ์œ ํ˜•๋ก ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ •๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์–ด ์œ ํ˜•๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ณ„ํ†ต์  ๋ฐ ์œ ํ˜•๋ก ์  ๋น„๊ต์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ์–ด, ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์–ด, ํ„ฐํ‚ค์–ด, ํ‰๊ตฌ์Šค์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•Œํƒ€์ด์–ด๋„ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ต์ฐฉ์–ด์— ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ†ต์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” SOV ์–ธ์–ด์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์Œ์šด๋ก ์  ๊ต์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ตญ์  (global)์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜๊ณ  ์–ด๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒ€๋™์„ฑ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์„ ํƒ๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋ง ์–ด๋ฏธ์— ์„ ์–ด๋ง ์–ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ ‘์š”์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ผ์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ์—์„œ ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ„ฐํ‚ค์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ข…์†์  ๊ต์ฐฉ์–ด์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ‰์„œ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” 1์ธ์นญ๊ณผ 2์ธ์นญ์ด ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์— ์œ ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ด€ํ˜•์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ์•…๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ต์ฐฉ์–ด์ธ ์ผ๋ณธ์–ด๋„ ์ค‘์„ธํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตด์ ˆ์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ํŒŒ์•…๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์™€ ์ผ๋ณธ์–ด๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์–ด์™€ ํ˜•ํƒœ โ€ค ํ†ต์‚ฌ์  ์–‘์ƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™๋ถ์•„์‹œ์•„ ๋ฌธ์ž-์–ธ์–ด ๋ฌถ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌถ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ํ•„์ž๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์˜จ ์•Œํƒ€์ด์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์‹คํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ณตํ†ต์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์•Œํƒ€์ด ์ œ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ƒ๋ฒ•์€ ์–ด๋ง ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ƒ๋ฒ•์€ ์„ ์–ด๋ง ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ์‹คํ˜„๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.This article aims to establish a model of grammatical description for individual languages based on linguistic typology. In doing so, Korean can serve as an important point of reference; furthermore, Altaic languages are taken into consideration in order to compare them with Korean from the viewpoint of linguistic genealogy and linguistic typology. Korean belongs to the agglutinative language type morphologically and to the SOV language type syntactically. Middle Korean shows global morphophonemic alternations; different endings are selected according to the transitivity of stems; prefinal endings are inserted in between the stem and final ending in the manner of affixation. Considering the above points, Middle Korean can be treated as a subordinating agglutinative language. 1st-person and 2nd-person markers are distinguished in declaratives and interrogatives the object marker is realized in relative participial clauses. Japanese also shares a number of inflectional properties with Middle Korean. Japanese and Korean are quite distinct from Chinese morpho-syntactically, but since all three are contiguous to each other, they share a number of elements that can be united under the label Nord-Ost Asiatischer Schrift- Sprachbund (North east Asian Script-linguistic Area). As a case study, I compare Korean TAM (Tense, Mood and Aspect) with Altaic languages such as Japanese, Mongolic, Turkic, and Tungusic; however, there are no commonalities in the either realization or forms. While TAM in Altaic languages beginning with Japanese tends to be realized in sentence-final position, Korean TAM is realized in prefinal position.๋ณธ๊ณ ๋Š” ํ›”๋ณผํŠธ ์žฌ๋‹จ (Alexander-von-Humboldt Stiftung)์˜ ๊ฐฑ์‹  ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ (Erneutes Stipendium) (2009. 10~11)์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ A study on relationship between the linguistic typology and the grammatical description of individual languages๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    ์ฒด์–ธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ธ๋ฌธ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ตญ์–ด๊ตญ๋ฌธํ•™๊ณผ,2019. 8. ์ดํ˜„ํฌ.An adverb is a part of speech modifies a certain part of a sentence, but sometimes modifies an entire sentence. Moreover, an adverb could have a different meaning depending on its scope or subject of modification. In the case of Korean, an adverb has acquired various usages while experiencing the change/expansion of its scope: in this process, just like a focus adverb and a degree adverb, it has acquired even the usage of modification of noun. The purpose of this study is to address the process of change in an noun modifying adverb from the perspective of polysemy. In this study, it was divided into three types: Baro, Got, Jeuk, and Junghi; Ggok, Ggokhi, Ddak, Ddakhi; and Hapil, Hapileemyeon. First, there are directive adverbs: Directive adverbs are used when a preceding element is used to strongly emphasize a following element and they include Baro, Got, Jeuk, and Junghi. During the middle age, ๋ฐ”แ„…แ†ž(็›ด, ๆญฃ) was used as a descriptive adverb, a time adverb, and a degree adverb, but in the modern Korean, it was used as a focus adverb as well. Since then, there has been no significant change in the usage of Baro(<๋ฐ”แ„…แ†ž) till now. During the Middle Age, Got was used as a time adverb (ๅฝ, ไพฟ, ่ผ’) and a focus adverb (ๅฝ, ๅ‰‡, ็›ด), but in the modern Korea, it obtained the usage of sentence conjunction, and of noun phrase conjunction since the modern civilization and it has been used as a conjunctive adverb for typical paraphrase. Therefore, Got has been used as a time adverb, a focus adverb, and a conjunctive adverb for paraphrase. On the other hand, in the middle age, Jeuk(ๅฝ) was solely used as a focus adverb, but in the modern Korean, it was used as a time adverb, a focus adverb, and a conjunctive adverb for casual relation and paraphrase. However, its usage as a time adverb and a focus adverb was absorbed in Got, and now, it is only used as a conjunctive adverb for casual relation and paraphrase. In the middle age, ๆญฃhi(ๆญฃ) was used as a descriptive adverb, a degree adverb, and a focus adverb, but from the 19th, its usage has been significantly decreased due to the influences of Baro, Got, and Jung, which are in the similar relation. Second, there are symbolic adverbs. Symbolic adverbs are the one derived from or closely related to onomatopoeia and mimetic words and they include Ggok, Ggokhi, Ddak, Ddakhi. Ggok is a mimetic word used since the modern age, but from the 19th, it has obtained various other usages such as a modal adverb, a degree adverb, a focus adverb, and so on. Ggokhi(<แ„ญแ…ฉแ†จํžˆ) was used as a modal adverb, a degree adverb, a focus adverb from the late 19th to the 20th, but no longer in use since it was emerged with Ggok and Ddakhi around the mid-20th. Ddak(<แ„ฏแ…กแ†จ) was appeared around the 19th, mainly used as onomatopoeia or a mimetic word, but in the 20th, it obtained various other usages, including a degree adverb, a time adverb, and a focus adverb. Ddakhi(<แ„ฏแ…กแ†จํžˆ) is shown to make the first appearance in the modern age: it was used as a focus adverb for a negative sentence, but soon it became to be used as a modal adverb and a degree adverb. Recently, it is used for other than negative sentences. Third, there are appraisal adverbs. Appraisal adverb is a modal adverb, used for describing a speakers negative appraisal of the proposition, and Hapil and Hapileemyeon are included. In the middle age, ไฝ•ๅฟ… was not an independent adverb, but started to be recognized as a single unit since the 19th. At the time, Hapil had three different meanings: how come, necessarily originated from its meaning in the modern Korea; as irony, as it so happens, the meaning of today; and intentionally, on purpose, the meaning connecting the two other meanings of the aforementioned, but after the mid-20th, only the meaning of today has survived. Hapileemyeon is an adverb, first appeared in the mid-20th, which reflects solely the modern meaning of Hapil. Many previous studies on noun modifying adverbs focus on the classification of word classes, or properties of individual adverb types. On the other hand, this study could find its significance from the fact that it has addressed various usages of noun modifying adverbs from the historical perspective and pursued the complete interpretation of every usage of the subject.๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋‚ด์˜ ํŠน์ • ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋ช…์ œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ผ ํ•ด๋„ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์ง•๋„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉ์—ญ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”ยทํ™•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฒด์–ธ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฒด์–ธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋‹ค์˜์„ฑ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ, ๊ณง, ์ฆ‰, ์ •ํžˆ, ๊ผญ, ๊ผญํžˆ, ๋”ฑ, ๋”ฑํžˆ, ํ•˜ํ•„, ํ•˜ํ•„์ด๋ฉด์„ ์„ธ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ง€์‹œ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€์‹œ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ›„ํ–‰ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ, ๊ณง, ์ฆ‰, ์ •ํžˆ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฐ”แ„…แ†ž(็›ด, ๆญฃ)๋Š” ์„ฑ์ƒ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์šฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ํš๋“ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ(<๋ฐ”แ„…แ†ž)์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ณ„๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์—†์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ณง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ(ๅฝ, ไพฟ, ่ผ’)์™€ ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ(ๅฝ, ๅ‰‡, ็›ด)์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณง์€ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์— ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ ‘์†์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„, ๊ฐœํ™”๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ์ ‘์†์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ํ˜•์  ํ™˜์–ธ์˜ ์ ‘์†๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์“ฐ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๊ณง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ํ™˜์–ธ์˜ ์ ‘์†๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰(ๅฝ)์€ ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ธ๊ณผยทํ™˜์–ธ์˜ ์ ‘์†๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ณง์— ํก์ˆ˜๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ฆ‰์€ ์ธ๊ณผ์™€ ํ™˜์–ธ์˜ ์ ‘์†๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๆญฃํžˆ(ๆญฃ)๋Š” ์„ฑ์ƒ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ •ํžˆ(<ๆญฃํžˆ)๋Š” ์œ ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๊ณง, ์ •์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋ฐ€๋ ค ๊ทธ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋Œ€ํญ ์ถ•์†Œ๋œ ์ฑ„ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ƒ์ง•์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ง•์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜๋ž€ ์˜์„ฑ์–ดยท์˜ํƒœ์–ด์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์˜€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ์™€ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๋กœ์„œ, ๊ผญ, ๊ผญํžˆ, ๋”ฑ, ๋”ฑํžˆ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ผญ์€ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ์˜ํƒœ์–ด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–‘ํƒœ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €๋‹ค. ๊ผญํžˆ(<แ„ญแ…ฉแ†จํžˆ)๋Š” 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–‘ํƒœ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์„ ์ „ํ›„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ผญ๊ณผ ๋”ฑํžˆ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜๋œ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์“ฐ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฑ(<แ„ฏแ…กแ†จ)์€ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ›„ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์˜์„ฑ์–ด์™€ ์˜ํƒœ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์• ์ดˆ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฑ์€ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €๋‹ค. ๋”ฑํžˆ(<แ„ฏแ…กแ†จํžˆ)๋Š” ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฑํžˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์—๋งŒ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ์ดˆ์ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ณง ์–‘ํƒœ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํš๋“ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋„ ์“ฐ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ‰๊ฐ€์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜์ด๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ฐ€์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ช…์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™”์ž์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ์–‘ํƒœ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ํ•˜ํ•„๊ณผ ํ•˜ํ•„์ด๋ฉด์ด ์ด ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์„ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ไฝ•ๅฟ…์€ ๋‹จ๋…์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ํ•˜ํ•„์—๋Š” ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ์–ด์ฐŒ, ์–ด์ฐŒ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ, ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ ๊ตณ์ด, ๊ณต๊ต๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ด ๋‘ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ตณ์ด, ๊ตฌํƒœ์—ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์žฌํ•ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ›„ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋งŒ ๋‚จ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ํ•˜ํ•„์ด๋ฉด์€ ํ•˜ํ•„์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฒด์–ธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜, ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์—๋งŒ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฒด์–ธ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์˜์  ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ์ „ํ•œ ํ•ด์„์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  1 1.2. ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  3 1.3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 8 1.4. ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 13 1.5. ์ธ์šฉ ์ž๋ฃŒ 14 2. ์ง€์‹œ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜ 21 2.1. ๋ฐ”๋กœ 22 2.1.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ 22 2.1.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ 31 2.2. ๊ณง 60 2.2.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๊ณง 60 2.2.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ณง 68 2.3. ์ฆ‰ 85 2.3.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์ฆ‰ 85 2.3.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ์ฆ‰ 89 2.4. ์ •ํžˆ 106 2.4.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์ •๊ณผ ์ •ํžˆ 106 2.4.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ์ •ํžˆ 110 3. ์ƒ์ง•์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜ 130 3.1. ๊ผญ๋ฅ˜ 131 3.1.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๊ผญ 131 3.1.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ผญ 137 3.1.3. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๊ผญํžˆ 150 3.1.4. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ผญํžˆ 153 3.2. ๋”ฑ๋ฅ˜ 158 3.2.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋”ฑ 158 3.2.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๋”ฑ 165 3.2.3. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋”ฑํžˆ 179 3.2.4. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๋”ฑํžˆ 184 4. ํ‰๊ฐ€์„ฑ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅ˜ 194 4.1. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ํ•˜ํ•„ 196 4.2. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์ด์ „์˜ ํ•˜ํ•„ 204 5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  232 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 236 249Docto

    2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌ๋ฒ”๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ์Œ์•…๊ต์œก์ „๊ณต, 2022.2. ์ด๋ฏผ์ •.This study analyzes the contents and learning activities of Western music history in high school music textbooks by ten publishers under the 2015 revised curriculum, to suggest effective teaching strategies on Western music history. The contents of the textbooks were largely divided into 'related elements' and 'learning activities'. Related elements were subdivided into the 'definition of musical era and description', 'reflection of achievement standards', 'learning goals', and 'representative music from each era'. Learning activities were divided into the 'area analysis', 'music score', 'visual material', and 'connection with other subjects'. First, the definition of musical era and top associated keywords had subtle variations among the ten publishers. Therefore, it will be helpful if a teacher could inform that the exact years of a period can be flexible, while introducing a musical era to the students. In description part, background and musical characteristics of each era were mentioned, but the explanation of new styles and genres was insufficient. Second, the reflection of achievement standard analyzes whether the three achievement standards in the appreciation were met in both contents and learning activities. Only about 12% of cases met the standards in the learning activities. Thus, it is necessary to add the 'activities to express musical concepts' and the 'activities to deal with musical characteristics along with historical and cultural backgrounds' in the learning activities. Third, the learning goals of Western music history were inclined toward statements such as โ€˜understandingโ€™ and โ€˜appreciatingโ€™. Two of the publishers had relatively diverse predicates such as comparison, explanation, distinction, and expression. Although most cases had their learning activities and learning goals matched, some cases did not. If the goals such as 'distinction', 'expression', 'investigation', and 'presentation' were added, classes will be able to explore the subject at a deeper level. Fourth, the representative music from each era were listed as low as one to as many as twenty per textbook. Most frequently listed pieces and composers for each era were summarized. Since the activities often involve music introduced in the 'learning goals', it will be ideal if the students can directly experience the characteristics of the era through the music itself. Fifth, stratifying the learning activities into 'expression', 'appreciation', 'application', and 'combination' revealed that learning activities were biased toward 'appreciation', whereas 'expression' took up a very small portion. Therefore, learning activities need to be reconstructed to have more balance. Sixth, the music score in textbooks were divided into 'complete', 'partial', 'explanatory'. The music score required for most of the learning activities was presented. It will be helpful if the score are edited based on the purpose of the activity. Seventh, the visual materials were divided into 'timeline', 'historical background', 'composer', and 'others'. Only 5 publishers included the timeline in their textbooks, and it is recommended to add it to those textbooks that lacked it. Eighth, the activity of connection with other subject accounted for about 16% of all learning activities. 'Connection with other subjects' is a crucial step to nurture the musical creativity and interdisciplinary thinking, and thus, students will benefit from the activity.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ 10์ข…์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ยท๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ์„œ์–‘ ์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ '๊ด€๋ จ์š”์†Œ'์™€ 'ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™'์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜๊ด€๋ จ์š”์†Œโ€™๋Š” 10์ข…์˜ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ โ€˜์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ๋ฐ ์„œ์ˆ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ถ„์„โ€™, โ€˜์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€โ€™, โ€˜ํ•™์Šต๋ชฉํ‘œโ€™, โ€˜์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์•…๊ณกโ€™์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™โ€™์€ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์„ โ€˜์˜์—ญ๋ถ„์„โ€™, โ€˜์•…๋ณด์ž๋ฃŒโ€™, โ€˜์‹œ๊ฐ์ž๋ฃŒโ€™, โ€˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„โ€™๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์€ ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ๋ฐ ์„œ์ˆ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 10์ข… ์ถœํŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์—ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์„œ์ˆ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์Œ์•…์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ž˜ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Œ์•…์žฅ๋ฅด์™€ ์‚ฌ์กฐ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๊ฐ์ƒ์˜์—ญ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์„ธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํ•™์Šต๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์—์„œ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์•ฝ 12%๋กœ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์—์„œ โ€˜์Œ์•…๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™โ€™๊ณผ โ€˜์Œ์•…์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ์—ญ์‚ฌยท๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ํ™œ๋™โ€™์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•™์Šต๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” โ€˜์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹คโ€™์™€ โ€˜๊ฐ์ƒํ•œ๋‹คโ€™์— ์น˜์šฐ์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถœํŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต, ์„ค๋ช…, ๊ตฌ๋ณ„, ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋“ฑ ์„œ์ˆ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ต์  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ํ•™์Šต๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ผ์น˜ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„, ํ‘œํ˜„, ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ๋ฐœํ‘œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ•™์Šต๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„์ˆ˜๋ก ์•…๊ณก์€ 1๊ฐœ~20๊ฐœ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ์•…๊ณก๊ณผ ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์•…๊ณก์€ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ œ์žฌ๊ณก์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•…๊ณก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์Œ์•…์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์„ ํ‘œํ˜„, ๊ฐ์ƒ, ์ƒํ™œํ™”, ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์ด ๊ฐ์ƒ์˜์—ญ์— ์น˜์šฐ์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ‘œํ˜„ํ™œ๋™์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ท ํ˜•์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฏ์งธ, ์•…๋ณด์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ „์ฒด, ๋ถ€๋ถ„, ์„ค๋ช…์•…๋ณด๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์•…๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์— ์ˆ˜๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•…๋ณด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ์•…๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๊ณฑ์งธ, ์‹œ๊ฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” '์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ', '์‹œ๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ', '์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€', '๊ธฐํƒ€' ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋Š” 5์ข… ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋” ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿ์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘ ์•ฝ 16% ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„œ์–‘ ์Œ์•…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์‹œํ‚จ ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™์€ ์Œ์•…์  ์ฐฝ์˜ยท์œตํ•ฉ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํญ๋„“์€ ์Œ์•… ๊ต์œก์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3 2) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ ˆ์ฐจ 4 3. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 1) 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 6 2) ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์•ˆ ์ œ์‹œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 7 โ…ก. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1. ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„ 9 1) ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๋ช…์นญ 9 2) ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„ 12 2. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ์Œ์•…๊ณผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ 15 1) ๋‚ด์šฉ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€ 16 2) ๊ต์ˆ˜ยทํ•™์Šต๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 20 3. ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฒด์ œ 1) ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฒด์ œ 22 2) ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™ 23 โ…ข. 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์Œ์•…๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ์„œ์–‘์Œ์•…์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„ 1. ๊ด€๋ จ ์š”์†Œ ๋ถ„์„ 1) ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ๋ฐ ์„œ์ˆ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ถ„์„ 24 2) ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์—ฌ๋ถ€ 57 3) ํ•™์Šต๋ชฉํ‘œ 68 4) ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์•…๊ณก 74 2. ํ•™์Šตํ™œ๋™ ๋ถ„์„ 1) ์˜์—ญ๋ถ„์„ 89 2) ์•…๋ณด์ž๋ฃŒ 96 3) ์‹œ๊ฐ์ž๋ฃŒ 122 4) ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ 141 โ…ฃ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  151 2. ์ œ์–ธ 153 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 155 Abstract 158์„

    La Evoluciรณn de la Prosa de Ficciรณn en la Edad Media

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    ์ค‘์„ธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์„œ์–‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ๋ฌธํ•™, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ํ†ต์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์ •๋ฆฝํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํ”ฝ์…˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํ”ฝ์…˜, ์ฆ‰ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ ฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์†Œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ค„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด๋„, ํ”ฝ์…˜์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ”ฝ์…˜์€ ์†Œ์„ค์ด๋‚˜, ์˜ํ™”, ์—ฐ๊ทน ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ค๋ฝ ์žฅ๋ฅด์— ์†ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค..

    Reflection 7

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    ์•„๋งˆ์ฟ ์‚ฌ(ๅคฉ่‰)ํ•„๋“œ์›Œํฌ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ œ5ํšŒ ๊ตญ์ œํฌ๋Ÿผ, ์ œ4ํšŒ ๊ตญ์ œ์‹ฌํฌ์ง€์—„, ๊ตญ์ œํ•™์ˆ ์‹ฌํฌ์ง€์—„, ์—ฐ์žฌ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ๏ผ์‹(้ฃŸ)๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์„ญํ•™(6), ํ™œ๋™๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์š” ์›๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ง‘ ์•ˆ๋‚ดใƒปํŽธ์ง‘ํ›„

    Reflection 8

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    ์ œ๏ผ“ํšŒ ์ฐจ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๊ตญ์ œํ•™์ˆ  ํฌ๋Ÿผใ€๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ๋ฌธํ™”์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์„คโ€•๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์„ญํ•™์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฑฐ์ โ€•ใ€์•„๋งˆ์ฟ ์‚ฌ ํ•„๋“œ์›Œํฌ ํ™œ๋™๋ณด๊ณ ใ€๊ตญ์ œ ์‹ฌํฌ์ง€์—„ โ€˜๋„๊ต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธก๋ฉดโ€™ใ€ICIS ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ใ€์นผ๋Ÿผ๏ผโ€˜๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๋ฌผโ€™ ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€ใ€์—ฐ์žฌ์นผ๋Ÿผ๏ผ์‹๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์„ญํ•™ ์ œ๏ผ—ํšŒใ€ํ™œ๋™ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐ ์•Œ๋ฆผใ€๊ธฐ์š” ์›๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ง‘ ์•ˆ๋‚ดใƒปํŽธ์ง‘ํ›„
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