MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM OF PROTECTING INFORMATION FROM UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS

This article lists methods and tools for unlocking data from the local network. Modern methods and software tools for protecting data from unauthorized access from local area network have been analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the DLP (Data Loss / Leakage Prevention) system are demonstrated to protect data from unauthorized access. The criteria for increasing the effectiveness of the DLP system and the multi-intellect DLP system were suggested.Перечислены методы и инструменты для разблокировки данных из локальной сети. Проанализированы современные методы и программные средства защиты данных от несанкционированного доступа из локальной сети. Показаны преимущества и недостатки системы DLP, предназначенной для предотвращения потери / утечки данных от несанкционированного доступа. Предложены критерии повышения эффективности системы DLP и системы DLP с многоагентным интеллектом

Unauthorized Alien Students, Higher Education, and In-State Tuition Rates: A Legal Analysis

Currently, federal law prohibits states from granting unauthorized aliens certain postsecondary educational benefits on the basis of state residence, unless equal benefits are made available to all U.S. citizens. This prohibition is commonly understood to apply to the granting of “in-state” residency status for tuition purposes. In the 110th Congress, several bills that would amend this federal law have been introduced (H.R. 1221, H.R. 1275, H.R. 1645, H.R. 4192, S. 774, S. 1348, S. 1639, and S. 2205). Meanwhile, some states have passed laws aimed at making unauthorized state residents eligible for in-state tuition without violating this provision. This report provides a legal overview of cases involving immigrant access to higher education, as well as an analysis of the legality of state laws that make in-state tuition rates available to illegal immigrants. For a policy analysis of this issue, see CRS Report RL33863, Unauthorized Alien Students: Issues and “DREAM Act” Legislation, by Andorra Bruno

Unauthorized Aliens’ Access to Federal Benefits: Policy and Issues

[Excerpt] Federal law bars aliens residing without authorization in the United States from most federal benefits; however, there is a widely held perception that many unauthorized aliens obtain such benefits. The degree to which unauthorized resident aliens should be accorded certain rights and privileges as a result of their residence in the United States, along with the duties owed by such aliens given their presence, remains the subject of intense debate in Congress. This report focuses on the policy and legislative debate surrounding unauthorized aliens’ access to federal benefits. Except for a narrow set of specified emergency services and programs, unauthorized aliens are not eligible for federal public benefits. The law (§401(c) of P.L. 104-193) defines federal public benefit as any grant, contract, loan, professional license, or commercial license provided by an agency of the United States or by appropriated funds of the United States; and any retirement, welfare, health, disability, public or assisted housing, postsecondary education, food assistance, unemployment benefit, or any other similar benefit for which payments or assistance are provided to an individual, household, or family eligibility unit by an agency of the United States or by appropriated funds of the United States . The actual number of unauthorized aliens in the United States is unknown. According to demographer Jeffrey Passel’s calculations based on the 2005 March Current Population Survey (CPS), there were approximately 11.1 million unauthorized aliens residing in the United States (the most recent analysis with detailed statistical breakdowns). Passel further estimated the number of persons living in families in which the head of the household or the spouse was an unauthorized alien was 14.6 million. There were 6.6 million unauthorized families, which he defines as a family unit or solo individual in which the head or spouse is unauthorized. A noteworthy portion of the households headed by unauthorized aliens are likely to have U.S. citizen children, as well as spouses who may be legal permanent residents (LPRs). These “mixed status” families represent about one-third of all unauthorized families and five out of six unauthorized families with children as of March 2005. Policy researcher Steven Camarota concludes (based on his estimates drawn from the 2002 CPS) that the U.S. citizen children of unauthorized aliens account for much of the costs associated with illegal migration. Although the law appears straightforward, the policy on unauthorized aliens’ access to federal benefits is peppered with ongoing controversies and debates. Some center on demographic issues (e.g., how to treat mixed-immigration status families). Others explore unintended consequences, most notably when tightening up the identification requirements results in denying benefits to U.S. citizens. Still others are debates about how broadly the clause “federal public benefit” should be implemented. This report will be updated if policy changes warrant

Nonlawyer Legal Assistance and Access to Justice

article published in law reviewNonlawyer legal assistance is a necessary ingredient of any plan for meaningful access to the courts. The American Bar Association Commission on Nonlawyer Practice found in 1995 "that as many as 70% to 80% or more of low-income persons are unable to obtain legal assistance even when they need and want it." While low income households have the greatest problems of access, many moderate-income households, as well, do not have access to the justice system. The ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct contain an overly broad ban on assisting the unauthorized practice of law that discourages judges and lawyers from working with nonlawyers to make courts accessible to the public. Nevertheless, courts, lawyers, and individuals committed to meaningful access to justice are finding new roles for nonlawyers in the legal system

Bypassing Civil Gideon: A Legislative Proposal

Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund. Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund. Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund. Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund. Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund. Eighty-four percent of immigrants appearing before immigration judges are unrepresented. Immigration judges are overwhelmed with the dual role of adjudicating cases and serving as counsel to pro se individuals appearing before them. In addition, due to the rising costs of retaining a lawyer, immigrants are turning to immigrant consultants. These incompetent and unscrupulous individuals are preying on vulnerable immigrants and engaging in the unauthorized practice of law. In addressing unmet legal needs for immigrants, most advocacy efforts for immigrants regarding the acquisition of competent representation focus on persuading the courts that immigrants appearing before an immigration judge have a constitutional right to government-paid counsel. This tactic has repeatedly failed. This Article, however, explores an alternative strategy -- expanding immigrants’ access to qualified and trained nonlawyer representatives. Increasing access to these accredited representatives would provide immigrants with accurate counsel and advice about the availability of immigration relief; reduce backlog and delay in the immigration agencies; and ensure the individual has a competent advocate demanding fair adjudication of his or her application for immigration relief. In order to accomplish these objectives, the Article puts forth a federal legislative proposal on how to expand the current number of nonlawyer representatives so that every indigent immigrant in need of representation is guaranteed a government-funded representative; creates an interagency taskforce to investigate and federally prosecute individuals who are defrauding immigrants; and makes engaging in the unauthorized practice of law a federal crime. The proposal also provides a plan for funding this new initiative including establishing a dedicated immigrant victim rights fund

Time-Bound Labor Access to the United States: A Four-Way Win for the Middle Class, Low-Skill Workers, Border Security, and Migrants

The US economy needs low-skill workers now more than ever, and that requires a legal channel for the large-scale, employment-based entry of low-skill workers. The alternative is what the country has now: a giant black market in unauthorized labor that hinders job creation and harms border security. A legal time-bound labor-access program could benefit the American middle class and low-skill workers, improve US border security, and create opportunities for foreign workers

Development of Low Cost Private Office Access Control System (OACS)

Over the years, access control systems have become more and more sophisticated and several security measures have been employed to combat the menace of insecurity of lives and property. This is done by preventing unauthorized entrance into buildings through entrance doors using conventional and electronic locks, discrete access code, and biometric methods such as the finger prints, thumb prints, the iris and facial recognition. We have designed a flexible and low cost modular system based on integration of keypad, magnetic lock and a controller. PIC 16F876A which is an 8-bit Microcontroller, is used here as a main controller. An advanced simulation based compiler Flowcode V4 is used to develop the software part in this project.Comment: ISSN: 1839-517