Traktörlerde kullanılan teknolift mandalının ergonomik olarak geliştirilmesi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmada traktörlerde kullanılan teknolift mandal mekanizması tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında mevcut olarak kullanılan mandal mekanizmalarının ve yeni tasarlanan mekanizmanın sonlu elemanlar yöntemine göre yapısal analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu analizler statik analizler ve yorulma analizlerinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Başak Traktör firmasında kullanılan teknolift mandal mekanizmalarının mevcut modellerinin ergonomikleştirme ve kuvvet azaltma amacıyla yeni alternatif teknolift mandal mekanizmaları katı modelleme programında modellenmiştir ve sonlu elemanlar yöntemine göre çözümlemeler yapan programa aktarılarak mekanik analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan bu analizler sonucunda yeni tasarlanan parçalar hızlı prototipleme yöntemi ile üretilerek traktör üzerine takılıp denenmiştir ve teknolift mandalına uygulanan kuvvetler yük hücresi ile ölçülerek mevcut durum ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Statik ve yorulma analizleri sonuçlarına göre yeni tasarlanan teknoliftin mekanik açıdan daha dayanıklı olduğu ve yorulma ömrü açısından güvenli bölgede olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca yeni teknoliftin gerekli stroğu daha az kuvvet ile sağlayabildiği ve çalışma sonucunda yapılan anketlere göre kullanıcılardan gelen yanıtlar neticesinde yeni teknoliftin daha kullanışlı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.In this study, a technolift clamp mechanism is designed which used in tractors. Structural analyses of the existing clamp mechanisms and newly designed mechanism carried on according to finite element method within the scope of the study. These analyses are consist of static analyses and fatigue analyses. In the scope of the study, for the aim of ergonomic improvement and force reduction of existing models of technolift clamp mechanism, new alternative clamp mechanisms were modeled in the computer and transferred to a software which makes the analyzes according to the finite elements method. As a result of these analyzes newly designed parts manufactured by rapid prototyping and installed on the tractor. And then the forces which applied on the technolift clamp measured by load cell and compared with existing models. According to the analysis results it is shown that newly designed technolift is more durable as mechanically and it is in the safe zone according to fatigue life. And also newly designed technolift can provide the required stroke with less force. According to the survey results, responses from users show that newly designed technolift is more useful than existing models

Ergonomic Development of Tractor Technolift Clamp

Bu çalışmada traktörlerde kullanılan mevcut teknolift mandal mekanizmalarına ergonomiklik kazandırılması ve mekanizmaya uygulanan yükün azaltılması amacıyla ve ergonomik açıdan tutma biçimleri göz önüne alınarak yeni bir teknolift mandal mekanizması tasarlanmıştır. Yapılan bu tasarım hızlı prototipleme yöntemi ile üretilerek traktör üzerindeki ergonomikliği kontrol edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan araç üzerine monte edilen yeni mekanizmanın üzerine gelen yükler dijital kuvvet ölçer ile ölçülerek teorik hesaplama sonucuyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Ölçümler neticesinde deneysel ve teorik sonuçların birbirine yakın olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan elde edilen yük değerleri bu yeni tasarımın yaklaşık %58-72 oranında daha az bir yükleme ile çalışacağını göstermektedir. Bu durum traktör başındaki kullanıcının daha az kuvvet harcayacağını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte geliştirilen alternatif kol tasarımının kol/omuz desteğiyle ittirileceği için uzun süreli kullanımlarda herhangi bir fiziksel sorun teşkil etmeyeceği ve iş verimliliğine olumlu yönde katkı yapacağını düşünülmektedir.In this study, a new technolift lever mechanism has been designed as an alternative in order to provide_x000D_ ergonomics to the existing technolift clamp mechanisms used in tractors and to reduce the load_x000D_ applied to the mechanism. In this context, a new technolift latch mechanism has been designed_x000D_ considering the ergonomically holding types. This design is produced by rapid prototyping method_x000D_ and ergonomic design is controlled on the tractor. On the other hand, the loads on the new mechanism_x000D_ mounted on the vehicle were measured with the load cell and compared with the theoretical_x000D_ calculation result. As a result of the measurements, it was seen that experimental and theoretical_x000D_ results were close to each other. On the other hand, the load values indicate that this new design will_x000D_ operate with a 58-72% less load. This shows that the user at the head of the tractor will consume less_x000D_ force. However, since the developed alternative arm design will be pushed with arm / shoulder_x000D_ support, it is considered that it will not cause any physical problems in long-term use and will_x000D_ contribute to the productivity positively.In this study, a new technolift lever mechanism has been designed as an alternative in order to provide ergonomics to the existing technolift clamp mechanisms used in tractors and to reduce the load applied to the mechanism. In this context, a new technolift latch mechanism has been designed considering the ergonomically holding types. This design is produced by rapid prototyping method and ergonomic design is controlled on the tractor. On the other hand, the loads on the new mechanism mounted on the vehicle were measured with the load cell and compared with the theoretical calculation result. As a result of the measurements, it was seen that experimental and theoretical results were close to each other. On the other hand, the load values indicate that this new design will operate with a 58-72% less load. This shows that the user at the head of the tractor will consume less force. However, since the developed alternative arm design will be pushed with arm / shoulder support, it is considered that it will not cause any physical problems in long-term use and will contribute to the productivity positively

Diseño mecánico del chasis de un ascensor para personas aplicando las normativas de la Ley 7600 sobre Igualdad de oportunidades para las personas con discapacidad

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Mantenimiento Industrial) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica, 2015.This report was produced at AZMONTS.A to develop the mechanical design of an elevator car frame and its components, in a more productive manner, so the company can decrease costs and improve its sales. The project stems from the need to bring to market an elevator lift with affordable production costs and with special conditions to comply with the provisions of the 7600 Law on Equal Opportunities and international regulations concerning the manufacture and installation of electric lifts per UNE EN 81-1 and ASME 17.1. The lack of national production of elevator components requires the company AZMONT S.A. to import the elevator components from Spain. However, this report proves that the company’s production of elevator components in this country can benefit the company, making it more competitive in the elevator market in Costa Rica, as well as in other countries in the region where the company operates. The project variables are defined as: Cabin size, elevator speed, drive system and elevator path. During the practice, different types of elevator car frames were used and it was determined that the most appropriate model is the backpacks type. Three possible models were analyzed, but it was found one in particular met the minimum safety factors established by UNE EN 81-1 and ASME 17.1. The model was based on appropriate and duly verified calculations. The project includes the selection of the suspension rope, gearless lift motor, car and counterweight guide rails and speed governor. The elevator car frame design proposal includes the cost benefit of developing its approach compared to products imported by the company AZMONT S.A. study. Once the project was finished the design of the elevator car frame plans were delivered to the Engineering Department of the company.Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica; Escuela de Ingeniería Electromecánica; AZMONTS.A