Elimination of the A-square problem from cavity QED

We generalize the Power-Zineau-Woolley transformation to obtain a canonical Hamiltonian of cavity quantum electrodynamics for arbitrary geometry of boundaries. This Hamiltonian is free from the A-square term and the instantaneous Coulomb interaction between distinct atoms. The single-mode models of cavity QED (Dicke, Tavis-Cummings, Jaynes-Cummings) are justified by a term by term mapping to the proposed microscopic Hamiltonian. As one straightforward consequence, the basis of no-go argumentations concerning the Dicke phase transition with atoms in electromagnetic fields dissolves.Comment: 5 page

Cavity cooling of an optically trapped nanoparticle

We study the cooling of a dielectric nanoscale particle trapped in an optical cavity. We derive the frictional force for motion in the cavity field, and show that the cooling rate is proportional to the square of oscillation amplitude and frequency. Both the radial and axial centre-of-mass motion of the trapped particle, which are coupled by the cavity field, are cooled. This motion is analogous to two coupled but damped pendulums. Our simulations show that the nanosphere can be cooled to 1/e of its initial momentum over time scales of hundredths of milliseconds.Comment: 11 page

Enhanced collective Purcell effect of coupled quantum emitter systems

Cavity-embedded quantum emitters show strong modifications of free space radiation properties such as an enhanced decay known as the Purcell effect. The central parameter is the cooperativity $C$, the ratio of the square of the coherent cavity coupling strength over the product of cavity and emitter decay rates. For a single emitter, $C$ is independent of the transition dipole moment and dictated by geometric cavity properties such as finesse and mode waist. In a recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 093601 (2017)] we have shown that collective excitations in ensembles of dipole-dipole coupled quantum emitters show a disentanglement between the coherent coupling to the cavity mode and spontaneous free space decay. This leads to a strong enhancement of the cavity cooperativity around certain collective subradiant antiresonances. Here, we present a quantum Langevin equations approach aimed at providing results beyond the classical coupled dipoles model. We show that the subradiantly enhanced cooperativity imprints its effects onto the cavity output field quantum correlations while also strongly increasing the cavity-emitter system's collective Kerr nonlinear effect

Coupling of polarization and spatial degrees of freedom of highly divergent emission in broad-area square vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

The polarization of highly divergent modes of broad-area square vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers is shown to be only marginally affected by material anisotropies but determined by an interplay of the polarization properties of the Bragg cavity mirrors and of the transverse boundary conditions. This leads to a locking of the polarization direction to the boundaries and its indeterminacy for wave vectors oriented along the diagonal. We point out a non-Poissonian character of nearest-neighbor frequency spacing distribution and the impossibility of single-wave number solutions

Coaxial phased array antenna

A coaxial antenna array for communicating circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation is disclosed. A pair of open ended antenna cavities is coaxially constructed and operates by excitation of linear radiation elements arranged within each of the cavities. A pair of crossed dipole radiation devices is centered within the inner cavity and operated by means of a phase shifting network circuit to transmit as well as receive circularly polarized radiation. Four monopole radiation devices are symmetrically arranged to operate in the outer cavity in phase quadrature by means of the phase shifting network circuit to both transmit and receive circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation. Combined operation of the two antenna cavities with a 180 deg phase differential between the fields related to the two antenna cavities provides a broad beam, relatively wide frequency bandwidth communication capability. Particular embodiments disclosed feature a generally square cavity array as well as a circular cavity array

Photoinduced Electron Pairing in a Driven Cavity

We demonstrate how virtual scattering of laser photons inside a cavity via two-photon processes can induce controllable long-range electron interactions in two-dimensional materials. We show that laser light that is red (blue) detuned from the cavity yields attractive (repulsive) interactions whose strength is proportional to the laser intensity. Furthermore, we find that the interactions are not screened effectively except at very low frequencies. For realistic cavity parameters, laser-induced heating of the electrons by inelastic photon scattering is suppressed and coherent electron interactions dominate. When the interactions are attractive, they cause an instability in the Cooper channel at a temperature proportional to the square root of the driving intensity. Our results provide a novel route for engineering electron interactions in a wide range of two-dimensional materials including AB-stacked bilayer graphene and the conducting interface between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3

Optimal state estimation for cavity optomechanical systems

We demonstrate optimal state estimation for a cavity optomechanical system through Kalman filtering. By taking into account nontrivial experimental noise sources, such as colored laser noise and spurious mechanical modes, we implement a realistic state-space model. This allows us to obtain the conditional system state, i.e., conditioned on previous measurements, with minimal least-square estimation error. We apply this method for estimating the mechanical state, as well as optomechanical correlations both in the weak and strong coupling regime. The application of the Kalman filter is an important next step for achieving real-time optimal (classical and quantum) control of cavity optomechanical systems.Comment: replaced with published version, 5+12 page