Design of Stocking Density of Broilers for Closed House in Wet Tropical Climates

The objectives of this research were to: 1) design the stocking density of broiler reared at a closed house system in wet tropical climates based on the heat released by broiler, 2) design broiler harvesting system based on the housing heat load, and 3) design required housing area based on the broiler age. The housing design used to determine the broiler stocking density was based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with Solid Works Flow Simulation software. The method had good validation shown by small number of average percentage of deviation (6.07%). Simulation was carried out by changing the number of broilers i.e. 16, 18, 20, 21 and 22 birds/m2. According to the CFD simulation result, total heat load inside the house was 233.33 kW at 21 birds/m2 at weight 1.65 kg/bird. At that stocking density the housing can be occupied by 27,224 birds until 22 days of age. The highest total weight was produced by daily harvesting started from 22 to 32 d. It can be concluded that the stocking density of closed house for broiler is 34.65 kg/m2, total production is 45,717 kg per period and the required area for 27,224 broilers is 248.63 m2 (1 to 7 days of age broiler), 562.52 m2 (8 to 14 days of age broiler) and 1,000 m2 (15 to 22 days of age broiler)

Economic impact of decreasing stocking densities in broiler rabbit production based on Belgian farm data

[EN] Stocking density is a prominent issue in public debates on farm animal welfare. Public perceptions and economic impact of reduced stocking density should be considered, along with effects on animal performances and welfare. In this paper, experimental data and accountancy data based on 15 Belgian farms were combined to calculate the financial impact of different stocking densities on broiler rabbit farm profitability. Using the partial budget technique, only those elements that change with stocking density were taken into account. From the experiment, feed conversion and feed intake were found to increase slightly though significantly with decreasing stocking density, although only 5% and 6% of the variation, respectively, were explained by stocking density. However, reducing stocking density implies a recalculation of all costs in a reduced number of broiler rabbits, which has a negative impact on farm profitability. Reducing stocking density from the standard situation of 15 rabbits per m² to 10 rabbits per m² reduced added value by 22 euros per doe. In general, farm income was low and amounted to only 28.10 euros per doe during 2006-2008 for the reference situation of 15 rabbits per m². Below a density of 9 rabbits/m², a negative farm income was calculated. Sensitivity analysis showed that rabbit meat price has a stronger influence on the added value at a given density than rabbit feed price.This research is funded by the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT Vlaanderen), Brussels, Belgium. We gratefully acknowledge the Flemish Association of Poultry and Rabbit Breeders, and especially Ilka Hertogs for their willingness to provide the used accountancy data.132Verspecht, A.; Maertens, L.; Vanhonacker, F.; Tuyttens, F.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.; Verbeke, W. (2011). Economic impact of decreasing stocking densities in broiler rabbit production based on Belgian farm data. World Rabbit Science. 19(3). doi:10.4995/wrs.2011.849SWORD12319

Development of carp fish culture practice under different stocking densities in mid hills of Uttarakhand, India

The present study was undertaken in order to standardise the stocking density values of carps fishes for sustainable fisheries development in mid hills and enhancing the fish production. The paper deals with growth performance of 3 exotic fish species in low stocking density i.e. 3 fish/m3 over high stocking density of 5 fish/m3 and 10 fish/m3 in the control pond. The net production was 12.6% higher with stocking density of 3 fish/m3. Among the both tested density, the combination of 30: 40: 30 was superior (45.6%) in terms of growth and production in comparison to the other combinations and control. In present study, the highest production as 57.13kg/100m2 (5713 kg/ha.) was achieved in the stocking ratio of 30:40:30 with stocking density of 3 fish/m3. It is 4.7% higher of the combination of 40:30:30 and 4% higher than the combination of 30: 30: 40. It is 12.6% higher than the stocking density of 5 fish/m3 and 48.5% higher than the stocking density of 10 fish /m3. The growth pattern reflected the slow growth during the winter months, reflected the direct negative effect of water temperature on the growth. The production level of existing practice of the farmers may be enhanced up to 1.5 times with proper stocking density i.e. 3 fish/m3 and perfect species combination i.e. 30: 40: 30 for silver carp, grass carp and common carp respectively

Growth Rate Of (Anadara Granosa) Spat On The Natural Habitat With Different Density In Panipahan Beach Rokan Hilir Recident Riau Province

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth rate of A. granosa with different stocking density. This study was conducted from November 2015 to January 2016. Animals test measuring between 0.8-1.0 cm. The method used in this study is experimental method with completely randomized design (CRD), one factor with 4 treatments. To minimize errors, each treatment using 3 replicates. Treatment A (50 individuals), B (75 individuals), C (100 individuals), D (125 individuals). The variables measured were the growth rate and survival rate. The results showed that the stocking density of 50 individuals generate growth in the value of the highest average or better than stocking density 75 individuals and 100 individuals, while stocking density of 125 individuals was the lowest growth. The highest level of survival was found on a stocking density of 50 individuals with an average value of 92.7 ± 3.055%, while the lowest survival was on stocking density 125 individuals with an average value of 83.5 ± 1.222%

Maintain of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Used of Peat Swamp Water in Bioflocs Technology

This research was conducted from December 2015 until January 2016 at Technology Research and Development Center in Riau Balitbang. The purpose of this research was to investigate growth and survival rate of african catfish with difference of stocking density in bioflocs techniques. This research using experimental method and completely random design (RAL) with three treatment and three replications, three are P1 : Stocking density 200 ekor/m3, P2 : Stocking density 300 ekor/m3, P3 : Stocking density 400 ekor/m3. The result showed that african catfish with difference of stocking density in bioflocs techniques significant effect on quality of water, absolute length growth, spesific growth rate, the growth of absolute weight, and survival rate. The best treatment were obtained in treatment stocking density 300 ekor/m3, with value growth of quality of water (temperature 27-32oC, DO 3,09-4,16 mg/L, pH 6,7-7,1 and NH3 0,07-0,09 mg/L) absolute weight 50,15 g, growth in absolute length 12,63 cm, specific growth rate 3,99% and survival rate 98,16%

Effects of socking [sic] density on ammonia excretion and the growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

The effects of stocking density (10, 15, 50 & 75 fish in 65L tank) and ammonia excretion on the growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (12.19 ± 1.21 g) were investigated. Increasing stocking density of Nile tilapia from 15 fish/tank (2.81 g fish/L) to 75 fish/tank (14.07 g fish/L) resulted in associated increase in ammonia level (1.48 ± 0.87 mg/L to 26.44 ± 11.4 mg/L) and significantly lower growth rates. Significantly better feed conversion ratios were found for fish reared at lower (15 fish/tank) stocking densities compared to higher (75 fish/tank) stocking densities. Individual growth rates were significantly better for fish reared at a lower stocking density 15 fish/tank compared to higher stocking density 75 fish/tank and size variation (coefficient of variation in weight) were positively correlated with stocking density. Although water exchange did not have a significant effect on the growth of Nile tilapia for fish stocked at 10 fish/tank (1.88 g fish/L) and 50 fish/tank (9.38 g fish/L), however, the fish in the higher stocking density (9.38 g fish/L) groups and without water exchange, significantly changed the coloration of their bodies (silver to black) which may be due to the lower oxygen levels combined with higher ammonia levels. Ammonia level increased with increasing stocking density and without water exchange. In this study, it may be suggested that when fish reared at higher stocking densities then water exchange must be taken in to consideration so as to help avoid environmental and physiological stress to the fish

Effects of Temperature and Crowding on the Pathogenicity of Edwardsiella ictaluri in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Channel catfish were injected with Edwardsiella ictaluri and stocked at increasing temperatures and densities. Bacteriological examination of kidney, liver and spleen revealed the greatest numbers of organisms in fish from the highest temperature and stocking density tested. Survival time was the shortest for fish held at the highest temperature and stocking density. Increased temperature and crowding were directly proportional to the number of organisms recovered from the organs and inversely proportional to fish survival time

Pengaruh Padat Penebaran Terhadap Kelulushidupan Dan Pertumbuhan Udang Vanname(Litopenaeus Vannamei) Serta Produksi Biomassa Rumput Laut (Gracilaria SP.) PADA Budidaya Polikultur

This research aimed to determine the effects of stocking density of vanname and Gracilaria sp. and the interaction between the stocking density of vanname shrimp and Gracilaria sp, the survival rate and growth of vanname shrimp, as well as biomass production of Gracilaria sp. in polyculture. This research was carred out at Coastal Area Development Laboratory (LPWP) Jepara from July-September 2012. A factorial design was applied in this experiment. There were two factors applied i.e. factor A: the stocking density of the shrimp, factor B: the stocking density of Gracilaria sp. action A consisted of 2 levels: A1 (14 shrimp/m2), A2 (17shrimp/m2). Where as factor B consisted of 3 levels: B1 ( 33,75 g/bag), B2 ( 40 g/bag), B3 ( 56,25 g/bag), Each treatment was replicated three times. The results of this research showed there was can interaction the stocking density of vanname shrimp and Gracilaria sp., ther were interaction between the stocking density of shrimp and Gracilaria sp., and showed a highly significant effect on their growth rate. The results of the growth rates 4,26±0,11 %/day in both treatment A2B2 (stocking density of 17 vanname shrimp /bag, and Gracilaria sp. 40 g/bag). The results biomass production of seaweed 3,69 ±0,11 g in both teatment A1B1 (stocking density of 14 vanname shrimp/bag, and Gracilaria sp. 40 g/bag)