Inter-Firm Co-Operative Strategies In The Context Of Discontinuous Technological Change. The Case Of The Uk Optical Communications Systems Industry

At times of discontinuous technological change co-operation representsa viable strategy for both incumbents and new-entrants, provided thatthe choice of co-operation is consistent with the firm's businessstrategy (market-pull vs. technology-push) and with its degree oforganizational and technological flexibility. Evidence from the UKfibre-optics industry identifies two ideal-types of co-operation,namely structured co-operation - associated with market-pullstrategies and lower levels of flexibility - and unstructuredco-operation - associated with technology-push strategies and higherlevels of flexibility.co-operative strategy;incumbents;inter-firm relationships;new-entrants;technological discontinuity

Public Support for the Financing of RD&D Activities in New Clean Energy Technologies

Several market failures, as well as other technical, economic and regulatory barriers to the market penetration of clean energy technologies result in under-investment of private innovators in RD&D. Therefore, public support is needed in order to induce innovations. Policy tools creating market conditions that are attractive for the exploitation of clean technologies (market pull) must be combined with other tools directly supporting the development of these technologies through the provision of public funds (technology push). Thereby, financing policy instruments should be chosen so that their characteristics match with those of the specific innovation process being targeted at the same time that social welfare is maximized. We develop an analytical framework to define the form of public support and to provide recommendations on the optimal choice of both technology push and market pull instruments.clean energy technologies; innovation finance; public support; technology push; market pull

Implementasi Push Data Server pada Jaringan SIP

One of the most popular technology today is Push Mail-Messaging. A very popular market is a Push Mail Messaging on BlackBerry. In this era have been developed Messaging Application Push Mail on your Nokia, Sonny and the others. The meaning of Push mail Messaging is a technology developed by RIM to speed access to email just like SMS from your mobile phone. so email will be sent and received instantly. In this Final Push technology, Push technology has been built on SIP Network using 3(three) component system are Push Content Provider, Push Data Server dan SIP client. Push data server used APE (Ajax Push engine) is a full feature Open source design for Ajax Push. APE allows to carry out any kind of real-time streaming data into a web browser, without having to install anything on the client-side. The results of this final task of a push data server that can be used universally for data transmission (either data or otherwise) to the client with Push Technology and good performance with an average delay of 3.5 seconds for a single data transmission , a small packet loss 1,9% maximum at 7 clients. Keyword : Push mail messaging, SIP Network, APE (Ajax Push Engine)

Information Rich 3D Computer Modeling of Urban Environments

We are living in an increasingly information rich society. Geographical Information Systems now allow us to precisely tag information to specific features, objects and locations. The Internet is enabling much of this information to be accessed by a whole spectrum of users. At CASA we are attempting to push this technology towards a three-dimensional GIS, that works across the Internet and can represent significant chunks of a large city. We believe that the range of possible uses for such technology is diverse, although we feel that urban planning is an area that can benefit greatly. An opportunity to push this “planning technology” arose when CASA won a tender from Hackney Council to develop a dynamic website for community participation in the process of regenerating the Woodberry Down Estate. This is a run down part of northeast London that is undergoing a major redevelopment. CASA has developed a system that not only informs the local residents about the redevelopment process but it also enables them to use dynamic visualisations of the “before and after effects” of different plans, and then to discuss and vote on the variety of options

Assessing the UK policies for broadband adoption

Broadband technology has been introduced to the business community and the public as a rapid way of exploiting the Internet. The benefits of its use (fast reliable connections, and always on) have been widely realised and broadband diffusion is one of the items at the top of the agenda for technology related polices of governments worldwide. In this paper an examination of the impact of the UK government’s polices upon broadband adoption is undertaken. Based on institutional theory a consideration of the manipulation of supply push and demand pull forces in the diffusion of broadband is offered. Using primary and secondary data sources, an analysis of the specific institutional actions related to IT diffusion as pursued by the UK government in the case of broadband is provided. Bringing the time dimension into consideration it is revealed that the UK government has shifted its attention from supply push-only strategies to more interventional ones where the demand pull forces are also mobilised. It is believed that this research will assist in the extraction of the “success factors” in government intervention that support the diffusion of technology with a view to render favourable results if applied to other national settings

Trustworthy content push

Delivery of content to mobile devices gains increasing importance in industrial environments to support employees in the field. An important application are e-mail push services like the fashionable Blackberry. These systems are facing security challenges regarding data transport to, and storage of the data on the end user equipment. The emerging Trusted Computing technology offers new answers to these open questions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figure

Structural Change out of Agriculture: Labor Push versus Labor Pull

The process of economic development is characterized by substantial rural-urban migrations and a decreasing share of agriculture in output and employment. The literature highlights two main engines behind this process of structural change: (i) improvements in agricultural technology combined with the effect of Engel's law of demand push resources out of the agricultural sector (the "labor push" hypothesis), and (ii) improvements in industrial technology attract labor into this sector (the "labor pull" hypothesis). We present a simple model that features both channels and use it to explore their relative importance. We evaluate the U.S. time series since 1800 and a sample of 13 industrialized countries starting in the 19th century. Our results suggest that, on average, the "labor pull" channel dominates. This contrasts with popular modeling choices in the recent literature.growth, structural change

Multinationals in economic development: the benefits of FDI

During her five years at the World Bank, Harrison initiated four studies involving multinational enterprises in four developing countries: Ivory Coast, Mexico, Morocco and Venezuela. These studies measure the role of multinational enterprises in promoting technology transfer; test whether multinationals push up wages for local workers; and analyze the validity of the "pollution haven hypothesis," which states that foreign investors flock to developing countries to take advantage of lax environmental standards. Harrison finds no evidence of pollution havens and shows that multinationals raise wages for local workers. However, she finds that technology transfer has generally been limited to the joint ventures who receive foreign equity participation.multinational corporations; wages; pollution havens; technology transfer

Technology Push, Demand Pull And The Shaping Of Technological Paradigms - Patterns In The Development Of Computing Technology

An assumption generally subscribed in evolutionary economics is thatnew technological paradigms arise from advances is science anddevelopments in technological knowledge. Demand only influences theselection among competing paradigms, and the course the paradigm afterits inception. In this paper we argue that this view needs to beadapted. We demonstrate that in the history of computing technology inthe 20th century a distinction can be made between periods in whicheither demand or knowledge development was the dominant enabler ofinnovation. In the demand enabled periods new technological (sub-)paradigms in computing technology have emerged as well.enablers of innovation;history of computing;technological paradigms