tRNA Profiling of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome

Background: Exosomes have great potential in regenerative medicine through the transfer of their bioactive cargos, such as RNA. tRF RNA and tiRNA are tRNAderived non-coding RNA. Here, we sought to identify the tRF/tiRNA profile in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) exosomes. Methods: Bone marrow hMSCs were cultured with/without osteogenic differentiation medium and exosomes were harvested. RNA was extracted from: 1) control cells (Cell-NT); 2) control exosomes (EXO-NT); 3) differentiated cells (Cell-OM); 4) exosomes produced by differentiated cells (EXO-OM). RNA was sequenced to profile the small RNA with a focus on tRF/tiRNA. Results: tRF/tiRNA was highly enriched in hMSC exosomes. Less diversity was seen in the tRF/tiRNA profile in exosomes than that in parent cells. Selective tRF/tiRNA were packed into MSC exosomes and their profile is dependent on the cell maturation status. Conclusions: Our results suggest that tRF/tiRNA may play a role in mediating the function of exosomes in tissue regeneration

Learning definite Horn formulas from closure queries

A definite Horn theory is a set of n-dimensional Boolean vectors whose characteristic function is expressible as a definite Horn formula, that is, as conjunction of definite Horn clauses. The class of definite Horn theories is known to be learnable under different query learning settings, such as learning from membership and equivalence queries or learning from entailment. We propose yet a different type of query: the closure query. Closure queries are a natural extension of membership queries and also a variant, appropriate in the context of definite Horn formulas, of the so-called correction queries. We present an algorithm that learns conjunctions of definite Horn clauses in polynomial time, using closure and equivalence queries, and show how it relates to the canonical Guigues–Duquenne basis for implicational systems. We also show how the different query models mentioned relate to each other by either showing full-fledged reductions by means of query simulation (where possible), or by showing their connections in the context of particular algorithms that use them for learning definite Horn formulas.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The calculation of superstructure for given loads

In the first part of Diploma Thesis there are elements of railroad superstructure described in detail,\ud which decisively influence on railroad condition, considering the Rule Book of Railroad\ud Superstructure issued in the Official Gazette of Republic of Slovenia with number 92/2010. There are\ud railways, railsteps, railbed, tightening and binding tools described.\ud In the second part there is a theory for calculating tensions due to temperature change and bend\ud presented. In calculating tension due to bend there is Zimmerman method presented and dynamic\ud impacts are taken into consideration with a help of Eissmann theory.\ud In the last part I have made actual calculation based on gathered starting point data. Using it I have\ud calculated tensions in different shapes of standard railways and in different conditions of upper\ud structure. I have made calculations tensions due to temperature changes in case of non-friction laid\ud railways and friction laid railways. There is also a calculation of tension due to bend having a\ud calculation of subsidence, bending moment, pressure and a calculation of bending tensions in\ud dynamic traffic load

Fire safety in railway traffic

The thesis presents the causes of fire and necessary fire safety actions in railway traffic. At the\ud beginning I pointed out a terminology which are crucial for the further understanding of the text. At a\ud time, when there is declared a high or very high level of fire risk to the environment, representing\ud trains daily threat to the natural and living environment. Various actions are needed to reduce the risk\ud of fire in surveillance areas. Actions, presented in this thesis are mostly taken from the Rules of fire\ud protection actions in fire safety lane on railway lines, on rail vehicle and rail vehicles with an open\ud furnace. In the planning and implementation of the actions we have many participants, which are\ud presented in this thesis and have different roles

Growth characteristics of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in Slovenia

Prispevek obravnava rastne značilnosti gorskega javorja na štirih skupinskih gozdnih rastiščih v Sloveniji. Analizirali smo višinsko in debelinsko rast 191gorskih javorjev s 30 lokacij. Na treh izmed njih smo opravljali desetdnevne meritve višinskega priraščanja mladic gorskega javorja. Pokazalo se je, da gorski javor v višino najhitreje raste na javorovjih, sledijo bukovja in nazadnje jelovo bukova rastišča. Kar zadeva debelinsko rast, v mladosti najhitreje rastejo javorovja, kasneje pa jih prehiti gorski javor z bukovih in jelovo bukovih rastišč. Debelinsko priraščanje je v pozitivni povezavi z velikostjo krošnje. Tekoči višinski prirastek najpogosteje kulminira med 12. in 14. letom starosti, debelinski pa med 20. in 40. letom. Povprečni starostni višinski prirastek doseže kulminacijo večinoma med 20. in 25. letom, povprečni debelinski prirastek pa med 30. in 50. letom starosti. Višinsko priraščanje gorskega javorja ima eno in izrazito kulminacijo v rastnisezoni, čas intenzivnega priraščanja pa traja 30-40 dni.In the present contribution, the growth characteristics of sycamore in four site groups in Slovenia are analysed. Analyses of height and diameter growth on the basis of 191 sycamore trees from 30 different locations were carried out. Additionally, the height increments of sycamore\u27s seedling from three locations were measured every ten days during the growing period. The results show that on maple sites the sycamore grows faster in height than the sycamoreon beech and silver fir-beech sites. Concerning the diameter growth, the sycamore on maple sites has a higher rate of growth in the early years, but is later on overtaken by sycamore from beech as well as silver fir-beech sites. The largeness of sycamore\u27s crown influences the tree ring width. The current annual increment of height most often culminates between 12th and 14thyears of age, while diameter CAI culminates between 20th and 40th years ofage. The mean annual increment of height reaches the peak mostly between 20th and 25th years of age, while diameter MAI reaches it mostly between 30th and 50th years of age. The height increment of sycamore has a single distinct culmination in the growing period, with intensive growth of height lasting for30 to 40 days

Design documentation for maintenance of railway lines

In the first part of my thesis I described in general the design documentation for construction and maintenance of railway lines in Slovenia. In the second part I wrote more in detail about design documentation for maintenance works to the public interest. I introduced the basics for making the design documentation, its contents and part of the design documentation on a specific project. I scooped and defined the terms, which are used in the context of the maintenance work of railway lines and using different schemes described how these terms have changed through the years in connection with different laws and regultions. I also pointed out some of the problems, which can appear because of different interpretations of these terms in Slovenian and European regulations

Studies on hepatic blood flow and the rate of Bromsulphalein clearance in dogs with portacaval transposition

Hepatic plasma and blood flows were determined in dogs with modified portacaval transposition. Mean hepatic blood flow was 43 ml. per kilogram per minute, approximately that expected in a normal dog. Similarly, the rate of Bromsulphalein clearance was in the range expected for normal dogs. © 1962